ἐπηρε-άζω G1908
mistreat, abuse, revile; deal with someone despitefully or insultingly
This verb means to threaten abusively, speak disparagingly of someone, or act despitefully toward them. Classical usage includes insolent opposition and insulting treatment. In the New Testament it appears in contexts of persecution and slander against believers. Jesus commands love toward those who abuse (Matthew 5:44, Luke 6:28), and Peter encourages good conduct to shame those who revile Christians (1 Peter 3:16).
Senses
1. sense 1 — The multilingual glosses emphasize hostile speech and action: Spanish maltratan/ultrajan ('mistreat, abuse'), French maltraiter ('mistreat'), showing this is active persecution. Matthew 5:44 and Luke 6:28 record Jesus' radical command to pray for 'those who abuse/mistreat you,' part of the ethic of enemy-love. 1 Peter 3:16 encourages honorable conduct 'so that those who revile your good behavior in Christ may be put to shame.' The term captures verbal and social abuse directed at believers for their faith. 3×
AR["المُسيئونَ", "المُسيئينَ-إلَيكُم", "مُسِيئِيكُمْ"]·ben["অপমান-করে", "অপমান-করে-যারা", "খারাপ-করছে"]·DE["ἐπηρεάζοντες", "ἐπηρεαζόντων"]·EN["mistreating", "reviling"]·FR["maltraiter"]·heb["הַמַּתְעִילִים", "מַעֲלִילִים", "מַשְׁמִיצִים"]·HI["दुर्व्यवहार-करने-वाले", "दुर्व्यवहार-करनेवालों-के"]·ID["menghina", "yang-memfitnah", "yang-menghina"]·IT["epereazonton", "epēreazontes"]·jav["ingkang-ngala-ala", "ingkang-nganiyaya", "kang-ngina"]·KO["모욕하는-자들", "욕하는-자들이", "학대하는-사람들을"]·PT["insultam", "que-vos-maltratam"]·RU["обижающие", "обижающим", "обижающих"]·ES["que-os-maltratan", "que-os-ultrajan", "que-ultrajan"]·SW["wanaodhulumu", "wanaowachukia", "wanaowatesa"]·TR["karaçalanlar", "kötü-davrananların", "kötülük-edenlerin"]·urd["بدسلوکی-کرنے-والے", "ظلم-کرنے-والوں"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπηρε-άζω, threaten abusively, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative, speak disparagingly of, Refs. __II deal despitefully with, act despitefully towards, with dative person, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; ἐ. ψηφίσμασι καὶ νόμοις oppose them insolently, NT+4th c.BC+ (Tegea, 4th c.BC): absolutely, to be insolent, Refs 6th c.BC+:— passive, to be insulted, Refs 5th c.BC+ —later middle in active sense, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III of the action of disease, Refs 4th c.BC+