ἐπιφων-έω G2019
to shout, cry out, exclaim loudly in response or against someone
In the New Testament, this verb captures the raw energy of a crowd raising its voice—whether in acclamation or hostile protest. At Jesus' trial the people kept shouting for crucifixion (Luke 23:21), while in Acts the crowd of Caesarea hailed Herod with divine honors (Acts 12:22). The Spanish 'aclamaba/gritaban' and French 'crier contre' both highlight the public, declamatory force of the word, which often carries an emotional charge beyond ordinary speech.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To shout loudly in a public setting, especially as a crowd responding to a speaker or event. Used of hostile cries demanding crucifixion (Luke 23:21), acclamatory shouting praising Herod as divine (Acts 12:22), and confused mob outcries where officials cannot discern the charge (Acts 21:34, 22:24). The Spanish split between 'aclamaba' (acclaiming) and 'gritaban' (shouting against) reflects the word's capacity for both positive and negative vocal outbursts. 4×
AR["صَرَخَ", "كانوا-يَصْرُخونَ", "كَانُوا-يَصْرُخُونَ", "كَانُوا-يَصْرُخُونَ-عَلَيْهِ"]·ben["চিৎকার-করছিল", "চিৎকার-করল", "তারা-চিৎকার-করছিল"]·DE["ἐπεφώνει", "ἐπεφώνουν"]·EN["they-were-shouting-against", "were-shouting"]·FR["crier", "crier-contre"]·heb["צָעֲקוּ", "קָרְאוּ", "קָרָא"]·HI["चिल्ला-रहे-थे", "चिल्लाते-रहे", "पुकारा"]·ID["berseru", "berteriak", "mereka-berteriak"]·IT["epephonoun", "gridare-contro"]·jav["bengok,", "bengok-bengok", "mbengok"]·KO["그들이-외치는지", "외쳤다"]·PT["gritavam"]·RU["восклицал", "кричали"]·ES["aclamaba", "gritaban"]·SW["wakaeneza", "walipaza-sauti", "walipiga-kelele,"]·TR["bağırıyordu", "bağırıyorlardı"]·urd["للکار-اُٹھا", "وہ-چلا-رہے-تھے", "چلاتے-تھے", "چلّاتے-تھے"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπιφων-έω, mention by name, tell of, ἐπιφωνεῖν..ἱερὰν θήκην Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, Refs __b add a title, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 say with respect to, τινὶ ἐπιφώνημα Refs 1st c.BC+; apply a phrase to, τινι Refs 2nd c.AD+: frequently of quoted sayings, ἐ. τὸ τραγικόν κτλ. Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 call out, proclaim, exclaim, ἐ. ὡς εὖ ἡμῖν βεβίωται NT+4th c.BC+; ἐ. τινὶ καλῶς λέγεινRefs 1st c.BC+; τῷ παρὰ…