This verb means to look down upon, observe clearly, or perceive with understanding. In Romans 1:20, Paul argues that God's invisible attributes 'have been clearly seen (kathoratai), being understood through what has been made.' The verb implies not casual glancing but careful observation that leads to knowledge. Creation itself functions as revelation—the visible world discloses the invisible God with sufficient clarity that humanity is 'without excuse' for suppressing this knowledge. Natural theology has evidential force because God has made himself kathoratai through his works.