ἀπειλέω G0546
to threaten, make threats; to speak threateningly or warn with menaces
This verb describes speech intended to intimidate or coerce through warnings of harm. In Acts 4:17, the Sanhedrin debates 'let us threaten them' to silence the apostles' testimony about Jesus. In 1 Peter 2:23, Christ is praised because 'when suffering, he did not threaten.' The word carries the force of using menacing language to control behavior. Classical Greek usage included both promising and threatening (Homer), but biblical usage restricts to the threatening sense. The multilingual glosses (Spanish 'amenazar', French 'menacer') consistently recognize the intimidating character of this speech act, though the German simply provides Greek forms, suggesting recognition of its technical status.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To utter threats or speak words intended to intimidate, coerce, or warn of coming harm. The two New Testament occurrences present contrasting pictures: Acts 4:17 shows religious authorities debating whether to threaten the apostles into silence (ἀπειλησώμεθα, subjunctive expressing deliberation), while 1 Peter 2:23 commends Christ who, despite suffering unjustly, refrained from threatening (ἠπείλει, imperfect negative). Spanish 'amenazar' and French 'menacer' both convey the intimidating force, while English 'threaten' captures the coercive intent. The verb depicts speech designed to control behavior through fear of consequences. 2×
AR["لِنُهَدِّدْهُمَا", "يُهَدِّد"]·ben["হুমকি-দিই", "হুমকি-দিয়েছিলেন"]·DE["ἀπειλησώμεθα", "ἠπείλει"]·EN["let-us-threaten", "threatened"]·FR["menacer", "ἠπείλει"]·heb["אִיֵּם", "נְאַיֵּם"]·HI["अब-और", "धमकी-दी"]·ID["mari-kita-ancam", "mengancam"]·IT["minacciare", "ēpeilei"]·jav["ngancam;", "sumangga-kita-ngancam"]·KO["위협하지", "위협해서"]·PT["ameaçava;", "ameaçemo-los"]·RU["пригрозим", "угрожал;"]·ES["amenacemos", "amenazaba"]·SW["hakutishia", "tuwaonye"]·TR["tehdit-edelim", "tehdit-etmedi"]·urd["دھمکائیں", "دھمکاتا-تھا؛"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀπειλέω, __B3rd.pers.dual imperfect active ἀπειλήτην, Epic dialect for ἠπειλείτην, Refs 8th c.BC+: later Epic dialect present ἀπειλείω Refs 4th c.AD+:— hold out either in the way of promise or threat, and therefore: __B.I sometimes in good sense, promise, οὐδ᾽ ἠπείλησεν ἄνακτι.. ῥέξειν κλειτὴν ἑκατόμβηνRefs 8th c.BC+; also, boast or brag, ὥς ποτ᾽ ἀπειλήσει.1; ἦ μὲν ἀπείλησας βητάρμονας εἶναι…