H8146 H8146
hated (wife); referring to a wife who is unloved or less favored in a polygamous household
This adjective describes a wife who is 'hated' or more accurately 'unloved' or 'less loved' in the context of polygamous marriages. Deuteronomy 21:15-17 addresses the legal rights of the firstborn son even when his mother is the less-favored wife, protecting him from being disinherited in favor of a son from the beloved wife. The term reflects the social reality of competitive plural marriages where affection was unequally distributed, creating potential for injustice that the law sought to prevent.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Describes the less-favored or unloved wife in a polygamous marriage context. The form לשניאה (la-seni'ah) means 'to/of the hated one,' appearing in Deuteronomy 21:15 in legislation protecting the inheritance rights of the firstborn regardless of maternal favoritism. English renders 'to-the-hated,' Spanish 'de-la-aborrecida' (of the abhorred one), French 'à-le-hated,' and German 'zu-der-hasste' (to the hated). BDB notes this should probably read השנואה (ha-senu'ah) as in the surrounding verses, using the more common participial form. The law's concern is that a man not elevate the son of the loved wife over the rightful firstborn of the unloved wife, ensuring that inheritance follows birth order rather than parental favoritism. 1×
AR["لِلْمَكْرُوهَةِ"]·ben["সেই-ঘৃণিতার"]·DE["zu-der-hasste"]·EN["to-the-hated"]·FR["à-le-hated"]·heb["ל-שנואה"]·HI["घृणित-की"]·ID["dari-yang-dibenci"]·IT["a-il-odio"]·jav["kanggé-ingkang-dipunsengiti"]·KO["미움받는-자의"]·PT["da-odiada"]·RU["от-нелюбимой"]·ES["de-la-aborrecida"]·SW["wa-anayechukiwa"]·TR["sevilmeyenin"]·urd["ناپسند-کا"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שָׂנִיא] adj. hated, held in aversion;—fs. הַשְּׂנִיאָה Dt 21:15b the hated (wife; v. √ 1 a); but read probably הַשְּׂנוּאָה (as v 15a bis, 16).