H8192 H8192
To be swept bare, laid bare, made desolate or exposed (typically of mountains or bones)
This verb describes the process of being stripped clean or exposed, whether by wind, disease, or destruction. Isaiah 13:2 speaks of raising a signal on a 'bare mountain'—one conspicuously visible because vegetation has been swept away. In Job 33:21, the word depicts extreme emaciation where bones protrude through wasted flesh. The root connects to Arabic words for raising dust and Aramaic terms for leveling or smoothing, suggesting a fundamental sense of exposure through removal.
Senses
1. sense 1 — The Niphal participle and Pual forms both convey passive transformation to a state of bareness. The mountain in Isaiah is 'wind-swept' or naturally denuded, making it an ideal place for a visible signal. Job's reference to bones being 'laid bare' captures the horror of severe illness. Spanish uses 'pelado' (bare, peeled) and 'desnudan' (stripped naked), while English glosses emphasize the exposing action. The domain assignment to Violence/Destruction likely reflects Job's context, though the Isaiah usage is more neutral. 2×
AR["(وَ-بَرَزَت)", "أَجْرَدَ"]·ben["আর-বের-হয়েছে", "মুণ্ডিত"]·DE["[(ושפו)]", "[נשפה]"]·EN["(and-are-laid-bare)", "bareness"]·FR["[נשפה]", "et-(ושפו)"]·heb["ו-שופו", "נשפה"]·HI["और-उभरी", "गंजे"]·ID["(dan-terlihat)", "gundul"]·IT["[נשפה]", "e-(and-sono-laid-bare)"]·jav["(lan-katon)", "gundhul"]·KO["(그리고-드러난다)", "민둥한"]·PT["descampado", "e-aparecem"]·RU["(и-выступают)", "лысой"]·ES["(y-se-desnudan)", "pelado"]·SW["na-zinatolewa", "upara"]·TR["ciplak", "ve-çıplaklaştı"]·urd["اور-نظر آتی ہیں", "چٹیل"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [שָׁפָה] vb. sweep bare (Arabic سَفَا (ى), raise and carry off dust [v. סָפָה], أَسْفَى of horse, scanty in hair of forelock; NH Pi. plane off; Aramaic ܫܦܳܐ Pt. pass. level (Is 40:4 = מִישׁוֹר), smooth, limpid, ܫܰܦܺܝ make level, smooth (and deriv.));— Niph. be wind-swept, bare; Pt. הַר־נִשְׁפֶּה Is 13:2 a bare mt.; Pu. Pf. consec. וְשֻׁפּוּ עַצְמֹתָיו Jb 33:21 Qr his bones are laid bare (so lean is he; Kt וּשְׁפִי bareness are his bones).