Plunder and Spoil

שָׁלָל75 n.m. 1 S 30:16 prey, spoil, plunder, booty;—abs. שׁ׳ Gn 49:27 +; cstr. שְׁלַל Ju 5:30 +, sf. שְׁלָלֵךְ Zc 14:1, שְׁלַלְכֶם Is 33:4, etc.;— †1. prey, of Benj. as wolf Gn 49:27 (poem in J; c. חִלֵּק). 2. booty, spoil of war, of all kinds (often ‖ בַּז): incl. garments, gold and silver Jos 7:21 (J), ornaments Ju 8:24, 25, fabrics and women 5:30 a, b, flocks and herds 1 S 30:20; Je 49:32; 2 Ch 15:11, + persons Dt 20:14(×2), garments, food and drink 2 Ch 28:15, etc. (58 times; among these) שְׁלַל הֶעָרִים Dt 2:25; 2 S 12:30; 1 Ch 20:2 and (+ cattle in addition) Dt 3:7, Jos 8:27; 11:14 (both RD), cf. (also of city) Is 8:4; Dt 13:17(×2); Zc 14:1 and (+ cattle) Jos 8:2 (RD), but incl. pers. and cattle Dt 20:14, cf. v 14; fig. of entire nation Je 50:10; Ez 7:21; Zc 2:13; שׁ׳ in symbol. n.pr. מַהֵר שָׁלָל וגו׳ Is 8:1, 3, v. supr. p. 555a; שׁ׳ in metaph. of future majesty of עֶבֶד י׳ Is 53:12; וְהֳיְתָה־לּוֹ נַפְשׁוֹ לְשׁ׳ i.e. life shall be spared, Je 21:9; 38:2; 39:18, cf. 45:5. †3. private plunder Is 10:2 (אַלְמָנוֹת שְׁלָלָם), Pr 1:13 and (perhaps in current saying) 16:19. †4. = gain Pr 31:11.—לְצַוְּארֵי שׁ׳ Ju 5:30c is clearly wrong; meaning dub. (v. especially GFM); plausible conj. are לְצַוָּארַי שׁ׳ for my neck as spoil, Reuss Br al., and לְצַוְּארֵי שֵׁגָל for the neck of the queen Ew Be Kit al. (but שֵׁגָל elsewhere late); Now del. שָׁלָל and reads לְצַוָּארָיו.

† פָּשַׁט vb. strip off, make a dash, raid (cf. Assyrian pašâṭu, expunge, obliterate; NH פָּשַׁט, Aramaic פְּשַׁט, ܦܫܰܛ, are stretch out, extend, make plain, so Arabic بَسَطَ );— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Ho 7:1 +, 2 ms. וּפָשַׁטְתָּ֫ Ju 9:33, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִפְשַׁט 1 S 19:24; 3 mpl. יִפְשֹׁ֑טוּ Ez 26:1, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּשֹׁ֫טָה Is 32:11; Pt. pl. פֹּשְׁטִים Ne 4:17;— 1. strip off, put off, one’s garment (acc.) 1 S 19:24; Ez 26:16; 44:19; Lv 6:4 (opp. לָבַשׁ, 16:23 (id.; both P), Ne 4:17; Ct 5:3; acc. om. Is 32:11; of locusts Na 3:16 stripping off (sheaths of wings, cf. Da DrAm 85). 2. put off (one’s shelter), i.e. make a dash (from a sheltered place), c. אֶל Ju 20:37, abs. 9:44; especially of marauding foray, Ho 7:1, c. עַל against Ju 9:33, 44; 1 S 23:27; 30:14 (ins. עַל cf. 𝔊 We Dr al.), Jb 1:17, c. אֶל 1 S 27:8; 30:1, c. בְּ 1 Ch 14:9, 13; 2 Ch 25:13; 28:18; in 1 S 27:10 read אָן (for אַל־), We Dr al. Pi. Inf. cstr. לְפַשֵּׁט, c. acc. pers. 1 S 31:8 to strip the slain = 1 Ch 10:8; abs. only to strip (sc. the slain) 2 S 23:10 (ins. also ‖ 1 Ch 11:13 Dr). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִפְשִׁיט Jb 19:9; 3 mpl. sf. וְהִפְשִׁיטוּךְ Ez 23:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּפְשֵׁט Nu 20:28; 1 s. sf. אַפְשִׁיטֶנָּה Ho 2:5; 2 mpl. תַּפְשִׁט֑וּן Mi 2:8, etc.; Imv. הַפְשֵׁט Nu 20:26; Inf. cstr. הַפְשִׁיט 2 Ch 29:34; Pt. pl. מַפְשִׁיטִים 35:11;— 1. strip one of garment (2 acc.) Gn 37:23 (E), Nu 20:26, 28 (opp. הִלְבִּישׁ), Ez 16:39; 23:26; c. acc. pers. alone 1 Ch 10:9; Ho 2:5 strip her (sf.) naked (עֲרֻמָּה). 2. strip off, acc. כֵּלָיו 1 S 31:9, clothing Jb 22:6; c. acc. אֶדֶר + מִמּוּל Mi 2:8; c. acc. עוֹר + מֵעַל 3:3, cf. (acc. כְּבוֹדִי) Jb 19:9. 3. flay, c. acc. הָעֹלָה Lv 1:6; 2 Ch 29:34; acc. om. 35:11. Hithp. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפַּשֵּׁט 1 S 18:4 he stripped himself of his garment (acc.).

† בַּז n.[m.] spoiling, robbery; spoil, booty—בּ׳ abs. Nu 14:3 +; so also Ez 25:7 Qr (Kt בג meaningless); בַּ֑ז Je 2:14 +; but הַבָּ֔ז Nu 31:32 v. d. H.; sf. בִּזָּהּ Ez 29:19;— 1. spoiling, robbery, לְב׳ i.e. to be plundered, despoiled Ez 7:21 (of temple ‖ שָׁלָל) 23:46. 2. spoil, booty, plunder Is 10:6; 33:23 Ez 29:19; 38:12, 13 (all acc. cogn. ‖ שָׁלָל); cf. Nu 31:32 Je 15:13; 17:3; in phr. הָיָה לָבַז Je 49:32 (of camels) Ez 36:4 cf. v 5; also of human beings Nu 14:3, 31 Dt 1:39 Je 2:14 (all היה לב׳) + 2 K 21:14 (‖ מְשִׁסָּה) Is 42:22 (‖ id.) Je 2:14, cf. 30:16 (‖ מְשִׁסָּה); also Ez 25:7 Qr, 26:5 (היה לב׳; both in personif.); fig. of Isr. as sheep Ez 34:8, 22 (both היה לב׳) v 28 היה בז (no לְ). On Is 8:1, 3 מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז v. מהר" dir="rtl" >מהר.

† II. שָׁלַל vb. spoil, plunder (usually identif. with I. שׁ׳; NH id. (Jastr, cf. Dalm); Assyrian šalâlu id.; HomChr 33 cp. Sab. תֿלל plunder, connecting this with Arabic ثَلَّةٌ a flock of sheep (or goats); then 𝔗 שְׁלָלָא booty, and (rare) Syriac ܫܶܠܳܠ are loan-words);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְשׁ׳ Ez 26:12; 2 ms. שַׁלּוֹתָ Hb 2:8, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. sf. יְשָׁלּוּךָ v 8; cstr. לִשְׁלֹל Is 10:6 +; Pt. pl. שֹׁלְלִים Zc 2:12, etc.;—spoil, plunder (usually ‖ בָּזַז), c. acc. cogn. שָׁלָל Is 10:6; Ez 29:19; 38:12, 13(×2), acc. חַיִל wealth 26:12; acc. pers., שֹׁלְלִים Je 50:10; Hb 2:8; Ez 39:10, גּוֹיִם רַבִּים Hb 2:8, cf. Zc 2:12. Hithpōʿ. Pf. 3 pl. אֶשְׁתּוֹלְלוּ אַבִּירֵי לֵב (א in אֶשְׁתּ׳ is Aramaic, or scribal error: Ges§ 54 a n., cf. 53 k) ψ 76:6 the stout of heart are spoiled; Pt. מִשְׁתּוֹלֵל Is 59:15 he that departs from evil is one despoiled.

† [שָׁסָה] vb. spoil, plunder (rarer syn. of שׁלל, ב��ז; with this √ WMMAs. u. Eur. 131 connects Egypt. name of Beduin plunderers Šôs [ša-su, ša-sa]; connex. doubted by JenZA x (1895), 331);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. שָׁ֫סוּ לָ֫מוֹ ψ 44:11 they plunder for themselves; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁסֶה אוֹצַר וגו׳ Ho 13:15; elsewhere Pt. שֹׁסִים plunderers Ju 2:14; 2 K 17:20; c. acc. loc. 1 S 23:1; c. sf. (as obj.) שֹׁסֵ֫הוּ 1 S 14:48 (prob. pl. = שֹׁסֵ֫יהוּ, so Sta p. 355 Dr Bu, cf. Ges§ 91 k), שׁוֹסֵ֫ינוּ Is 17:14 (‖ בֹּזְזֵינוּ), שֹׁסֵיהֶם Ju 2:16; שֹׁסַ֫יִךְ Je 30:16 Qr (Kt v. שסס; ‖ בֹּזְזַיִךְ); cstr. שֹׁסֵי נַחֲלָתִי 50:11; pass. עַם־בָּזוּז זְשָׁסוּי Is 42:22. Pōʿ = Qal Pf. 1 s. שׁוֹשֵׂתִי (Ges§ 6 k) Is 10:13, c. acc. rei; read also prob. Pt. מְשׁוֹסֶה Is 42:24 (‖ בֹּזְזִים), for משוסה Kt, מְשִׁסָּה Qr; so Du Klo Che Hpt. Marti.

πλεονεξία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, greediness, assumption, arrogance, τῶν Σπαρτιητέων ἡ π. Refs 5th c.BC+; π. συγγενική wrong done to one's kin, Refs 4th c.AD+ __2 assumption, αἱ ἐν τῷ πυνθάνεσθαι π. Refs 4th c.BC+ __II advantage, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ π. αἱ ἴδιαι, αἱ δημόσιαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ πλεονεξίᾳ with a view to one's own advantage, Refs 5th c.BC+; μετὰ πλεονεξίας τινὸς ἀγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς [τὰ θηρία] Refsexcellences, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.2 a larger share of a thing, τῶν πολιτικῶν δικαίων Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 gain derived from a thing, τὴν ἐπὶ τῶν ἰδίων δικῶν πλεονεξίαν Refs 4th c.BC+undue gains, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III excess, opposed to ἔνδεια, Refs 5th c.BC+

† בִּזָּה n.f. spoil, booty(late)—בִּזָּה 2 Ch 14:13 + 9 times;—spoil, prey, of things 2 Ch 28:14 Est 9:10, 15, 16, cf. 2 Ch 14:13; 25:13 Dn 11:24 (‖ שָׁלָל & רכושׁ); n. verb., spoiling, בַּב׳ Ezr 9:7 Dn 11:33, cf. also לְב׳ Ne 3:36.

† I. מַלְקוֹחַ n.m. Is 49:25 booty, prey (cf. לָקַח 9);—הֲיֻקַּח מִגִּבּוֹר מ׳ Is 49:24 (‖ שְׁבִי), cf. v 25 (‖ id.); Nu 31:26 (‖ id.), 31:11 (‖ שָׁלָל), v 12 (‖ id. + שְׁבִי, i.e. here, only, disting. from captives), v 32 (‖ יֶתֶר הַבָּ֔ז), v 27.

† מְשִׁסָּה n.f. booty, plunder;—abs. מ׳ 2 K 21:14 +, so Is 42:24 Qr (מְשִׁסָּה Gi, מְשִׁיסָּה Baer; Kt משוסה, usually read מְשׁוּסָּה, מְשׁוֹסֶה, v. שׁסה Pōʿ.); pl. abs. מְשִׁסּוֹת Hb 2:7;—plunder, spoil, prey, usually הָיָה לִמ׳ (and ‖ בַּז) 2 K 21:14; Je 30:16; Jb 2:7; Zp 1:13 (‖ שְׁמָמָה), cf. Is 42:22 (v 24 see above).

† גְּזֵלָה n.f. plunder, spoil—גְּזֵלָה Lv 5:23 + 3 times; cstr. גְּזֵלַת Is 3:14, גְּזֵלוֹת Ez 18:12;—thing seized, spoil Lv 5:23 (P) Ez 33:15; גְּזֵלַת הֶעָנִי Is 3:14; as acc. cogn. Ez 18:7, 12, 16.

† גָּזֵל n.[m.] robbery—abs. גָּזֵל Lv 5:21 + 3 times + Ez 18:18 cf. infr.; cstr. גֵּ֫זֶל Ec 5:7 Ez 18:18 (but cf. infr.);—robbery Lv 5:21 (P) ψ 62:11 (‖ עֹשֶׁק) Is 61:8; = thing plundered, taken as plunder, as acc. cogn. Ez 22:29 (גָּזַל גָּזֵל); fig. גֵּזֶל משפט = wresting of justice (cf. Is 10:2) Ec 5:7—Ez 18:18 has גֵּזֶל אָח, but 𝔊 Co del. אח; read then גָּזֵל.—Cf. LagBN 172.

ἁρπαγ-ή, ἡ, seizure, robbery, rape, first in Refs 6th c.BC+; ὀφλὼν ἁρπαγῆς δίκην found guilty of rape, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁρπαγὴν ποιεῖσθαι, ποιεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+: plural, of a single act, συνεπρήξαντο τὰς Ἑλένης ἁ.Refs 4th c.BC+; Καδμείων ἁ., of the Sphinx, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II thing seized, booty, prey, τοῦ φθάσαντος ἁ.Refs 4th c.BC+; ἁ. κυσί, θηρσί, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁρπαγὴν ποιεῖσθαί τι to make booty of a thing. Refs 5th c.BC+ __III greediness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV ἐν ἁρπαγῇ σελήνης when the moon is invisible, Refs

† גָּזֵל n.[m.] robbery—abs. גָּזֵל Lv 5:21 + 3 times + Ez 18:18 cf. infr.; cstr. גֵּ֫זֶל Ec 5:7 Ez 18:18 (but cf. infr.);—robbery Lv 5:21 (P) ψ 62:11 (‖ עֹשֶׁק) Is 61:8; = thing plundered, taken as plunder, as acc. cogn. Ez 22:29 (גָּזַל גָּזֵל); fig. גֵּזֶל משפט = wresting of justice (cf. Is 10:2) Ec 5:7—Ez 18:18 has גֵּזֶל אָח, but 𝔊 Co del. אח; read then גָּזֵל.—Cf. LagBN 172.

ἀκρο-θίνιον [θῑ], τό, Refs 5th c.BC+; mostly plural ἀκρο-θίνια or ἀκρό-θῑνα, Refs 5th c.BC+: singularἄκρο-θις, ἡ, accusative -θιναRefs 4th c.BC+: (ἄκρος, θίς):—topmost or best part of heap; hence, firstfruits of the field, booty, etc., offered to the gods, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀκρόθινα πολέμου, in Refs 5th c.BC+, of the Olympic games, as founded from spoils taken in war, compare Refs.—Properly neuter adjective, Refs 4th c.BC+ offerings of firstfruits. Post-Refs 8th c.BC+

σκῦλον, τό, mostly in plural σκῦλα, arms stripped off a slain enemy, spoils, Refs 5th c.BC+; σκῦλα γράφειν to write one's name on arms gained as spoils, which were then dedicated to a deity, Refs 5th c.BC+: less frequently in singular, booty, spoil, prey, σκῦλον οἰωνοῖσιν Refs 5th c.BC+

† בַּז n.[m.] spoiling, robbery; spoil, booty—בּ׳ abs. Nu 14:3 +; so also Ez 25:7 Qr (Kt בג meaningless); בַּ֑ז Je 2:14 +; but הַבָּ֔ז Nu 31:32 v. d. H.; sf. בִּזָּהּ Ez 29:19;— 1. spoiling, robbery, לְב׳ i.e. to be plundered, despoiled Ez 7:21 (of temple ‖ שָׁלָל) 23:46. 2. spoil, booty, plunder Is 10:6; 33:23 Ez 29:19; 38:12, 13 (all acc. cogn. ‖ שָׁלָל); cf. Nu 31:32 Je 15:13; 17:3; in phr. הָיָה לָבַז Je 49:32 (of camels) Ez 36:4 cf. v 5; also of human beings Nu 14:3, 31 Dt 1:39 Je 2:14 (all היה לב׳) + 2 K 21:14 (‖ מְשִׁסָּה) Is 42:22 (‖ id.) Je 2:14, cf. 30:16 (‖ מְשִׁסָּה); also Ez 25:7 Qr, 26:5 (היה לב׳; both in personif.); fig. of Isr. as sheep Ez 34:8, 22 (both היה לב׳) v 28 היה בז (no לְ). On Is 8:1, 3 מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז v. מהר" dir="rtl" >מהר.