παρακαθ-ίζω G3869
sit down beside, take a seat next to someone
This verb means to sit down beside or near someone. Luke uses it to describe Mary of Bethany sitting at Jesus' feet to hear his teaching. The prefix para- ('beside') emphasizes proximity and position. The term evokes the posture of a disciple learning from a rabbi—not standing at a distance but seated close, attentive, absorbing instruction. In ancient culture, sitting at someone's feet signaled the learner's humility and the teacher's authority. Mary's choice of posture embodies eager discipleship.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Luke 10:39 describes Mary 'having sat down beside the Lord's feet,' listening to his teaching. The participle captures her deliberate choice to assume the disciple's position. In contrast to Martha's distracted service, Mary's seated posture demonstrates singular focus: she has chosen proximity to Jesus and attention to his word. Her physical position beside his feet mirrors her spiritual position as learner. 1×
AR["جالِسَةً"]·ben["বসে-থেকে"]·DE["παρακαθεσθεῖσα"]·EN["having-sat-beside"]·FR["s'asseoir-auprès"]·heb["יָשְׁבָה"]·HI["बैठकर"]·ID["duduk"]·IT["parakathestheisa"]·jav["lenggah"]·KO["앉아서"]·RU["севши"]·ES["sentándose"]·SW["akiketi"]·TR["yanında-oturup"]·urd["بیٹھ-کر"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
παρακαθ-ίζω, perfect παρακεκαθικέναι Refs 2nd c.AD+:—set beside or near, LXX+5th c.BC+ __2 middle with aorist 1 παρεκαθισάμην, let another sit down beside one, π. παῖδας καὶ γυναῖκας ἑαυτοῖς Refs 4th c.BC+; also π. τινά make him assessor or co-arbiter, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II mostly passive and middle, future -καθιζήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist 2 παρεκαθεζόμην Refs 5th c.BC+; participle…