κᾰπηλ-εύω G2585
peddling, hawking; trading or trafficking in something for profit
This verb means to peddle, hawk, or trade in something, often with negative connotations of commercializing what should not be for sale. In 2 Corinthians 2:17, Paul contrasts himself with many who 'peddle (kapēleuontes) the word of God,' instead speaking 'as persons of sincerity, as from God and in the sight of God.' The term implies corrupting or adulterating the gospel for financial gain—treating sacred truth like merchandise to be sold rather than a message to be faithfully proclaimed. Paul insists he speaks not for profit but from pure motives before God.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Paul employs kapēleuō to denounce those who commercialize the gospel. The Spanish 'que-trafican' (who-traffic) and French 'trafiquant' both carry mercenary overtones. The verb originally meant retail trading but acquired connotations of adulteration—diluting wine, tampering with goods for profit. Paul accuses many preachers of corrupting God's word for personal gain, while asserting his own pure motives: he speaks commissioned by God, accountable to God, not hustling for donations or tailoring his message to please paying audiences. 1×
AR["المُتّاجِرينَ"]·ben["যারা-বিক্রি-করে"]·DE["Haendler"]·EN["peddling"]·FR["trafiquant"]·heb["רוֹכְלִים"]·HI["जो-व्यापार-करते-हैं"]·ID["memperdagangkan"]·IT["commerciare"]·jav["dagang-curang"]·KO["장사하는-자들이"]·PT["que-mercadejam"]·RU["торгующие"]·ES["que-trafican"]·SW["wanaouza"]·TR["o-"]·urd["تجارت-کرنے-والے"]
Related Senses
H5414 1. give, bestow (1855×)H3947 1. take, seize, grasp (Qal) (940×)G2192 1. possess / have (680×)G1325 1. give, bestow (336×)H5159 1. inherited land or property (170×)G2983 1. receive, obtain (134×)H3423 1. Qal: take possession of land (130×)G2983 2. take, take up (113×)G2398 1. one's own, belonging to oneself (91×)G3860 1. hand over, deliver to custody (78×)H7998 1. spoil, plunder, booty (74×)G1325 2. be given, be granted (70×)H5414 2. put, place, set (68×)H7999a 1. pay, repay, recompense (63×)H7069 1. Buy, purchase (59×)H1892 1. vanity, futility, absurdity (58×)H5159 2. heritage as covenant portion (52×)H6299 1. redeem or ransom (Qal active) (49×)H4376 1. Sell (Qal active) (47×)H1350a 1. Redeem, buy back (46×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κᾰπηλ-εύω, to be a retail-dealer, drive a petty trade, Refs 5th c.BC+; δι᾽ ἀψύχου βορᾶς σίτοις καπήλευ᾽ drive a trade, chaffer with your vegetable food, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II with accusative, sell by retail, τὸν ἕρπιν Refs 6th c.BC+ __II.2 metaphorically, κ. τὰ πρήγματα, of Darius, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. τὰ μαθήματα sell learning by retail, hawk it about, NT+5th c.BC+; so ἔοικεν οὐ καπηλεύσειν μάχην…