Boldness and Openness

παρρησί-α, ἡ, (πᾶς, ῥῆσις) outspokenness, frankness, freedom of speech, claimed by the Athenians as their privilege, ἐλεύθεροι παρρησίᾳ θάλλοντες οἰκοῖεν πόλιν κλεινῶν Ἀθηνῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔχειν π. Refs 5th c.BC+; δημοκρατίας οὔσης οὐκ ἔστι π. Refs 5th c.BC+; περὶ παρρησίας, title of work by Philodemus. __2 in bad sense, licence of tongue, ἡ εἰς τοὺς θεοὺς π. Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 freedom of action, Refs 5th c.AD+; π. ζωῆς καὶ θανάτου power of life and death, Refs; licence, permission, Refs 6th c.AD+; παρρησίᾳ ἐκτέμνεται τὸ δέρμα without fear, Refs 6th c.AD+; ἤγαγον ὑμᾶς μετὰ παρρησίας openly, LXX __4 liberality, lavishness, κεκόσμηκε τὸν αὑτοῦ βίον τῇ καλλίστῃ π. Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπὶ τῇ.. τῶν καμάτων καὶ πάσης ἐπιμελείας παρρησίᾳ Refs 3rd c.AD+; = copia, Refs

παρρησι-άζομαι, future -άσομαιLXX+5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπαρρησιασάμην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect (see.below): used only in Prose:—speak freely, openly, Refs 5th c.BC+; τιRefs 5th c.BC+perfect πεπαρρησίασμαι in active sense, ἂ γιγνώσκω πάνθ᾽ ἁπλῶς.. πεπ. Refs 4th c.BC+ [prev. cited]; but τὰ πεπαρρησιασμένα in passive sense, free expressions, Refs 5th c.BC+ —once in active Refs

δημόσιος, Doric dialect δᾱμ-, α, ον (ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+, belonging to the people or state, κτέανα Refs 6th c.BC+; χώρα, opposed to ἱερά, ἰδία, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ ἱερὰ τὰ δ., opposed to ἰδιωτικά, Refs; ἀγῶνες, δίκαι, Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. λόγος, = Latin fiscus, Refs; δημόσιον εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, to be, become state-property, be confiscated, Refs 5th c.BC+ __b used by the public, βαλανεῖα, λουτρόν, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __2 common, δημοσιώτατος τρόπος, τόπος, Refs 4th c.BC+epidemic, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as substantive: __II.a δημόσιος (i.e. δοῦλος), ὁ, any public slave or servant, as, the public crier, Refs 5th c.BC+; policeman, Refs 5th c.BC+; public notary, ={γραμματεύς}, Refs 4th c.BC+; public executioner, Refs 1st c.BC+: generally, public official, τὸν ἀρχέφοδον καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους δημοσίους Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.b public victim, ={φάρμακος}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.c harlot, prostitute, Refs 7th c.BC+ __III neuter, δημόσιον, τό, the state, Refs 5th c.BC+public officials, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.b public building, hall, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.c treasury, ={τὸ κοινόν, ἀργύριον ὀφείλοντες τῷ δ}. Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.d the public prison, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 τὰ δ. public archives, Refs __III.2.b public dues, taxes, in plural, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __IV feminine, δαμοσία (i.e. σκηνή), ἡ, tent of the Spartan kings: hence οἱ περὶ δαμοσίαν the king's council, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V as adverb: __V.1 dative δημοσία, Ionic dialect -ίῃ, at the public expense, Refs 5th c.BC+; by public consent, Refs 4th c.BC+; on public service, δ. ἀποδημεῖν Refs; δ. κρίνειν try in the public courts, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. τεθνάναι to die by the hands of the public executioner, Refs 4th c.BC+ __V.2 as a community, opposed to ἰδίᾳ, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.3 commonly, popularly, τὰ δ. νομιζόμενα ἀγαθά Refs 2nd c.AD+ __V.4 regular adverb -ίωςRefs 2nd c.AD+; on public business, καταπλεῦσαι Refs 3rd c.BC+

† I. [פָּרַשׁ] vb. make distinct, declare (NH separate oneself, Pi. separate, explain, so Aramaic פְּרַשׁ, especially Pa.; Syriac ܦܪܰܫ separate, distinguish, explain, cf. Mand., NöM 221);— Qal Inf. cstr. לִפְרשׁ לָהֶם עַל־פִּי י׳ Lv 24:12 (P) to declare distinctly to them. Niph. Pt. נִפְרָשׁוֹת Ez 34:12 read prob. -שׂוֹת, v. פָּרַשׂ" dir="rtl" >פרשׂ. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. פֹּרַשׁ Nu 15:34 (P) what should be done to him had not been distinctly declared; Pt. מְפֹרָשׁ Ne 8:8 made distinct (cf. Biblical Aramaic Ezr 4:18), v. BeRy KöEinl. 99, > interpreted, Ke al., BerlinerT. Onk.ii. 74.

† צַח adj. dazzling, glowing, clear;—חֹם צַת Is 18:4 glowing heat; רוּחַ צַח Je 4:11 glowing wind; דּוֹדִי צַח וְאָדוֹם Ct 5:10 my beloved is dazzling (white) and ruddy (cf. La 4:7); fpl. לְדַבֵּר צַחוֹת Is 32:4 to speak clear (words), clearly.

διαβλέπω, stare with eyes wide open, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. εἴς τινα, πρός τινα, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 see clearly, Refs 4th c.BC+: with infinitive, διαβλέψεις ἐκβαλεῖν τὸ κάρφος NT

Included with: φᾰνερός, ά, όν, but ός, όν, Refs 5th c.BC+: (φαίνω):— visible, manifest, ἡ στήλη ἔχει πάντα φ., i.e. all that is in it can be plainly seen, Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. θάνατος, ὄλεθρος, opposed to ἀφανής, Refs 5th c.BC+if detected, Refs 5th c.BC+ — Constr.: φανερός εἰμι with participle, ἀπικόμενοι φανεροί εἰσι they are known to have come, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰ φανερὸν γίγνοιτο ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 shining, illustrious, προεδρίη Refs 6th c.BC+; conspicuous, remarkable, φ. μηδὲν κατεργάζεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 φ. οὐσία real property, opposed to personalty (ἀφανής), Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.b property in possession (opposed to in action), Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.c in hand, in cash, μηδὲν φανερὸν κεκτῆσθαι to have no cash in hand, Refs 5th c.BC+; φανερόν τι a certain sum of money, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 of votes, φ. ψήφῳ by open vote, opposed to κρύβδην (ballot), Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 adverb -ρῶς openly, manifestly, βουλόμενος φ. Refs 5th c.BC+; φ. ἐρᾶν, opposed to λάθρᾳ, Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative, φανερώτερον ἐκπολεμεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; -τέρως Refs 4th c.BC+ __5.b τὸ φ. frequently with Preps. in adverb sense, ἐκ τοῦ φ. openly, Refs 5th c.BC+; πολέμιος οὐκ ὢν ἐκ τοῦ φ. not openly declared, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ ἐς τὸ φ. λεγόμεναι αἰτίαι, Refs; τὸν σῖτον φέρειν ἐς τὸ φ. into public, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ φανεροῖς ξυνελθεῖν on public, acknowledged terms, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of persons, manifest, conspicuous, εἰ [Διόνυσος καὶ Πὰν] φ. ἐγένοντο ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι Refs 5th c.BC+persons of distinction, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 open, frank, opposed to ἐπίβουλος, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III = τις, φ. χρέα certain debts, Mitteis Refs 5th c.AD+

† [באר] vb. only Pi. make distinct, plain (so NH, Aramaic; LagBN 58 prop. for Qal בָּאֵר, בָּאֹר, cf. deriv. infr.; Thes & most comp. Arabic بَأَرَ dig a pit or well, but this prob. denom. v. Lagl.c.)— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. בֵּאֵר Dt 1:5, Imv. בָּאֵר Hb 2:2; Inf. abs. בַּאֵר Dt 27:8 (cf. Bö§393, 4)—make distinct, plain, of letters on tablets Hb 2:2 כְּתֹב חָזוֹן וּבָאֵר עַל־הַלֻּחוֹת לְמַעַן יָרוּץ קוֹרֵא בוֹ, i.e. so that one may run past and (still) read; or, so that one may read swiftly; on stones Dt 27:8וְכָתַבְתָּ עַל־הָאֲבָנִים … בַּאֵר הֵיטֵב and thou shalt write upon the [whitewashed] stones all the words of this law, doing it plainly and well; fig. explain, expound Dt 1:5 הוֹאִיל מֹשֶׁה בֵּאֵר הַתּוֹרָה Moses began (and) expounded the law.

θάρσος, Attic dialect θάρρος, Aeolic dialect θέρσος (which see), εος, τό, (θρασύς) courage, Refs 8th c.BC+; θ. τινός courage to do a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+: with genitive, courage against.. , πολεμίων Refs 5th c.BC+; θ. ἴσχε take courage! NT+8th c.BC+; τῷ δ᾽ ἐνὶ θυμῷ θῆκε.. θRefs 8th c.BC+; παρασχεῖν, ἐμποιεῖν τινι, Refs 5th c.BC+; θ. ἐγγίγνεται, ἐμπίπτει τινί, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 that which gives courage, ὀλολυγμόν.., θάρσος φίλοις Refs 4th c.BC+ grounds of confidence, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II rarely in bad sense, ={θράσος}, audacity, θάρσος ἄητον ἔχουσα Refs 8th c.BC+; μυίης θάρσος ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐνῆκεν the reckless persistence of a fly, Refs.—On the different of θάρσος and θράσος, see at {θράσος}.

καθορ-άω, Ionic dialect κατ-, imperfect καθεώρων Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. singular κατώρα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect καθεώρακα Refs 5th c.BC+: future κατόψομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: 3rd.pers. singular perfect κατῶπται Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 κατώφθην Refs: for aorist active, see at {κατεῖδον}:— look down, ἐξ Ἴδης καθορῶν Refs 8th c.BC+:— middle, ἐπὶ Θρῃκῶν καθορώμενος αἶαν Refs 8th c.BC+ __II transitive, look down upon, ὅσους θνητοὺς ἠέλιος καθορᾷ Refs 6th c.BC+:—middle, Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 have within view, see distinctly, descry, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 behold, observe, perceive, Refs 5th c.BC+; καθορᾶν τι ἔν τινι to observe something therein, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵν᾽ ἃ πανουργεῖς μὴ καθορᾷ σου that he may not observe thy knavish tricks, Refs 5th c.BC+; also κ. τὰς τρίχας εἰ.. to look and see whether.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 explore, τὰ ἄλλα Refs __II.5 regard, reverence, τὸ τοῦ θεοῦ κράτος LXX

Included with: ῥητ-ός, ή, όν, (ἐρῶ) stated, specified, covenanted, μισθῷ ἔπι ῥ. Refs 8th c.BC+; παρεῖναι ἐς χρόνον ῥ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν ἡμέραις ῥ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ῥ. ἀργύριον a stated sum, Refs; ἐπὶ ῥητοῖσι, Attic dialect ἐπὶ ῥητοῖς, on stated terms, on certain conditions, according to covenant, Refs 5th c.BC+; ῥ. ἀπόκρισις a distinct, definite answer, Refs 2nd c.BC+, fixed date for a lawsuit, Refs 3rd c.BC+; so perhaps ἀπὸ ῥητῶν Refs 6th c.BC+ adverb -τῶς expressly, distinctly, NT+5th c.BC+: superlative ῥητότατα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 spoken of, famous, ῥητοί τ᾽ ἄρρητοί τε Refs 8th c.BC+ __3 of language, in common use (= συνήθης), Refs 2nd c.AD+. adverb -τῶςRefs 5th c.BC+ __II that may be spoken or told, εἰ ῥητόν, φράσον Refs 4th c.BC+; ἦ ῥητό; ἢ οὐχὶ θεμιτὸν ἄλλον εἰδένα; Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐδῶν ἀνόσι᾽ οὐδὲ ῥητά μοιRefs; δεινὸν γάρ, οὐδὲ ῥ. Refs __II.2 that can be spoken or enunciated, συλλαβή Refs 5th c.BC+; communicable in words, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III in Mathematics texts, rational, of magnitudes, opposed to surds (ἄλογα), ῥητὰ πρὸς ἄλληλα Refs 3rd c.BC+ “*Deff.” 128; in Metric, ῥ. πούς, opposed to ἄλογος, Refs 3rd c.AD+; see at {ἄρρητος} IV. __IV τὸ ῥ. the precise, literal contents of a document, the letter of the law, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ῥητός literal, opposed to allegorical, Refs 1st c.AD+ __V ={ῥῆμα} Refsa living thing, Hebrew dâvâr, LXX

Included with: τηλαυγ-ής, ές, (τῆλε, αὐγή) far-shining, far-beaming, πρόσωπον, of the sun, Refs; φάος, φέγγος, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀκτίς, ἀκτίνων σέλας, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρόσωπον θέμεν τ. to make it beam from afar, Refs luminous meaning, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II of distant objects, far-seen, conspicuous, σκοπιή Refs 6th c.BC+; of leprosy, LXX __III far-seeing, αἴσθησις, ψυχή, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb -γῶς, τηλαυγέστερον ὁρᾶν to see more clearly, NT+1st c.BC+

† [פְּרַשׁ] vb. make distinct (cf. BH (chiefly late));— Pa. Pt. pass. Ezr 4:18 made distinct (BH Ne 8:8; 𝔗 NH).