ἀδόκιμ-ος G0096
Failing the test, disqualified, worthless; rejected upon examination as not meeting the standard.
Drawn from the language of metal assaying and coin testing, this adjective describes what fails to pass scrutiny and is therefore rejected as counterfeit or substandard. Paul applies it powerfully to the moral-spiritual realm: in Romans 1:28, those who refused to 'approve' (dokimazein) God were handed over to an 'unapproved' (adokimos) mind — a devastating wordplay. In 1 Corinthians 9:27 he fears becoming 'disqualified' after preaching to others. The term recurs three times in 2 Corinthians 13:5-7 as Paul challenges the Corinthians to test whether they are genuine. Spanish 'descalificado/reprobado' preserves both the testing and rejection dimensions.
Senses
1. failing the test, disqualified, worthless — Failing the test, disqualified, rejected upon examination — originally a metallurgical and monetary term for coins that do not pass muster, applied in the NT to persons or minds that prove spiritually or morally counterfeit. In Rom 1:28 Paul deploys a devastating paronomasia: since they did not 'approve' (edokimasan) God, God gave them over to an 'unapproved' (adokimon) mind. In 1 Cor 9:27 he disciplines himself lest he become 'disqualified'; 2 Cor 13:5-7 uses the term three times in urging self-examination. The multilingual renderings (Spanish 'descalificado/reprobado,' French 'réprouvé,' German 'unbewährt') consistently reflect the testing-and-rejection metaphor. 8×
AR["فاسِدٍ", "مَرْفوضاً", "مَرْفوضونَ", "مَرْفوضينَ", "مَرْفوضَةٌ"]·ben["অনুমোদনহীন", "অনুমোদনহীন।", "অযোগ্য"]·DE["unbewahrt"]·EN["debased", "disqualified", "unapproved", "worthless"]·FR["réprouvé", "unbewahrt"]·heb["נִמְאֶסֶת", "פְּסוּלִים", "פָּסוּל"]·HI["अप्रमाणित", "अयोग्य", "नअकअबिल", "नअकअबिल.", "निकम्मे"]·ID["tidak-berguna", "tidak-layak", "tidak-layak.", "tidak-teruji", "yang-gagal", "yang-tak-layak"]·IT["adokimoi", "adokimos", "non-approvato"]·jav["budi-ingkang-rusak", "mboten-katampi", "mboten-lulus", "sanès-pantes", "tanpa-gina", "tanpa-gina."]·KO["부적격한-자들로", "부적격한-자들이", "부적합한-자가", "부적합한-자들", "분별없는", "불합격하고", "실격된-자들"]·PT["reprovada", "reprovado", "reprovados", "reprovados."]·RU["негодная", "негодные", "негодный", "негодным", "неиспытанные"]·ES["descalificado", "descalificados", "reprobada", "reprobados", "réprobos"]·SW["akili-iliyoharibika", "hamkukubaliwa", "imekataliwa", "kukataliwa", "tuliokosa-kukubaliwa", "tuliokosa-kukubaliwa.", "wasio-na-kukubalika"]·TR["reddedilmiş", "sınavda-kalanlar", "yararlanmaz", "yetersiz.", "çürümüş"]·urd["بگڑے-ہوئے", "نا-اہل", "نا-مقبول", "نا-منظور", "نامقبول", "ناپسند", "ناکام"]
Related Senses
H5414 1. give, bestow (1855×)H3947 1. take, seize, grasp (Qal) (940×)G2192 1. possess / have (680×)G1325 1. give, bestow (336×)H5159 1. inherited land or property (170×)G2983 1. receive, obtain (134×)H3423 1. Qal: take possession of land (130×)G2983 2. take, take up (113×)G2398 1. one's own, belonging to oneself (91×)G3860 1. hand over, deliver to custody (78×)H7998 1. spoil, plunder, booty (74×)G1325 2. be given, be granted (70×)H5414 2. put, place, set (68×)H7999a 1. pay, repay, recompense (63×)H7069 1. Buy, purchase (59×)H1892 1. vanity, futility, absurdity (58×)H5159 2. heritage as covenant portion (52×)H6299 1. redeem or ransom (Qal active) (49×)H4376 1. Sell (Qal active) (47×)H1350a 1. Redeem, buy back (46×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀδόκιμ-ος, ον, not legal tender, not current, of coin, Refs 5th c.BC+; not approved, of horses, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 unsatisfactory, unconvincing, of a statement, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __3 disreputable, λακίσματ᾽ ἀδόκιμ᾽ ὀλβίοις ἔχεινNT+5th c.BC+. adverb -μωςRefs 2nd c.AD+ __4 of persons, Refs 5th c.BC+; discredited, reprobate, NT+5th c.BC+