λῡπ-η G3077
Grief, sorrow, or pain of heart; deep emotional distress, often contrasted with joy.
Lype covers the full spectrum of inner anguish, from acute grief to lingering sadness. Its richest NT concentration appears in the Upper Room discourse, where Jesus tells his disciples that their sorrow will turn to joy, likening it to a woman’s birth pangs (John 16:20-22). Paul writes of a godly sorrow that produces repentance (2 Cor 7:10), distinguishing it from worldly sorrow that leads to death. In Gethsemane, the disciples sleep from lype (Luke 22:45). Spanish tristeza, French tristesse, and German Trauer/Traurigkeit all center on grief of the soul, confirming the word’s essentially emotional register across languages.
Senses
1. grief / sorrow / pain — Deep emotional distress encompassing grief, sorrow, and heartache. The Johannine farewell discourse provides the fullest portrait: sorrow fills the disciples’ hearts at Jesus’ departure but will be transformed into unassailable joy (John 16:6, 20-22). Paul develops a theology of lype, distinguishing a godly sorrow that produces repentance from a worldly sorrow that produces death (2 Cor 7:10). The Gethsemane scene shows its physical toll as the disciples fall asleep from grief (Luke 22:45). Multilingual glosses uniformly select emotion-of-sadness terms, reflecting a single cohesive sense. 16×
AR["أحزانًا", "الحُزنُ", "حُزنًا", "حُزنٍ", "حُزْن", "حُزْنًا", "حُزْنٍ", "حُزْنُ", "حُزْنِ"]·ben["দুঃখ", "দুঃখ,", "দুঃখে", "দুঃখে,", "দুঃখের"]·DE["Trauer", "Traurigkeit"]·EN["grief", "griefs", "of-grief", "pain", "sorrow"]·FR["tristesse"]·heb["עֶצֶב", "צַעַר"]·HI["उदासी", "दुःख", "दुख", "दुख-की", "दुख-से"]·ID["dukacita", "dukacitamu", "kesakitan", "kesedihan", "kesedihan;"]·IT["lupas", "lupēn", "lupēs", "tristezza"]·jav["kaprihatinan,", "kasusahan", "sedhih", "sedhih,", "sisah"]·KO["고통-을", "슬픔", "슬픔-을", "슬픔-의", "슬픔-이", "슬픔들을", "슬픔에", "슬픔에서", "슬픔으로", "슬픔은", "슬픔을", "슬픔이"]·PT["de-tristeza", "tristeza", "tristezas,"]·RU["печали", "скорби", "скорби,", "скорбь", "скорбью"]·ES["de-tristeza", "tristeza", "tristezas"]·SW["huzuni", "huzuni,"]·TR["acılara", "hüzün", "keder", "keder-", "kedere", "kederi", "kederi-", "kederiniz", "o-", "üzüntü", "üzüntüden"]·urd["دکھ", "دکھوں،", "غم", "غم-میں", "غم-کی"]
Luke 22:45, John 16:6, John 16:20, John 16:21, John 16:22, Rom 9:2, 2 Cor 2:1, 2 Cor 2:3, 2 Cor 2:7, 2 Cor 7:10, 2 Cor 7:10, 2 Cor 9:7 (+4 more)
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
λῡπ-η, ἡ, pain of body, opposed to ἡδονή, Refs; also, sad plight or condition, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 pain of mind, grief,Refs 4th c.BC+; τί γὰρ καλὸν ζῆν βίοτον, ὃς λύπας φέρε; Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to χαρά, Refs 5th c.BC+