ἔκ-δοτος G1560
Given over, delivered up, betrayed; handed over to another's power or authority
This adjective means given up, delivered, or betrayed—handed over to another's power. In Acts 2:23, Peter declares that Jesus was 'delivered by God's determined plan' to be crucified. The term comes from 'to give out/deliver' and classical usage shows it meant betrayed, handed over, or given in marriage. The multilingual evidence (Spanish 'entregado' = handed over, French 'livrer' = deliver) consistently conveys transfer of a person into another's control, often with overtones of betrayal or surrender to hostile powers.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Acts 2:23 describes Jesus as 'given over (ἔκδοτον)' by God's predetermined plan and foreknowledge to be crucified. Spanish 'entregado' (handed over) and French 'livrer' (deliver) both convey transfer into others' power. Classical usage included being betrayed or delivered to enemies, or given in marriage—always involving transfer to another's authority. Here the passive divine sovereignty paradoxically encompasses human betrayal: Jesus was 'handed over' both by divine plan and human treachery, both elements present in Peter's declaration. 1×
AR["مُسَلَّمًا"]·ben["সমর্পিত"]·DE["ἔκδοτον"]·EN["given-over"]·FR["livrer"]·heb["נִמְסָר"]·HI["लेकर"]·ID["diserahkan"]·IT["consegnare"]·jav["kapasrahaken"]·KO["나사렛-사람-을"]·PT["entregue"]·RU["выданного"]·ES["entregado"]·SW["aliyetolewa"]·TR["teslim-edilmişi"]·urd["حوالے-کیا-گیا"]
Related Senses
H5414 1. give, bestow (1855×)H3947 1. take, seize, grasp (Qal) (940×)G2192 1. possess / have (680×)G1325 1. give, bestow (336×)H5159 1. inherited land or property (170×)G2983 1. receive, obtain (134×)H3423 1. Qal: take possession of land (130×)G2983 2. take, take up (113×)G2398 1. one's own, belonging to oneself (91×)G3860 1. hand over, deliver to custody (78×)H7998 1. spoil, plunder, booty (74×)G1325 2. be given, be granted (70×)H5414 2. put, place, set (68×)H7999a 1. pay, repay, recompense (63×)H7069 1. Buy, purchase (59×)H1892 1. vanity, futility, absurdity (58×)H5159 2. heritage as covenant portion (52×)H6299 1. redeem or ransom (Qal active) (49×)H4376 1. Sell (Qal active) (47×)H1350a 1. Redeem, buy back (46×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἔκ-δοτος, ον, given up, delivered, especially betrayed, ἔκδοτόν μιν ἐποίησε ἐς τοὺς Πέρσας Refs 5th c.BC+; γίγνεσθαι NT+5th c.BC+ to give herself entirely up to him, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II given in marriage, Refs 6th c.AD+