ἐπιτιμ-άω G2008
To rebuke or censure sharply with authority; rarely to issue a stern warning or charge.
A word of authoritative force, ἐπιτιμάω describes the sharp reproof that Jesus directs at demons, diseases, storms, and wayward disciples alike. When Jesus rebukes the wind and sea (Matt 8:26) or silences unclean spirits (Mark 1:25), the verb conveys sovereign command over hostile powers. It also appears in human-to-human rebuke, as when Peter presumes to censure Jesus (Matt 16:22) or the crowd tries to silence blind Bartimaeus (Mark 10:48). Spanish "reprender" and French "réprimander" consistently convey sharp disapproval.
Senses
1. rebuke, censure sharply — The primary sense (28x): to rebuke, censure, or reprove sharply, typically from a position of authority. Spanish "reprender" and German contextual renderings confirm the confrontational force. Jesus rebukes the storm (Matt 8:26), demons (Matt 17:18), and Peter himself (Mark 8:33). Disciples rebuke those bringing children (Matt 19:13), and crowds rebuke the blind men calling for mercy (Matt 20:31). The verb consistently carries the weight of authoritative disapproval. 28×
AR["انتَهَرَ", "انتَهَرَهُ", "انتَهَرَهُما", "انْتَهَرَ", "انْتَهَرَهُ", "انْتَهَرَهُمْ", "انْتَهَرُوهُمْ", "اِنتَهَرَ", "اِنْتَهَرَ", "زَجَروا", "وَبَّخَهُما", "وَبِّخْ-هُ", "يَنْتَهِرُهُ"]·ben["তিরস্কার-কর", "তিরস্কার-করছিল", "তিরস্কার-করতে", "তিরস্কার-করলেন", "ধমক-দিল", "ধমক-দিলেন", "ধমকাতে", "ধমকাল"]·DE["droht", "ἐπετίμησαν", "ἐπετίμησεν", "ἐπιτιμᾶν"]·EN["he-rebuked", "rebuke", "rebuked", "to-rebuke"]·FR["réprimander"]·heb["גָּעֲרוּ", "גָּעַר", "גָּעַר-בָּם", "הוֹכַח", "לְגְעֹר", "לִגְעֹר"]·HI["डाँटते-थे", "डाँटा", "डांट", "डांटने", "डांटा", "दअन्त", "दअन्तन"]·ID["Dia-menegur", "Ia-menegur", "Ia-menghardik", "Menghardik", "Yesus-menghardik", "menegur", "menghardik", "tegur"]·IT["sgridare"]·jav["dukèkna", "mendhem", "ndukani", "ngandika-keras", "nyeneni", "nyèrèp", "panjenenganipun-ndukani", "paring-pèngetan", "sami-ndukani"]·KO["경고했다", "꺼짓기를", "꺼짓으셨다", "꾸짓었다", "꾸짖었다", "꾸짖으라", "꾸짖으셨다", "꾼짖었다", "꾾짓기를", "꾾짓었다"]·PT["a-repreender", "os-repreendeu", "repreende", "repreenderam", "repreendeu"]·RU["Запретил", "выговаривали", "выговори", "запретил", "запретила", "запретили", "упрекать"]·ES["a-reprenderlo", "le-reprendían", "los-reprendió", "reprender", "reprendieron", "reprendió", "reprendían", "repréndele"]·SW["akaikemea", "akamkemea", "alimkemea", "aliukemea", "aliwakataza", "aliwakemea", "kumkemea", "mkemee", "walimkemea", "waliwakemea", "wao"]·TR["azarla", "azarladı", "azarladılar", "azarlamaya"]·urd["تاکید-کی", "ڈانٹ", "ڈانٹا", "ڈانٹنا", "ڈانٹنے"]
Matt 8:26, Matt 16:22, Matt 17:18, Matt 19:13, Matt 20:31, Mark 1:25, Mark 3:12, Mark 4:39, Mark 8:30, Mark 8:32, Mark 8:33, Mark 9:25 (+16 more)
2. sternly warn, charge — A nuanced sense (1x at Matt 12:16): a stern warning or solemn charge, where the emphasis shifts from disapproval of past behavior to a directive about future action. After healing many, Jesus sternly warns them not to make him known. Spanish "les advirtió" (he warned them) and English "he warned" distinguish this from simple rebuke — here the force of the verb is channeled into commanding silence rather than censuring wrongdoing. 1×
AR["أَوصَاهُم"]·ben["ধমক-দিলেন"]·DE["droht"]·EN["he-warned"]·FR["réprimander"]·heb["הִזְהִיר"]·HI["चेतअवनेए-दि"]·ID["memerintahkan"]·IT["sgridare"]·jav["ndhawuhi"]·KO["경고하셨으니"]·RU["запретил"]·ES["les-advirtió"]·SW["aliwakataza"]·TR["uyardı"]·urd["تاکید-کی"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπιτιμ-άω, Ionic dialect and Delph. ἐπιτιμέω, Refs 5th c.BC+:— lay a value upon: hence, __1 show honour to, τινά Hdt. [prev. cited] __2 raise in price, οἶνον ἐ. πολύ Refs 4th c.BC+; τὴν αἴτησιν ἐ. raise the demand, Refs:—passive, rise in price, of corn, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II of judges, lay a penalty on a person, τοῖς ἐξάρνοις ἐ. ταλάντου ἑκάστῳ variant in Refs 4th c.BC+; but ἐ. τὴν ἀρχαίην δίκην…