H8463 H8463
diseases, sicknesses; severe or chronic illnesses sent as divine judgment or healed by divine mercy
A plural noun denoting diseases or chronic illnesses, always appearing in contexts of covenant consequence or divine compassion. Deuteronomy warns of terrible 'diseases' upon the disobedient land (Deut 29:22), and Jehoram dies of incurable 'diseases' as divine punishment (2 Chr 21:19). Jeremiah pairs 'diseases of famine' with sword-wounds to depict total devastation (Jer 14:18; 16:4). Yet Psalm 103:3 celebrates the God who 'heals all your diseases' — the same word redeemed by mercy. Spanish 'enfermedades' and French cognates consistently render the medical sense, while the theological arc from curse to healing gives this term its full biblical weight.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Diseases or chronic sicknesses, typically severe afflictions viewed through a theological lens of covenant judgment or divine healing. In Deut 29:22, the land's diseases signal covenant curse; in 2 Chr 21:19, Jehoram's incurable diseases are divine punishment. Jeremiah describes 'diseases of famine' as part of total judgment (Jer 14:18; 16:4). Psalm 103:3 transforms the term into praise — God heals all 'your diseases.' Spanish 'enfermedades' and French equivalents confirm the consistent medical referent across all five occurrences. 5×
AR["أَمراضِكِ", "أَمْرَاضٍ", "أَمْرَاضِهَا", "بِ-آلاَمٍ", "مَرْضَى"]·ben["-রোগে", "তার-রোগগুলি", "তোমার-রোগগুলিকে", "রোগী-", "রোগের"]·DE["[בתחלאים]", "[תחלאים]", "[תחלואי]", "dein-diseases", "sein-sicknesses"]·EN["diseases", "its-sicknesses", "sicknesses-of", "with-diseases", "your-diseases"]·FR["[בתחלאים]", "[תחלאים]", "[תחלואי]", "maladie", "son-sicknesses"]·heb["ב-תחלאים", "תחלואי", "תחלואיה", "תחלואייכי", "תחלואים"]·HI["तेरी-बीमारियों-को", "बीमारियों-उसकी", "बीमारों", "रोगों-की", "रोगोंसे"]·ID["dengan-penderitaan", "penyakit", "penyakit-mu", "penyakit-penyakit", "penyakit-penyakitnya"]·IT["[בתחלאים]", "[תחלאיכי]", "[תחלאים]", "[תחלואי]", "suo-sicknesses"]·jav["ingkang-gerah-amargi-", "penyakit-penyakit", "sakit-sanget", "sesakit-panjenengan", "wonten-ing-sesakit-sesakit"]·KO["그것의-질병들을", "네-병-들-을", "에-질병들", "질병들이", "질병의"]·PT["com-doenças", "doenças", "enfermos-de", "suas-doenças", "tuas-enfermidades"]·RU["-болезни-твои", "болезней", "болезни-её", "больные", "в-болезнях"]·ES["en-enfermedades", "enfermedades", "enfermedades-de", "sus-enfermedades", "tus-enfermedades"]·SW["kwa-magonjwa", "magonjwa", "magonjwa-ya", "magonjwa-yake", "yote"]·TR["hastalıklarla", "hastalıkları", "hastalıkların", "hastalıklarını"]·urd["اُس-کی-بیماریوں", "بیماریاں", "بیماریوں-میں", "بیماریوں-کی", "تیری-بیماریوں-کو"]
Related Senses
H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0398 1. eat (consume food) (697×)H4191 1. die (Qal: natural/general death) (645×)G3708 1. see, perceive visually (419×)G0191 1. hear, perceive sound (360×)H???? 3. (352×)G3708 2. behold, look (exclamatory) (256×)H7272 1. foot (body part) (236×)H8354 1. drink, consume liquid (209×)H3205 1. Qal active: bear/give birth (female subject) (204×)H3205 2. Qal active: beget/father (male subject) (198×)H2421 1. Qal: live, be alive (177×)H8085 2. Qal: listen, heed, pay attention (172×)H2416a 1. alive, living (state/attribute) (146×)H2416e 1. life, lifespan, lifetime (145×)G2198 1. be alive, have life (133×)H8193 1. lip, lips (body part) (123×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† תַּחֲלֻאִים n.pl.m. 2 Ch 21:19 diseases, abs. ת׳ Je 16:4 2 Ch 21:19; cstr. תַּחֲלוּאֵי Je 14:18; תַּחֲלוּאָ֑יְכִי ψ 103:3; תַּחֲלֻאֶ֫יהָ Dt 29:21;—diseases Dt 29:21 2 Ch 21:19 ψ 103:3; מְמוֹתֵי תחלאים יָמֻתוּ Je 16:4; תחלואי רעב Je 14:18 diseases of famine (‖ חַלְלֵי־חֶרֶב).