καθίζω G2523
To sit down, take a seat; causatively, to seat someone; also to stay, remain, or settle in a place
Kathizo covers the full arc from the physical act of sitting to the authoritative act of being enthroned. When Jesus 'sat down' on the mountain, he assumed the teacher's posture of authority (Matt 5:1). The causative sense appears when God 'seated' Christ at his right hand (Eph 1:20)—Spanish sentado and German sich setzen both capture the reflexive dignity of the act. A less common but significant sense means to stay or remain in a place, as when Jesus told the disciples to 'stay in the city' until clothed with power (Luke 24:49), or when Paul 'settled' in Corinth for eighteen months (Acts 18:11).
Senses
1. sit down, take a seat — The basic intransitive sense: to sit down or assume a seated position. Jesus sits to teach (Matt 5:1), sits by the sea (Matt 13:48), and promises the disciples they will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes (Matt 19:28). The seated posture carries authority in the ancient world—a judge, a teacher, a king sits. French asseoir and German sich setzen reflect this fundamental physical action. 41×
AR["اِجْلِسْ", "جالِسًا", "جَالِسًا", "جَلَسنا", "جَلَسَ", "جَلَسُوا", "جَلَسْتُ", "يَجْلِسُ"]·ben["তিনি-বসলেন", "বসলেন", "বসিয়া", "বসে", "বসেছে"]·DE["setzt-sich", "sich-setzen"]·EN["has-sat", "having-sat", "having-sat-down", "he-sat", "he-sat-down", "sat", "sat-down", "sitting", "sitting-down"]·FR["asseoir"]·heb["יָשְׁבוּ", "יָשַׁב", "יָשַׁבְנוּ", "יוֹשֵׁב", "שֵׁב"]·HI["बैठ-गया", "बैठकर", "बैठा", "बैथकर"]·ID["Dia-duduk", "Ia-duduk", "duduk", "duduklah"]·IT["far-sedere", "sedere"]·jav["lenggah", "lenggah,", "numpak", "numpaki;", "panjenenganipun-lenggah", "sampun-lenggah", "sasampunipun-lenggah"]·KO["앉아-서", "앉아서", "앉았다", "앉으셨느니라", "앉으셨다", "앉으시고", "타지-않은", "탄-적이-없는"]·PT["assentou-se", "sentando-se", "sentando-te", "sentou", "sentou-se", "tendo-nos-sentado,", "tendo-se-sentado", "tendo-sentado"]·RU["Он-сел", "не-садился", "садился", "сев", "севши", "севшие", "сел", "сел,"]·ES["habiendo-sentado", "habiéndome-sentado", "habiéndose-sentado", "se-ha-sentado", "se-sentó", "sentándonos", "sentándose", "sentándote"]·SW["akaketi", "akikaa", "akikaa-chini", "akiketi", "aliketi", "ameketi", "amemkalia", "nikiketi", "tukiketi", "ukikaa", "wakikaa"]·TR["oturan", "oturarak", "oturdu", "oturmadı", "oturup"]·urd["بیٹھ-کر", "بیٹھ-گیا-", "بیٹھا", "لے-جانے", "وہ-بیٹھ-گیا"]
Matt 5:1, Matt 13:48, Matt 19:28, Matt 20:21, Matt 20:23, Matt 23:2, Matt 25:31, Matt 26:36, Mark 9:35, Mark 10:37, Mark 10:40, Mark 11:2 (+29 more)
2. seat, cause to sit — The transitive or causative sense: to seat someone else, to cause another to sit. God 'seated' (ekathisen) Christ at his right hand in the heavenly places (Eph 1:20). In Acts 2:30, David knew God would 'seat' one of his descendants on his throne. Paul asks in 1 Corinthians 6:4 why the Corinthians 'seat' those of least esteem as judges. This sense elevates the physical act into the realm of appointment and enthronement. 3×
AR["أَجلَسَهُ", "أَجْلِسوا", "أَنْ-يُجْلِسَ"]·ben["বসাইতে", "বসাও?", "বসিয়ে"]·DE["setzt-sich", "sich-setzen"]·EN["having-seated", "to-seat", "you-seat"]·FR["asseoir"]·heb["הוֹשִׁיב", "לְהוֹשִׁיב", "מוֹשִׁיבִים"]·HI["एक", "बिथअकर", "बैठाते-हो"]·ID["kamu-dudukkan?", "mendudukkan", "untuk-mendudukkan"]·IT["far-sedere", "sedere"]·jav["bakal-lungguh", "ndudukaken", "panjenengan-lungguhaken?"]·KO["그리고", "앉히신", "압히는냐"]·PT["assentar", "fazeis-sentar", "tendo-feito-sentar"]·RU["посадив", "посадить", "сажаете?"]·ES["sentado", "sentar", "sentáis?"]·SW["akimketisha", "kukaa", "mnawaweka?"]·TR["bunları", "oturtacağını", "oturtan"]·urd["بٹھا-کر", "بٹھاتے-ہو", "بٹھانا"]
3. stay, remain, settle — An extended sense meaning to remain, stay, or settle in a place, where duration rather than posture is the point. Jesus instructs the disciples to 'stay in the city' until power comes (Luke 24:49), and Paul 'remained' in Corinth a year and six months teaching (Acts 18:11). Spanish Permaneció ('he remained') and the contextual emphasis on time distinguish this from mere sitting. 2×
AR["امْكُثوا", "فَأَقَامَ"]·ben["তিনি-থাকলেন", "বস"]·DE["setzt-sich"]·EN["sat", "sit"]·FR["asseoir"]·heb["יָשַׁב", "שְׁבוּ"]·HI["बैठो", "रहा"]·ID["Dia-tinggal", "tinggallah"]·IT["far-sedere", "sedere"]·jav["Lenggah", "kersaa-lerem"]·KO["그가-머물렀다", "앉아-있으라"]·RU["Пробыл", "сидите"]·ES["Permaneció", "sentaos"]·SW["Alikaa", "kaeni"]·TR["Oturdu", "oturun"]·urd["بیٹھے-رہو", "ٹھہرا"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
καθίζω, Ionic dialect κατ-, imperfect κάθιζον Refs 8th c.BC+: future καθέσω Refs 5th c.BC+; καθίσω (intransitive) Refs 2nd c.AD+; Ionic dialect κατίσω (transitive) Refs 5th c.BC+; Attic dialect also καθιῶ Refs 5th c.BC+; Doric dialect καθιξῶ Refs 2nd c.BC+: aorist 1 καθεῖσα Refs 8th c.BC+subjunctive καθέσω Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive καθέσαι Refs 5th c.BC+; poetry κάθεσσα Refs 5th c.BC+ codices;…