H8428 H8428
pained, provoked — to cause grief or vexation, used of Israel testing God
This Hiphil verb means to pain, wound, or provoke in Psalm 78:41. The verse says Israel 'pained the Holy One of Israel' through repeated testing and unbelief. The root relates to Aramaic words for repentance or grief, suggesting they caused God sorrow or vexation. The parallel verb is 'tested,' emphasizing Israel's rebellious probing of God's patience. The anthropopathic language (God being pained) underscores the relational dimension of covenant unfaithfulness.
Senses
1. sense 1 — The Hiphil perfect (third plural) in Psalm 78:41 means 'they pained' or 'provoked' the Holy One of Israel. The root connects to Aramaic terms for grief and repentance, here used causatively: they caused God pain through unbelief. The Septuagint renders 'they provoked,' capturing the vexation. This anthropopathic language portrays covenant violation as wounding God, not merely breaking an abstract law. 1×
AR["حَدَّدُوا"]·ben["তারা-সীমাবদ্ধ-করেছিল"]·DE["sie-provoked"]·EN["they-provoked"]·FR["le-affliger"]·heb["התוו"]·HI["उन्होंने-दुःखित-किया"]·ID["mereka-sakiti"]·IT["[התוו]"]·jav["tiyang-tiyang-nyusahaken"]·KO["제한하였나이다"]·PT["provocaram"]·RU["ограничивали"]·ES["limitaron"]·SW["walimchukiza"]·TR["kışkırttılar"]·urd["درد-دیا"]
Related Senses
H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0398 1. eat (consume food) (697×)H4191 1. die (Qal: natural/general death) (645×)G3708 1. see, perceive visually (419×)G0191 1. hear, perceive sound (360×)H???? 3. (352×)G3708 2. behold, look (exclamatory) (256×)H7272 1. foot (body part) (236×)H8354 1. drink, consume liquid (209×)H3205 1. Qal active: bear/give birth (female subject) (204×)H3205 2. Qal active: beget/father (male subject) (198×)H2421 1. Qal: live, be alive (177×)H8085 2. Qal: listen, heed, pay attention (172×)H2416a 1. alive, living (state/attribute) (146×)H2416e 1. life, lifespan, lifetime (145×)G2198 1. be alive, have life (133×)H8193 1. lip, lips (body part) (123×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [תָּוָה] vb. Hiph. prob. pain, wound (fig.) (Aramaic ܬܘܳܐ (often), תְּוָ�� (rare) תְּהָא 𝔗J, all repent);—Pf. 3 pl. וּקְדוֹשׁ יִשׂ׳ הִתְווּ ψ 78:41 (‖ וַיְנַסּוּ) the Holy One of Isr. they pained (𝔊 παρώξυναν).