H8131 H8131
To hate; your haters, your enemies (with Ketiv/Qere variant in Daniel)
An Aramaic verb meaning to hate, appearing in Daniel 4:19 with a Ketiv/Qere textual variant. The context is Daniel's interpretation of Nebuchadnezzar's dream: Daniel wishes the dream applied to the king's enemies rather than to the king himself. The written text (Ketiv) has the form 'your haters' (שנאיך), while the traditional reading (Qere) offers a slightly different vocalization (שנאך), both meaning essentially 'your haters' or 'your enemies.' The multilingual glosses reflect both readings, showing awareness of the variant. The term functions as a courteous euphemism: Daniel diplomatically wishes the troubling dream on the king's foes, not the king.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Daniel's use of 'your haters' is an act of tact and loyalty. Before delivering the harsh interpretation—Nebuchadnezzar will be driven from human society—Daniel expresses a wish that the dream pertained to the king's enemies instead. The Ketiv/Qere variant is minor, affecting vocalization but not meaning. Both forms are preserved in the glosses ('qere: to your haters,' 'ketiv: to your haters'), demonstrating scribal fidelity to textual traditions. The verb 'hate' here denotes not emotional antipathy but enmity and opposition, the stance of those who wish the king harm. 2×
AR["(لِمُبْغِضِيكَ)", "[لِمُبْغِضِيكَ]"]·ben["(তোমার-শত্রুদের-জন্য)", "[তোমার-শত্রুদের-জন্য]"]·DE["[לשנאיך]", "[לשנאך]"]·EN["(qere:to-your-haters)", "[ketiv:to-your-haters]"]·FR["haïr"]·heb["[לשונאיך]", "ל-שונאיך"]·HI["(तेरे-बैरियों-पर)", "[तेरे-बैरियों-पर]"]·ID["[atas-musuh-musuhmu]", "atas-musuh-musuhmu"]·IT["[לשנאיך]", "[לשנאך]"]·jav["[dhateng-mengsah-panjenengan]", "dhateng-mengsah-panjenengan"]·KO["(당신-의-미워하는-자들-에게)", "[당신-의-미워하는-자들-에게]"]·PT["(para-teus-inimigos)", "[para-teus-inimigos]"]·RU["(ненавидящим-тебя)", "[ненавидящим-тебя]"]·ES["(para-tus-enemigos)", "[para-tus-enemigos]"]·SW["(kwa-wanaokuchukia)", "[kwa-wanaokuchukia]"]·TR["(düşmanlarına)", "[düşmanlarına]"]·urd["تیرے-دشمنوں-کے-لیے", "تیرے-دشمنوں-کے-لیے-ہو"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שְׂנָא] vb. hate (𝔗 סְנָא, Syriac ܣܢܳܐ; v. BH שָׂנֵא);— Pe. Pt. pl. sf. שׂנאיך Kt, שָֽׂנְאָךְ Qr (K§ 53, 2, Anm. b)) Dn 4:16 = thy foes (BH 3, MI4 Sab).