ἐκδίδωμι G1554
To lease out, rent; in the middle voice, to let out property (especially a vineyard) to tenants
Though the active form of ekdidomi means 'to give out' or 'to surrender,' every NT occurrence uses the middle voice in the specific sense of leasing agricultural property. All four instances appear in the Parable of the Wicked Tenants (Matt 21:33, 41; Mark 12:1; Luke 20:9), where a landowner plants a vineyard and leases it to tenant farmers. Spanish 'arrendo/arrendara' and French 'louer' consistently render the commercial leasing sense, confirming the agricultural-contractual meaning.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To let out or lease property to tenants, particularly agricultural land under a rental arrangement. In the NT this verb appears exclusively in the Synoptic versions of the Parable of the Wicked Tenants, where a vineyard owner leases his property before traveling abroad (Matt 21:33, Mark 12:1, Luke 20:9) and where judgment involves re-leasing it to worthier tenants (Matt 21:41). The multilingual evidence (spa 'arrendo/arrendara,' fra 'louer,' eng 'leased/rented out') uniformly reflects a contractual landlord-tenant transaction rather than the classical sense of surrender or giving up. 4×
AR["أَجَّرَ", "أَجَّرَهُ", "سَيُؤَجِّرُهُ"]·ben["চাষীদের", "তিনি-ভাড়া-দিলেন", "ভাড়ায়-দিলেন", "ভাড়ায়-দেবে"]·DE["ἐκδώσεται", "ἐξέδετο"]·EN["he-leased-out", "leased", "rented-out", "will-rent-out"]·FR["louer"]·heb["הֶחְכִיר", "הַשְׂכִיר", "יַשְׂכִּיר"]·HI["किराए-पर-दिया", "किराए-पर-देगा", "ठेके-पर-दिया", "सौंप-दिया"]·ID["akan-menyewakan", "menyewakan"]·IT["affittare"]·jav["badhé-dipunsewakaken", "nyewakaken"]·KO["빌려주리라", "빌려주었다"]·PT["arrendará", "arrendou"]·RU["отдал", "отдаст"]·ES["arrendará", "arrendó", "la-arrendó"]·SW["akawakodisha", "alilikodisha", "kwa-wengine", "na"]·TR["kiraladı", "kiralayacak", "kiraya-verdi"]·urd["دے-گا", "ٹھیکے-پر-دیا", "کرائے-پر-دے-دیا", "کرایہ-پر-دیا"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐκδίδωμι, 3rd.pers. singular ἐκδιδοῖ Refs 5th c.BC+:—give up, especiallysomethingseized and detained unlawfully, Ἑλένην καὶ κτήμαθ᾽ ἅμ᾽ αὐτῇ Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, surrender, especially of giving up refugees, Refs; τινὰ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. δοῦλον give up a slave to be examined by torture, Refs 5th c.BC+; surrender a city, Ἀμφίπολιν Refs 4th c.BC+ —middle, θυμὸν ἐκδόσθαι πρὸς ἥβαν…