H0584 H0584
To groan or sigh in anguish; as a substantive, one who groans or laments.
A verb that gives voice to deep suffering -- the sound wrung from people under unbearable affliction. When Israel groaned under Egyptian slavery, this is the word used (Exod 2:23). Lamentations deploys it repeatedly to capture Jerusalem's agony after the destruction of the temple (Lam 1:4, 1:8). Spanish 'gemir' and French 'gemir' both preserve the audible, visceral quality of the groan. In one striking instance, Ezekiel 9:4 uses the participle as a noun -- 'the sighing ones' -- to identify a category of righteous mourners whom God marks for protection amid judgment.
Senses
1. groan or sigh in distress — To emit an audible groan or sigh expressing grief, pain, or anguish. This covers the vast majority of occurrences, from Israel's collective groaning under Egyptian bondage (Exod 2:23) to the withering of joy itself in Isaiah 24:7. Lamentations 1:4 and 1:8 use it for Jerusalem personified as a groaning woman. Proverbs 29:2 pairs it with national oppression: when the wicked rule, the people groan. Spanish 'gemir/gimen,' French 'gemissant,' and German forms all converge on an involuntary vocal expression of suffering, distinct from deliberate speech. 11×
AR["تَئِنُّ", "تَتَنَهَّدُ", "تَنَهَّدَ", "تَنَهَّدَتْ", "تَنَهَّدْ", "فَ-تَنَهَّدَ", "مُتَنَهِّدَةٌ", "يَتَأَوَّهُ", "يَتَنَهَّدُونَ"]·ben["ও-আর্তনাদ-করল", "দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেল", "দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলছ", "দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলছি", "দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলছে", "দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলে", "দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলেছে"]·DE["[האנח]", "[נאנח]", "[נאנחו]", "[תאנח]", "seufzt", "sie-seufzt", "und-sie-seufzte"]·EN["I-groan", "and-they-groaned", "are-groaning", "groan", "groans", "sigh"]·FR["et-ils-gémit", "gémir", "gémissant", "gémissante"]·heb["היאנח", "ו-יאנחו", "יאנח", "נאנח", "נאנחה", "נאנחו", "נאנחים", "תיאנח"]·HI["और-आह-भरी", "कराह", "कराह-रहा-है", "कराह-रहे-हैं", "कराहती", "कराहती-हूँ", "कराहती-है", "कराहते-हैं"]·ID["aku-mengeluh", "dan-mengeluhlah", "mengeluh", "mengeluhlah"]·IT["[האנח]", "[נאנח]", "[נאנחה]", "[תאנח]", "e-essi-gemette", "gemere", "groans"]·jav["kawula-sesambat", "lan-sami-sesambat", "ngresula", "ngresula,", "ngresula?", "sambat", "sesambat"]·KO["그리고-탄식했다", "탄식하고", "탄식하느냐", "탄식하는-자-라", "탄식하는고", "탄식하다", "탄식하며", "탄식하여라", "탄식하였으니"]·PT["e-gemeram", "geme", "gemem", "gemendo", "gemerás", "gemes", "gemeu", "gemo"]·RU["вздыхает", "вздыхаю", "вздыхают", "вздыхающие", "и-вздыхали", "и-скажешь", "стенай", "стонет"]·ES["gime", "gimen", "gimes?", "gimieron", "gimo", "y-gimieron"]·SW["analia", "hulia", "lia", "na-wakalia", "ninaugua", "unalia", "wanalia", "wanaugua", "yanavyougua"]·TR["inle", "inledi", "inlediler", "inler", "inleyen", "inliyorsun", "inliyorum", "ve-inlediler"]·urd["آہیں-بھر", "آہیں-بھرتا-ہے", "آہیں-بھرتی-ہوں", "آہیں-بھرتی-ہے", "آہیں-بھرتے", "آہیں-بھریں", "اور-آہیں-بھریں", "کراہتے-ہیں"]
2. the groaning one (substantival) — Used substantivally with the definite article to designate a class of persons: 'the groaning ones,' those who sigh and lament over moral corruption. Found in Ezekiel 9:4, where God commands a scribe to mark the foreheads of those who 'sigh and groan' over the abominations in Jerusalem. Spanish 'los que gimen' (those who groan) captures the nominal function. This single occurrence turns a verbal action into an identity -- the groaners become a recognized group whom God shields from the coming slaughter. 1×
AR["الـ-مُتَنَهِّدينَ"]·ben["যারা-দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলছে"]·DE["[הנאנחים]"]·EN["the-sighing"]·FR["gémir"]·heb["ה-נאנחים"]·HI["आहें-भरनेवालों"]·ID["yang-mengeluh"]·IT["[הנאנחים]"]·jav["ingkang-sambat"]·KO["그-탄식하는"]·PT["os-que-suspiram"]·RU["вздыхающих"]·ES["los-que-gimen"]·SW["wanaolia"]·TR["ve-inleyenlerin"]·urd["آہیں-بھرنے-والوں"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אֲנָחָה n.f. sighing, groaning (poet. & late);—abs. ψ 31:11 +; sf. אַנְחָתִי Jb 3:24 +; אַנְחָתָהֿ Is 21:2 (sf. with Raphe). Pl. sf. אַנְחֹתַי La 1:22;—sighing, groaning, in distress, physical or mental Jb 3:24 (‖ שְׁאָגָה), 23:2 (‖ שִׂיחַ), ψ 6:7; 38:10 (‖ תַּאֲוָה), Is 21:2, La 1:22; ‖ יָגוֹן ψ 31:11; Is 35:10; 51:11 Je 45:3; קוֹל א׳ ψ 102:6.