Disease and Affliction

ἀσθέν-εια, ἡ, want of strength, weakness, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially feebleness, sickliness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 disease, sickness, Refs 2nd c.BC+; δι᾽ ἀσθένειανNT __3 ἀ. βίου poverty, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in moral sense, feebleness, weakness, τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεωςRefs 5th c.BC+ to be weak, feeble, sickly, ἀ. μέλη to be weak in limb, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἀσθένειαν NT+5th c.BC+; ἠσθένησε he fell sick, Refs 4th c.BC+sick man, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἠσθενηκόταRefs 2nd c.BC+ __2 to be needy, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἠσθενηκότες, of those unable to pay taxes, Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 with infinitive, to be too weak to do a thing, not to be able.., Refs 1st c.AD+ __4 decline, ἠσθένησεν ἡ ἡμέρα εἰς τὴν ἑσπέρανLXX

† חֳלִי n.m. Dt 28:59 sickness, חֳלִי Dt 28:61 + 8 times; חֹ֑לִי Dt 7:15 + 2 times; sf. חָלְיוֹ Is 38:9 + 7 times + Ec 5:16 (where del. sf., cf. Vrss Now); pl. חֳלָיִם Dt 28:59, חֳלָיִים 2 Ch 21:15, חֳלָיֵנוּ Is 53:4;—sickness, disease Dt 7:15; 28:59, 61 1 K 17:17 2 K 1:2; 8:8, 9; 13:14 Is 38:9 2 Ch 16:12(×2); 21:15(×2), 19 ψ 41:4 Ec 6:2; of the suffering servant of י׳ Is 53:3, 4 (in both ‖ מַכְאֹב); of rich man Ec 5:16 (read וָחֳלִי, v. supr.); incurable disease ח׳ לְאֵין מַרְפֵּא 2 Ch 21:18; recover from sickness חיה מֵחלי Is 38:9; metaph. of distress of land Ho 5:13 (‖ מָזוֹר), Is 1:5 Je 10:19; = wound, of violence in Jerusalem Je 6:7 (‖ מַכָּה).

† שְׁחִין n.m. boil, coll. eruption;—on man 2 K 20:7 = Is 38:21, שׁ׳ רָ֑ע Dt 28:35; Jb 2:7; possibly leprous Lv 13:18, 19, 20, צָרֶ֫בֶת הַשּׁ׳ 13:23 (v. צ׳; all P), in Egypt, on man and beast Ex 9:9, 10, 11(×2) (all P), cstr. שְׁחִין מִצְרַיִם Dt 28:27.

νόσος, Epic dialect and Ionic dialect (not Doric dialect,Refs νοῦσος, ἡ, sickness, disease, plague, νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὦρσε κακήν (i.e. Apollo), ὀλέκοντο δὲ λαοί Refs 8th c.BC+; κάμνειν νόσον, ὑπὸ νόσου, see at {κάμν; ἀσθενεῖν ταύτην τὴν νόσον} Refs 5th c.BC+; θήλεα ν.Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II generally, distress, anguish, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 disease of mind, especially caused by madness, passion, vice, etc., ν. φρενῶν Refs 4th c.BC+; θεία ν., i.e. madness, Refs 5th c.BC+; of love, Refs 5th c.BC+; ν. καὶ στάσιν οὐ ταὐτὸν νενόμικα; Refs __II.3 plague, bane, mischief, e.g. a whirlwind is θεία ν. Refs 5th c.BC+; of the trident of Poseidon, Refs 4th c.BC+; πεντεσύριγγος ν., of the pillory, Polyeuct. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+

† [טְחוֹר] n.m. 1 S 6:4 only pl. tumours, result of dysentery (v. Aramaic √) (so Aramaic טְחוֹרַיָּא, ܛܚܽܘܪܳܐ )—chiefly Qr for Kt עפלים, עפלֵי, hemorrhoids: viz. טְחֹרִים Dt 28:27 1 S 5:6, 9, 12; טְחֹרֵי זָהָב 6:4; צַלְמֵי טְחֹרֵיכֶם 6:5; twice it has found its way into the Kt טְחֹרֵי הַזָּהָב 6:17, צַלְמֵי טְחֹרֵיהֶם 6:11; WeSam. 27 n., cf. GeiUrschrift 408 f.

μάστ-ιξ, ῑγος, ἡ, whip, scourge, mostly for driving horses, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἵππου μ. horse-whip, Refs 5th c.BC+; λιγυρὰ μ. διπλῆ Refs 5th c.BC+; later, scourge, ὑπὸ μαστίγων διαβαίνειν to cross under the lash, of soldiers flogged on, Refs 5th c.BC+; μάστιγ᾽ ἔχων whip in hand, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, scourge, plague, μάστιξ Διός Refs 8th c.BC+; διπλῇ μ., τὴν Ἄρης φιλεῖ, i.e. fire and sword, Refs; μ. [Θεοῦ], of sickness, NT; but μάστιξ Πειθοῦς the lash of eloquence, Refs 5th c.BC+ — _Ionic dialect_ μάστις (which see): μάστιγξ is not found.

† יֵרָקוֹן n.m. mildew, paleness, lividness; 1. rust Am 4:9 Dt 28:22 1 K 8:37 Hg 2:17 2 Ch 6:28 (all ‖ שִׁדָּפוֹן). 2. paleness (of face) Je 30:6.

† שִׁדָּפוֹן n.m. smut, on crops (LagBN 202 VogelstLandwirthsch. 56);—שׁ׳ abs. + יֵרָקוֹן Am 4:9, cf. Hg 2:17, Dt 28:22 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28.

† תַּחֲלֻאִים n.pl.m. 2 Ch 21:19 diseases, abs. ת׳ Je 16:4 2 Ch 21:19; cstr. תַּחֲלוּאֵי Je 14:18; תַּחֲלוּאָ֑יְכִי ψ 103:3; תַּחֲלֻאֶ֫יהָ Dt 29:21;—diseases Dt 29:21 2 Ch 21:19 ψ 103:3; מְמוֹתֵי תחלאים יָמֻתוּ Je 16:4; תחלואי רעב Je 14:18 diseases of famine (‖ חַלְלֵי־חֶרֶב).

† מַחֲלָה n.f. sickness, disease, מַחֲלָה Ex 15:26 + 3 times—sickness, disease (in gen.) Ex 23:25 (JE); so c. כל, 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28 (‖ כל־נֶגַע), Ex 15:26 (JE; cf. אני יהוה רֹפְאֶ֑ךָ ad fin.)

† [נְזַק] vb. suffer injury (𝔗 id.; Assyrian nazâḳu, injure; on combin. with Arabic نقص impair, v. BaES 51 FräBAS iii. 81);— Pe. Pt. נָזִ֑ק Dn 6:3. Haph. injure: Impf. 3 fs. תְּהַנְזִ֑ק (K§ 33, 2) Ezr 4:13 (acc. pers.). Pt. act. f. cstr. מְהַנְזְקַת מַלְכִין v 15; Inf. cstr. לְהַנְזָקַת מ׳ v 22 (Kib. d); M § 48 c -קֻת).

μᾰλᾰκ-ία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, (μαλακός) softness, Refs 5th c.BC+“Aër.” 20: hence, of persons, moral weakness, opposed to καρτερία, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 ={κιναιδεία}, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 weakliness, sickness, LXX+NT+5th c.BC+; μ. σώματος, opposed to ψυχῆς, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II calmness of the sea, malacia ac tranquillitas, Refs μᾰλᾰκ-ια, τά, cephalopod mollusca, i.e. water-animals of soft substance, without external shells, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II see at {μαλάχιον}.

βλάπτω, future -ψωRefs 5th c.BC+aorist ἔβλαψα, Epic dialect βλάψε Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist 2 ἔβλᾰβον Refs 4th c.AD+: perfect βέβλᾰφα Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, future βλᾰβήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+future middle βλάψομαι (in passive signification) Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἐβλά-φθην Refs 8th c.BC+aorist 2 ἐβλάβην [ᾰ], 3rd.pers. plural ἔβλαβεν, βλάβεν, Refs, participle βλᾰβείς Refs 4th c.BC+(aorist middle βλάψαντο only in Refs 4th c.AD+: perfect βέβλαμμαι Refs 8th c.BC+:—disable, hinder, μή τιν᾽ ἑταίρων βλάπτοι ἐλαυνόντων Refs 8th c.BC+; β. πόδας disable the feet for running, lame them, Refs:—passive, ζωὸν ἕλε βλαφθέντα κατὰ κλόνον entangled in the mêlée, Refs; ὄζῳ ἔνι βλαφθέντε μυρικίνῳ [the horses] caught in a branch, Refs; βλάβεν ἅρματα καὶ ταχε᾽ ἵππω chariots and horses were stopped, Refs; Διόθεν βλαφθέντα βέλεμνα stopped, baffled by Zeus, Refs; βεβλαμμένος ἦτορ stopped in his life (assuming variant), Refs __2 with genitive, hinder from, τόν γε θεοὶ βλάπτουσι κελεύθου Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive,βλαβέντα λοισθίων δρόμων arrested in its last course, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II of the mind, distract, pervert, mislead, of the gods, τὸν δέ τις ἀθανάτων βλάψε φρένας Refs 8th c.BC+; so of Ate, φθάνει δέ τε πᾶσαν ἐπ᾽ αἶαν βλάπτουσ᾽ ἀνθρώπους Refs 8th c.BC+; also of wine, Refs 8th c.BC+; βλαφθείς, Latin mente captus, Refs 8th c.BC+ __III after Refs 8th c.BC+, damage, hurt, οἷσι μὴ βλάψῃ θεός (i.e. τὰ τέκνα) Refs 4th c.BC+: with neuter adjective, πλείω β. τινά Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, μεγάλα βεβλάφθαι Refs 2nd c.AD+ do greater mischiefs to.., Refs 3rd c.BC+ rob her of.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ —passive, τοσούσδε βλαβῆναι τὴν πόλιν lose them, Refs; τὸ βλαβέν, ={βλάβη}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 with accusative of things, β. λόγον mar the prophecy, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς ὅρκους violate them, Refs 4th c.BC+. (βλαπ-μλαπ- (mḷq[uglide]), cf. Sanskrit marcáyati 'injure', mṛktás 'wounded', Latin mulco 'maltreat'.)

χολή, ἡ, gall, bile, Refs 7th c.BC+; χ. μέλαινα black, i. e. diseased, bile, Refs 5th c.BC+ (but, ={μελαγχολία}, Refs 5th c.BC+; χολὴν ἐμεῖν, βῆξαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; χολῇ ἀλείφειν, proverbial of giving one a disgust for a thing, from the custom of mothers putting gall to the nipple when the child was to be weaned, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 plural χολαί, gall-bladder, Refs 5th c.BC+; called δοχαὶ χολῆς, Refs 5th c.BC+; also in singular, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically (mostly in Poets) like{χόλος} (which see), bile, gall, i. e. bitter anger, wrath, Refs 5th c.BC+; πάνυ ἐστ᾽ ἤδη χ. stirs my bile, makes me sick, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπιζεῖ χ. the bile boils over, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II ink of the cuttle-fish, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __III in LXX = Hebrew rôsh, a poisonous plant, variously called hemlock or poppy, LXX __IV serpent's venom, χ. ἀσπίδοςLXX; of the hydra's venom, Refs 1st c.BC+ __V bitter drink, NT cf. Latin fel, ONorse gall, etc., 'bile, gall':—probably the name is derived from the colour of bile, and is cognate with Latin (h) olus, helvus, Refs 1st c.BC+ gelb 'yellow', perhaps also χλόη.)

† דְּוַי n.[m.] illness, עֶרֶשׂ דְּוָי֑ ψ 41:4 bed of languishing (Che); sg. cstr. (Ew De Di) הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחְמִי Jb 6:7 they (i.e. my sufferings) are like disease (VB loathsomeness) in my meat, cf. Di; but text dub.

† [מַחֲלֶה] n.[m.] sickness, disease—sf. מַחֲלֵהוּ Pr 18:14 his sickness (= any sickness of his); of specif. disease, cstr. מַחֲלֵה מֵעֶ֑יךָ 2 Ch 21:15 (+ בָּחֳלָיִים רַבִּים, מֵהַחֹ֑לִי).

† [מַחֲלוּי] n.m. sickness, suffering (caused by wounds, cf. חלה 2 K 8:29)—only pl. intens. מַחֲלֻיִים 2 Ch 24:25.

† I. [צָבָה] vb. swell, swell up (NH id.);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְצָֽבְתָה Nu 5:27; appar. Hiph. Inf. cstr. לַצְבּוֹת v 22, Qal לִצְבּוֹת Di Ol§ 78 c Sta§ 114 a, 2; both of adulteress’ belly.—צֹבֶיהָ Is 29:7 v. צָבָא" dir="rtl" >צבא.

αἱμο-ρροέω, to lose blood, Refs 5th c.BC+; to have a αἱμόρροια, LXX+NT

ἀσθέν-ημα, ατος, τό, weakness, ailment, Refs 4th c.BC+; weakness of conscience, NT

βλᾰβερός, ά, όν, harmful, β. τὸ θύρηφιν Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to συμφέρον, Refs 3rd c.AD+; opposed to ὠφέλιμος, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -ρῶςRefs; opposed to ὠφελίμως, Refs 1st c.AD+

γάγγραιν-α, ἡ, (γράω ?) gangrene, NT+5th c.BC+

δῠσεντερ-ία, ἡ, dysentery, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἐμέω Refs 8th c.BC+, imperfect ἤμουν Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect ἤμεον Refs 5th c.BC+: future ἐμέσω Refs 5th c.BC+: future middle ἐμέομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἤμεσα Refs 5th c.BC+, infinitive ἐμέσαι Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect ἔμεσσα (ἀπ-) Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑπερ-έμησα occurs in the Mss. of Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἐμήμεκα Refs 2nd c.AD+: pluperfect ἐμημέκεε Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future ἐμεθήσομαι (ἐξ-) LXX: aorist infinitive ἐμεθῆναι Refs 2nd c.AD+: perfect ἐμήμεσμαι Refs 2nd c.AD+:—vomit, throw up, αἷμ᾽ ἐμέων Refs 8th c.BC+: absolutely, vomit, be sick, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. πτίλῳ to make oneself sick with a feather, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, throw up a flood of words, Refs 5th c.BC+, cf. Sanskrit vámiti 'vomit', Latin vomo, vomitus, Lithuanian vémti, etc.)

κολλούρ-ιον, τό, diminutive of {κολλούρα}, Refs 3rd c.AD+. __II κολλύριον, see: κολλούριον. κολλούριον (TTr., κολλύ-, the more usual form), -ου, τό (dimin. of κολλύρα = κόλλιξ, a coarse bread roll), [in LXX: 3Ki.12:24 hil B* ;] __1. a small bread roll (LXX, lines with). __2. (Usually in plural, LS, see word) an eye salve shaped like a roll: Rev.3:18.†

νόσ-ημα, Ionic dialect νούσ-, ατος, τό, (νοσέω) disease, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, of passion, vice, etc., ἔνεστι γάρ πως τοῦτο τῇ τυραννίδι ν. Refs 4th c.BC+; of love, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b of any grievous affliction, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of disorder in a state, τυραννίδα.. ἔσχατον πόλεως ν. Refs 5th c.BC+

† [דָּוָה] vb. be ill, unwell (NH ד׳ sorrowful, miserable, not in physical sense; cf. Arabic دَوِىَ [دَآءَ] be ill; Ethiopic ደወየ Assyrian perhaps deriv. diʾû, illness ZimBP 96, 97; Aramaic דְּוִי, דְּוָא, ܕܘܳܐ, ܕܘܺܝ be sad)— Qal Inf. cstr. אִשָּׁה … כִּימֵי נִדַּת דְּוֹתָהּ Lv 12:2.

† דַּלֶּ֫קֶת n.f. inflammation, Dt 28:22.

† III. [חֶ֫רֶס] n.[m.] an eruptive disease, itch (Aramaic חַרְסָא, ܚܶܪܣܳܐ; also ܚܰܪܘܽܣ rough, etc.)—וּבֶחָ֑רֶס Dt 28:27 (‖ עפלים Kt, גָּרָב),—i, ii. חֶרֶס v. sub חרס.

† [יַבָּל] adj. running, suppurating—only fs. as subst., יַבֶּלֶת a running sore or ulcer Lv 22:22 (+ עַוֶּרֶת, שָׁבוּר, חָרוּץ, גָּרָב, יַלֶּפֶת).

† [צָבֶה] adj. swelling, swollen;—f. צָבָה Nu 5:21 (as foregoing).

† [קָיָה] vb. vomit (si vera l. = קיא, Ges§ 76 h Köii. 1, 586);— Qal Imv. mpl. וּקְיוּ Je 25:27 Qr (Kt וקוו), be drunken and vomit (? error for וְקִיאוּ).

† שְׁדֵפָה n.f. blighted or blasted thing;—וּשׁ׳ לִפְנֵי קָמָה 2 K 19:26 a blasted thing before (the) standing grain, i.e. before maturity (> שְׁדֵמָה field, as ‖ Is 37:27, cf. Di), but improb.; Th proposes וּשׁ׳ ל׳ קָדִים; Kit שְׁדֻף הַקָּדִים; We (and most since) וּשְׁדֵכָּֽה ׃ לְפָנַי קֻמְךָ וגו׳ (Che: וּשְׁפָיִים, for וּשְׁדֵפָה).