ἀνάκειμαι G0345
recline at table — to assume the ancient dining posture of reclining on a couch during a meal
Anakeimai reflects one of the most vivid cultural markers in the Gospels: the Greco-Roman practice of reclining on low couches to eat, leaning on the left elbow while eating with the right hand. Every one of its 14 New Testament occurrences describes this communal dining posture — from the tax collectors reclining with Jesus (Matt 9:10) to the wedding guests in the parable (Matt 22:10-11) to the intimate setting of the Last Supper. The Spanish 'recostados' and 'reclinados,' French 'etre a table,' and German 'zu Tisch liegen' all reflect the same physical scene. Though the classical Greek word could mean 'be dedicated' or 'be laid up,' the NT restricts it entirely to table fellowship.
Senses
1. recline at table, be seated for a meal — To recline at a dining table in the ancient posture of lying on one's side on a couch, propped on an elbow — the standard Greco-Roman and Jewish practice for formal meals. All 14 NT occurrences depict communal dining scenes: the banquet with sinners (Matt 9:10), the parable of the wedding feast (Matt 22:10-11), the anointing at Bethany (Matt 26:7), and the Last Supper (Matt 26:20). The verb serves as the functional passive of anatithemai, literally 'to be laid back,' and presupposes the triclinium setting familiar to first-century audiences. 14×
AR["اتَّكَأَ", "المُتَّكِئينَ", "الْمُتَّكِئِينَ", "بِالمُتَّكِئينَ", "مُتَّكِئًا", "مُتَّكِئُ", "مُتَّكِئِينَ"]·ben["বসলেন", "বসা", "বসা-লোকদের", "বসে-আছে", "বসে-থাকতে", "বসে-থাকাদের", "বসে-থাকাদের-দ্বারা", "শোয়া", "শোয়াদের", "সহভোজীদের"]·DE["liegt-zu-Tisch", "zu-Tisch-liegen"]·EN["he-was-reclining", "ones-reclining", "reclining", "reclining-ones", "with-reclining-ones"]·FR["être-à-table"]·heb["הֵסֵב", "הַ-", "מְסֻבִּים", "מֵסֵב"]·HI["चाहा", "बैठते", "बैठने-वालों", "बैठा-था", "बैठा-हुआ", "बैठे-हुए", "बैठे-हुओं-में-से", "बैठे-हुओं;", "बैठों", "बैठों-से", "भोजन-करते-समय"]·ID["Dia-berbaring", "bersandar", "dengan-tamu-tamu", "duduk-bersama", "ketika-berbaring", "sedang-berbaring", "sedang-makan", "tamu-tamu", "yang-duduk", "yang-duduk-makan"]·IT["anakeimenois", "anakeimenon", "anakeimenos", "anakeimenou", "anakeimenous", "anekeito"]·jav["ingkang-lenggah", "ingkang-lenggah-dhahar", "ingkang-lenggah-dhahar,", "ingkang-lenggah-nedha", "ingkang-lenggah-nedha?", "ingkang-linggih;", "lenggah-dhahar", "nalika-lenggah-dhahar", "nalika-sami-lenggah-dhahar", "para-tamu", "para-tamu,", "tamu"]·KO["누운", "누워-있는", "누워-있는-자들-을", "누워-있는-자들로", "식탁에-앉은-자들-중", "앉아-있는", "앉아-있는-자들에게", "앉아-있는-자인가", "앉았다", "앙아-계시니", "함께-앉은-자들,"]·PT["convivas,", "de-convivas.", "estando-reclinado", "estando-à-mesa", "estava-reclinado", "que-estavam-reclinados", "reclinado"]·RU["возлежал", "возлежащего", "возлежащий", "возлежащим", "возлежащими.", "возлежащих", "возлежащих,"]·ES["-recostados", "de-reclinados", "estando-reclinado", "estando-reclinados", "estando-recostados", "reclinado", "reclinados", "reclinándose", "se-reclinaba"]·SW["akiwa-ameketi-mezani", "aliiona", "aliketi-mezani", "alipoingia", "alipokuwa-ameketi-mezani", "ameketi-mezani", "anayeketi-mezani", "wakiwa-wameketi", "wakiwa-wameketi-mezani", "waliokaa", "walioketi-mezani", "walioketi-naye-mezani"]·TR["oturanlara", "oturanlarla", "oturanları", "oturanların", "sofrada-yatarken", "sofrada-yatıyordu", "sofraya-oturan", "sofraya-oturanlardan", "sofraya-oturanların", "uzandığında", "yaslanmış", "yatıp-yemek-yerken"]·urd["بیٹھا", "بیٹھا-ہوا", "بیٹھنے-والا", "بیٹھنے-والوں-میں-سے", "بیٹھنے-والوں-کو", "بیٹھے-ہوئے", "بیٹھے-ہُوئے", "مہمانوں-سے", "مہمانوں-کو", "مہمانوں-کے"]
Matt 9:10, Matt 22:10, Matt 22:11, Matt 26:7, Matt 26:20, Mark 6:26, Mark 14:18, Mark 16:14, Luke 22:27, Luke 22:27, John 6:11, John 12:2 (+2 more)
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀνάκειμαι, poetry ἄγκ-, serving as passive to ἀνατίθημι, to be laid up as a votive offering in the temple, to be dedicated, κρητῆρές οἱ.. ἓξ χρύσεοι ἀνακέαταιRefs 5th c.BC+; λόγος τῷ θεῷ ἀ, Refs 5th c.BC+ __b to be set up as a statue in public, Σόλων ἀνάκειται παράδειγμαRefs 4th c.BC+ __2 to be ascribed or offered, αἱ πράξεις ἀ. τινιRefs 1st c.AD+ __II πᾶν or πάντα ἀνάκειται ἔς τινα everything is…