φων-έω G5455
To call, summon, cry out; of a rooster, to crow
Rooted in the noun phone ('voice, sound'), this verb covers the full range of vocal production. Most often it means to call someone by name or summon them to come (Matt 20:32; Mark 9:35). Its most memorable use is the rooster's crow that sealed Peter's denial (Matt 26:34, 74). In a handful of passages it describes impassioned shouting or crying out (Luke 23:46). Spanish splits the senses neatly: 'llamar' for summoning, 'cantar' for crowing, and 'clamar' for crying out.
Senses
1. to call or summon — To call someone by name or summon them to come. Jesus calls Lazarus forth (John 12:17), the blind man is summoned (Mark 10:49), and workers are called to receive wages (Matt 20:32). Spanish 'llamar' and German 'rufen' consistently mark this interpersonal summoning sense across all 24 occurrences. 24×
AR["اُنَادِي", "تَدْعُ", "دَعَاهُ", "ناداهُما", "نادَوا", "نَادَتْ", "نَادَوْا", "نَادَى", "يَدْعُوكِ", "يُدعى", "يُنادي", "يُنَادِي", "يُنَادِيكَ"]·ben["ডাক", "ডাকছে", "ডাকছেন", "ডাকলেন", "ডাকা-হতে", "ডাকেন", "ডেকে", "তারা-ডাকল", "সে-ডাকে"]·DE["rufen", "ruft"]·EN["They-called", "call", "called", "calling", "calls", "having-called", "he-called", "he-calls", "they-called", "to-be-called"]·FR["appeler"]·heb["לְהִקָּרֵא", "קִרְאִי", "קָרְאָה", "קָרְאוּ", "קָרָא", "קוֹרֵא", "תִּקְרָא"]·HI["पुकअर", "पुकारकर", "पुकारा", "बुला", "बुलाई", "बुलाए-जाने", "बुलाकर", "बुलाता-है", "बुलाया"]·ID["Dia-memanggil", "Ia-memanggil", "Memanggil", "dipanggil", "ia-panggil", "memanggil", "panggillah"]·IT["chiamare"]·jav["Nimbali", "dipunsebut", "nimbali", "nimbali,", "panjenenganipun-nimbali", "sasampunipun-nimbali", "supados-dipun-timbali", "timbala"]·KO["부르고", "부르며", "부르신다", "부르지", "부른다", "불러서", "불러오도록", "불러오라", "불렀다"]·PT["Chamaram", "chama", "chamando", "chamaram", "chames", "chamou", "serem-chamados", "tendo-chamado"]·RU["Позвали", "зови", "зовёт", "позвавшие", "позвавший", "позвал", "позвала", "позвали", "позвать", "позови", "призвав"]·ES["Llamaron", "les-llamó", "llama", "llamando", "llamaron", "llames", "llamándolo", "llamó", "ser-llamados", "te-llama"]·SW["Walimuita", "akamwita", "akiita", "akimwita", "akiwaita", "alimwita", "aliwaita", "anaita", "anakuita", "anamwita", "anamwita-Ēlias", "anawaita", "kuwaita", "mwite", "waitwe", "wakiita,", "waliwaita", "wao"]·TR["seslenerek", "Çağırdılar", "çağrılsın", "çağır", "çağıran", "çağırarak", "çağırdı", "çağırdılar", "çağırmıştı", "çağırıp", "çağırıyor"]·urd["بلا-کر", "بلاتا-ہے", "بلایا", "بلاے-جائیں", "بُلا", "بُلاتا-ہے", "بُلایا", "پُکارتا-ہے", "پکار-کر"]
Matt 20:32, Matt 27:47, Mark 9:35, Mark 10:49, Mark 10:49, Mark 10:49, Mark 15:35, Luke 14:12, Luke 16:2, Luke 19:15, John 1:48, John 2:9 (+12 more)
2. to crow (of a rooster) — The characteristic crowing of a rooster, used exclusively in the Passion narratives concerning Peter's denial. Jesus predicts the cock will crow before Peter denies him three times (Matt 26:34; Mark 14:30). Spanish shifts to 'cantar' (to sing), a natural idiom for bird vocalization, while French retains 'appeler' without distinguishing the animal cry. 12×
AR["أَنْ-يَصيحَ", "صاحَ", "صَاحَ", "يَصيحُ", "يَصِيحَ"]·ben["ডাকতে", "ডাকবে", "ডাকল", "ডাকার", "ডেকে-উঠল।"]·DE["rufen", "ruft"]·EN["crowed", "crows", "to-crow", "will-crow"]·FR["appeler"]·heb["יִקְרָא", "קְרֹא", "קָרָא"]·HI["बाँग-दी", "बाँग-दे", "बाँग-देगा", "बाँग-देने", "बाँग-देने-से", "बांग-दी", "बांग-देने-से", "बोलेगा"]·ID["akan-berkokok", "berkokok"]·IT["chiamare"]·jav["badhé-kluruk", "kluruk", "kluruk,", "kluruk.", "kluruk>"]·KO["울-것이다", "울기", "울기-전에", "울었다", "울지"]·PT["cantar", "cantará", "cante", "cantou"]·RU["запел", "запел.", "пропел", "пропеть", "пропоёт"]·ES["cantar", "cantará", "cante", "cantó"]·SW["akawika", "aliwika", "atawike", "kuwika"]·TR["ötecek", "öter", "ötmeden", "ötmeyecek", "öttü"]·urd["بانگ دی", "بانگ-دی", "بانگ-دینے", "بانگ-دینے-سے", "بانگ-دے-گا", "بولا", "بولے"]
3. to cry out or shout — To cry out, shout, or exclaim with vocal intensity, without necessarily summoning anyone specific. An unclean spirit cries out (Mark 1:26), Jesus calls with a loud voice from the cross (Luke 23:46), and he cries into the crowd 'He who has ears, let him hear' (Luke 8:8). Spanish 'clamar' captures this elevated register distinct from ordinary calling. 7×
AR["صاحَ", "صَرَخَ", "نادى", "نَادَى"]·ben["φωνήσας-চিৎকার-করে", "চিৎকার-করে", "ডাকল", "ডাকলেন"]·DE["rufen", "ruft"]·EN["called", "called-out", "calling", "crying-out", "having-cried", "he-was-calling-out"]·FR["appeler"]·heb["צָרַח", "קָרָא", "קוֹרֵא"]·HI["चिल्लाकर", "पुकारकर", "पुकारा"]·ID["Ia-berseru", "berseru", "berteriak", "ia-memanggil", "memanggil"]·IT["chiamare", "ephōnēsen"]·jav["nguwuh", "sasampunipun-nimbali", "sesambat"]·KO["부르시고", "불러서", "소리지르며", "외쳤다", "외쳤으니"]·PT["Clamou", "clamando", "clamava", "clamou"]·RU["Возкликнул", "возгласил", "воззвав", "воззвал", "воскликнув", "вскрикнув"]·ES["clamaba", "clamando", "clamó", "gritando", "gritó", "habiendo-clamado"]·SW["akalia", "akapaza-sauti", "akiita", "akilia", "alipaza-sauti", "alipiga-kelele"]·TR["bağırarak", "bağırıp", "haykırıp", "seslendi", "seslendi,"]·urd["پُکارا", "پکار-کر", "پکارا", "چلا-کر"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
φων-έω, (φωνή) produce a sound or tone: __I properly of men, speak loud or clearly, or simply, speak, give utterance, Refs 8th c.BC+aorist (present and imperfect only in compounds); ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἀπέβη Refs 8th c.BC+; καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα addressed him with a loud voice in winged words, Refs; φωνοῦντος ἢ ἠχοῦντος ἢ ψοφοῦντος Refs 4th c.BC+; followed by the words spoken, φώνησε…