σύ G4771
Second person pronoun: 'you' (singular and plural), in all grammatical cases
The second person pronoun su encompasses both singular and plural address across all Greek cases — nominative, genitive, dative, and accusative. Languages that preserve a singular/plural distinction illuminate the split clearly: Spanish uses 'de-ti' for singular but 'de-vosotros' and 'os' for plural; French distinguishes 'de-toi' from 'vous' and 'a-vous'; German contrasts 'deiner' with 'euch.' The plural form dominates (about 1,850 occurrences), often in Jesus's collective address to disciples or crowds, while the singular form (about 1,077 occurrences) appears in intimate or confrontational exchanges like the angel's word to Joseph (Matt 1:20) or Jesus's rebuke of Satan (Matt 4:10).
2. you (singular address) — Second person singular pronoun ('you' addressing one person) across all cases. Spanish 'de-ti,' French 'de-toi,' and German 'deiner' all confirm singularity. Found in direct personal address: the angel to Joseph about Mary (Matt 1:20 'that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit — your child'), Jesus to Satan (Matt 4:10 'you shall worship the Lord your God'), and intimate instruction (Matt 5:23-24 'if you are offering your gift'). About 1,077 occurrences. 1077×
AR["-","-كَ","كَ","لَكَ"]·ben["তোমার","তোমার,","তোমার;","তোমার।"]·DE["deiner"]·EN["of-you","your"]·FR["de-toi"]·heb["שֶׁלְּךָ"]·HI["अपनी","अपने","तेर","तेरा","तेरी","तेरे","तेरेए"]·ID["-Mu","-mu","Engkau","Mu","engkau","engkau;","kamu","mu"]·IT["di-te"]·jav["Panjenengan","Panjenengan,","panjenengan","panjenengan.","panjenengan;"]·KO["너-의","너의","네-","당신-의","당신의"]·PT["teu","teus","tua"]·RU["Твоя","твоего","твоей","твоему","твоих","твой","твою","твоя","твоё"]·ES["de-ti","de‒ti"]·SW["chako","lako","lako;","vyako","wako","yako","yako,","yako."]·TR["senin"]·urd["اپنا","اپنی","اپنے","تیرا","تیری","تیرے"]
Matt 1:20, Matt 4:10, Matt 5:23, Matt 5:24, Matt 5:29, Matt 5:29, Matt 5:30, Matt 5:36, Matt 5:43, Matt 6:4, Matt 6:6, Matt 6:10 (+38 more)
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. you (plural address) — Second person plural pronoun ('you all') across all cases, used when addressing multiple individuals. The multilingual evidence is decisive: Spanish 'a-vosotros / os,' French 'vous / a-vous,' and German 'euch' all mark plurality distinctly. Dominant in Jesus's teaching to groups — Matt 10:15 ('I tell you'), Matt 10:19 ('what you are to say'), Matt 12:31 ('I tell you, every sin will be forgiven'). About 1,853 occurrences. 1853×
AR["-كُم","أَقولُ-لَكُم","إِيَّاكُمْ","لَكُم","لَكُمَا","لَكُمْ","لَكُنَّ"]·ben["তোমাদের","তোমাদের,","তোমাদের-জন্য"]·DE["euch"]·EN["for-you","to-you","you"]·FR["vous","à-vous"]·heb["-","אֶתְ-כֶם","אֶתְכֶם","לָ-כֶם","לָכֶם"]·HI["तुम-पर","तुम-से","तुमसे","तुम्हारे-लिए","तुम्हें"]·ID["bagimu","kamu","kepada-kalian,","kepada-kamu","kepadamu"]·IT["a-voi","voi"]·jav["dhateng-panjenengan","dhateng-panjenengan-sedaya","dhateng-panjenengan-sedaya,","dhateng-panjenengan-sedaya.","dhumateng-panjenengan","dhumateng-panjenengan,","kangge-panjenengan","kangge-panjenengan-sedaya","panjenengan,"]·KO["너희","너희-에게","너희에게"]·PT["a-vós","vos"]·RU["вам","вас"]·ES["a-vosotros","de-vosotros","os","para-vosotras","para-vosotros"]·SW["kabisa","kwamba","kwenu","ninyi","ninyi,","viongozi","waandishi"]·TR["size"]·urd["تم-سے","تم-پر","تمہارے-لیے","تمہیں","تُمہیں"]
Matt 3:9, Matt 10:15, Matt 10:19, Matt 10:23, Matt 12:31, Matt 16:28, Matt 23:13, Matt 23:16, Matt 23:29, Matt 23:39, Matt 24:34, Matt 25:9 (+38 more)
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
σύ [ῠ], thou: pronoun of the second person:—Epic dialect nominative τύνη [ῡ] Refs 8th c.BC+ (Laconian dialect τούνη Refs 5th c.AD+; Aeolic dialect σύ Refs 7th c.BC+; Doric dialect τύ [ῠ] Refs 5th c.BC+; Boeotian dialect τού [short syllable] Refs 6th c.BC+ (also τούν Refsσύ, Refs 8th c.BC+—Gen. σοῦ, Refs, elsewhere only Attic dialect, Refs 5th c.BC+; enclitic σου, Refs 8th c.BC+ (also in Lyric…