ἀναιρέω G0337
To kill, put to death, slay; to take away or abolish; to take up, pick up (a child)
Anaireo literally means 'to take up' but in New Testament usage it overwhelmingly means to take a life -- to kill or execute. Herod's slaughter of the innocents (Matt 2:16), the crucifixion of Jesus (Acts 2:23), and the stoning of Stephen (Acts 7:28) all employ this verb. The classical Greek range was wider: to pick up a child for rearing, to annul a law, to carry off prizes. Two of these older senses survive marginally: Hebrews 10:9 uses it for Christ 'taking away' the first covenant to establish the second, and Acts 7:21 recalls Pharaoh's daughter 'taking up' the infant Moses. Spanish captures the spectrum from 'matar' (kill) to 'quitar' (remove) to 'tomar' (take up).
Senses
1. kill, put to death — To kill, slay, or put to death by violent or judicial means -- the dominant New Testament sense. Acts alone uses it over a dozen times for executions and murders (Acts 2:23; 5:33; 7:28; 12:2; 23:15). Spanish 'matar/mataron' and German 'toten' consistently render this lethal sense. The passive 'being put to death' appears in contexts of martyrdom and persecution. 22×
AR["أَن-يَقتُلَ", "أَنْ-يَقْتُلُوهُمْ", "أَنْ-يُقْتَلَ", "الَّذِينَ-يَقْتُلُونَهُ", "تَقْتُلَ", "سَيُبيدُ", "قَتَلَ", "قَتَلُوا", "قَتَلْتَ", "قَتَلْتُمْ", "لَمَّا-كَانُوا-يُقْتَلُونَ", "لِقَتْلِهِ", "لِيَقْتُلُوهُ", "لِيُقْتَلا", "وَ-قَتَلَ", "يَقْتُلونَهُ", "يَقْتُلُوهُ"]·ben["বধ-করবেন", "বধ-করিতে", "বধ-করে", "মারতে", "মারতে-পারে", "মারল", "মেরেছ", "হত্যা-করতে", "হত্যা-করবে", "হত্যা-করলেন", "হত্যা-করিলে", "হত্যাকারীদের", "ἀναιρεθῆναι-হত্যা-করা-হতে"]·DE["toeten", "tötet"]·EN["being-put-to-death", "he-killed", "killed", "killing", "they-kill", "they-killed", "they-might-destroy", "they-might-kill", "to-be-killed", "to-be-put-to-death", "to-kill", "will-slay", "you-killed"]·FR["tuer"]·heb["הֲרַגְתֶּם", "הָרְגוּ", "הָרַג", "הָרַגְתָּ", "הוֹרְגִים", "יְהַרְגוּהוּ", "יַהַרְגוּ", "יַשְׁמִיד", "לְהֵהָרֵג", "לְהָמִית", "לְהָרְגוֹ", "לַהֲרֹג", "נֶהֱרָגִים"]·HI["मअर-देग", "मरवा-डाला", "मार-डालना", "मार-डालने-को", "मार-डाला", "मार-डालें", "मारडालें", "मारना", "मारने", "मारनेवालों-के", "मारा", "मारे-जाने-को", "मारेजातेहुए", "मारेजाने"]·ID["akan-membunuh", "dibunuh", "kamu-bunuh.", "membunuh", "mereka-dapat-membunuh", "untuk-dibunuh", "untuk-membunuh", "yang-membunuh"]·IT["anairethenai", "aneilen", "anelei", "anelosin", "uccidere"]·jav["Mejahi", "bakal-mrawasa", "dipun-pejahi", "ingkang-mejahi", "mejahi", "mejahi-panjenengan", "mejahi;", "panjenengan-sedaya-pejahi.", "sareng-dipejahi", "supados-nyédani", "tiyang-tiyang-punika-mejahi,"]·KO["좽였다", "좽이기-를", "좽일-수-있도록", "죽였다", "죽이기", "죽이기-위해", "죽이기를", "죽이는-자들의", "죽이려고", "죽이려고-하느냐", "죽일-것이다", "죽일지를", "죽임-당할-때에", "죽임을-당하기-위하여", "죽임을-당할", "하나님-으로부터"]·PT["destruirá", "matar", "matar,", "matassem", "mataste", "matastes", "matou", "para-matar", "sendo-mortos"]·RU["быть-убитым", "вы-убили.", "убиваемых", "убивающих", "убил", "убили", "убить", "убьют", "умертвить", "уничтожит"]·ES["matar", "mataran", "mataron", "matará", "mataste", "matasteis", "maten", "mató", "que-lo-mataban", "ser-ejecutados", "ser-matado", "siendo-ejecutados"]·SW["alimuua", "aliua", "atamuangamiza", "kujiua", "kumuua", "kuniua", "kuuawa", "kuwaua", "mlimuua", "ulivyomuua", "walimuua,", "waliomuua", "walipouawa", "wamuue", "wamwangamize", "watakapomuua"]·TR["öldürdü", "öldürdüler", "öldürdün", "öldürdünüz", "öldürecek", "öldüreler", "öldürenlerin", "öldürmek", "öldürmeyi", "öldürsünler", "öldürülmek", "öldürülmek-üzere", "öldürülmelerinde"]·urd["مار-ڈالا", "مار-ڈالنا", "مار-ڈالنے", "مار-ڈالیں", "مارا-جانا", "مارنا", "مارنے-والوں", "مارنے-کا", "مارنے-کی", "مارے-جانے", "مارے-جانے-کو", "مروا-ڈالے", "وہ-نہ-مار-ڈالیں", "ہلاک-کریں", "ہلاک-کرےگا"]
2. take away, remove — To take away, remove, or abolish something from its established place or state. In Hebrews 10:9 Christ 'takes away the first [covenant] to establish the second,' a theological use where removal serves a redemptive purpose. The classical Greek sense of annulling laws or abrogating boundaries lies behind this usage. Spanish 'quita' (he removes) captures the non-violent character. 1×
AR["يَنْزِعُ"]·ben["তিনি-বাতিল-করেন"]·DE["toeten"]·EN["he-takes-away"]·FR["tuer"]·heb["מֵסִיר"]·HI["हटाता-है"]·ID["Dia-menghapuskan"]·IT["anairei"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-ngilangi"]·KO["제거하시니"]·PT["Remove"]·RU["отменяет"]·ES["quita"]·SW["anaondoa"]·TR["Kaldırıyor"]·urd["اٹھاتا-ہے"]
3. take up, pick up — To take up or pick up, especially a child for adoption or rearing -- the oldest sense of the compound (ana + haireo, 'to lift up'). Acts 7:21 preserves this archaic meaning: when Moses was exposed, Pharaoh's daughter 'took him up and reared him as her own son.' Spanish 'tomo' (she took) and the context of nurture distinguish this from the violent primary sense. 1×
AR["أَخَذَتْهُ"]·ben["তুলে-নিলেন"]·DE["tötet"]·EN["took-up"]·FR["tuer"]·heb["הֶאֶסְפָה"]·HI["उठा-लिया"]·ID["mengambil"]·IT["uccidere"]·jav["mundhut"]·KO["데려갔다"]·PT["recolheu"]·RU["взяла"]·ES["tomó"]·SW["alimchukua"]·TR["aldı"]·urd["اُٹھا-لیا"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀναιρέω, perfect ἀνῄρηκα (ἀνειρ-uncertain in Refs: — take up, ἀνελόντες ἀπὸ χθονός having raised the victim from the ground, so as to cut its throat (compare αὐερύω), Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 take up and carry off, bear away, especially prizes, ἀέθλιαRefs 8th c.BC+ __3 simply, take up, παῖδαRefs 5th c.BC+ __4 take up bodies for burial, ἀνελόντες καὶ κατακλαύσαντεςRefs 5th c.BC+; more common in middle,…