ζημι-όω G2210
To suffer loss, forfeit, or be damaged; experiencing the penalty of losing something valuable.
Always passive in the NT, this verb describes suffering loss or forfeiting something precious — not inflicting damage on others but enduring it oneself. Jesus poses the famous question in all three Synoptic Gospels: 'What does it profit someone to gain the whole world and forfeit their own soul?' (Matt 16:26, Mark 8:36, Luke 9:25). Paul uses it of a builder whose shoddy work is burned away, though the builder is saved 'yet so as through fire' (1 Cor 3:15), and of the Corinthians being grieved 'so that you suffered loss from us in nothing' (2 Cor 7:9). The Spanish 'perder/perdiere' captures the forfeiture aspect clearly.
Senses
1. suffer loss, forfeit, be damaged — To suffer loss, forfeit, or be damaged — exclusively passive in the NT, describing the experience of losing something valuable as a penalty or consequence. The Synoptic triple tradition asks what it profits to gain the whole world yet forfeit one's soul (Matt 16:26, Mark 8:36, Luke 9:25), where the Spanish 'perdiere' and French 'perdre' highlight the irreversible forfeiture. In 1 Cor 3:15, a builder suffers loss when his work is consumed by fire, though he himself is saved. In 2 Cor 7:9, Paul rejoices that the Corinthians' godly grief meant they suffered no real loss from his rebuke. 6×
AR["تَتَضَرَّروا", "خاسِراً", "خَسِرْتُ", "سَيَخْسَرُ", "يَخْسَرَ", "يَخْسَرُ"]·ben["ক্ষতি-হবে;", "ক্ষতি-হয়", "ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত-হয়ে", "ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত-হয়েছি", "তোমরা-ক্ষতি-পাও", "হারাতে"]·DE["Schaden-leiden", "ζημιωθείς", "ζημιωθῇ"]·EN["I-have-lost", "having-forfeited", "he-should-forfeit", "he-will-suffer-loss", "to-forfeit", "you-might-suffer-loss"]·FR["perdre", "subir-une-perte"]·heb["הִפְסִיד", "חוֹשֵׁב", "יִנָּזֵק", "יַפְסִיד", "לְהַפְסִיד", "תִּנָּזְקוּ"]·HI["खोये", "मैने-हअनि-उथयि,", "हानि-उठाएगा", "हानि-उठाओ", "हानि-उठाकर", "हानि-उठाना"]·ID["akan-menderita-rugi", "aku kehilangan", "kamu-dirugikan", "kehilangan", "merugikan"]·IT["ezēmiōthēn", "subire-perdita", "zemiothe", "zemiotheis", "zemiothenai"]·jav["badhé-rugi;", "kapitunan?", "karugi", "kula-kelangan", "kècaldal", "panjenengan-rugi"]·KO["잃었노라,", "잃으면", "해-받지-않게", "해를-입으리라", "해를-입으면"]·PT["perder", "perdi", "sofrerá-perda", "tendo-se-prejudicado", "tivésseis-dano"]·RU["лишился", "повредивши", "повредить", "потерпели-ущерб", "потерпит-урон", "потеряет"]·ES["fuerais-dañados", "perder", "perdiere", "sufriendo-pérdida", "sufrirá-pérdida", "sufrí-pérdida"]·SW["akijihasiri", "akipoteza", "atapoteza;", "kuipoteza", "msipate-hasara", "nilipoteza"]·TR["kaybetmek", "kaybetse", "kaybettim", "yanacak", "zarar-görerek?", "zarara uğrayasinız"]·urd["نقصان-اُٹھا-کر", "نقصان-اُٹھاؤ", "نقصان-اُٹھانا", "نقصان-اُٹھایا", "نقصان-اٹھائے-گا", "کھوئے"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ζημι-όω, future -ώσωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἐζημίωσα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἐζημίωκα Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, future ζημιωθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+; more frequently middle ζημιώσομαι in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐζημιώθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἐζημίωμαι Refs 4th c.BC+:—cause loss or do damage to, penalize, πόλιν Refs 5th c.BC+; τοσαύτας ἡμέρας ζημιοῦν τινα to cause one the loss of..,…