H8649a H8649a
in deceit, treacherously (possibly corrupt text; alternate reading suggests 'to Arumah' as place name)
This term in Judges 9:31 is textually problematic. The Masoretic text reads בְּתָרְמָה, which could mean 'in deceit' or 'treacherously,' but the form is unusual and the meaning awkward in context. Many scholars propose emending to בַּאֲרוּמָה, understanding this as the place name Arumah mentioned in verse 41. If retained as 'in deceit,' it would describe the messengers coming secretly or treacherously to warn Abimelech. The uncertainty is reflected in multilingual translations: Spanish 'en Torma' treats it as a place name, while English 'in deceit' preserves the Masoretic sense. The text likely underwent early corruption.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Uncertain term, possibly meaning 'in deceit' or 'treacherously,' though textual corruption is likely. If the Masoretic reading is correct, Judges 9:31 would describe messengers coming 'in deceit' (secretly, treacherously) to inform Abimelech of Gaal's presence. However, the form is morphologically strange, and the context suggests a place name (Arumah, mentioned in v. 41) is more likely original. English 'in deceit' represents one interpretive tradition; Spanish 'en Torma' treats it as a toponym. The semantic field involves either secret/deceptive action or a geographical location, depending on text-critical decisions. 1×
AR["بِـ-خُفْيَة"]·ben["গোপনে"]·DE["in-deceit"]·EN["in-deceit"]·FR["dans-deceit"]·heb["ב-תרמה"]·HI["छलसे"]·ID["dengan-tipu-daya"]·IT["in-deceit"]·jav["ing-Torma"]·KO["꿔-에서"]·PT["em-Tormah"]·RU["тайно"]·ES["en-Torma"]·SW["kwa-siri"]·TR["gizlice"]·urd["چپکے-سے"]
Related Senses
H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)H5315 1. soul, inner being (647×)H3820a 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (572×)H4672 1. Qal: find, discover (289×)G1492 1. know facts or truths (285×)H3824 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (250×)H1245 1. seek, search for (200×)G1097 1. know, be acquainted with (196×)H2142 1. Qal: remember, recall (173×)G2588 1. heart (inner self, mind, will) (158×)H0977 1. choose, select (Qal active) (145×)G2147 1. find, discover (144×)G5590 1. soul, inner self (100×)H4672 2. Niphal: be found, be discovered (99×)H1875 1. seek, search for (96×)H5315 2. life, vitality (94×)H1847 1. knowledge, discernment (90×)H2450 1. wise, prudent (84×)H7911 1. Qal: to forget (83×)H3684 1. fool, dullard (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† תָּרְמָה in בְּת׳ Ju 9:31 si vera l. in treachery, treacherously, but form strange and meaning unsuitable; read poss. (בַּ)אֲרוּמָה n.pr.loc. (q.v.), cf. v 41 and GFM.