H7054 H7054
Standing grain; unharvested crops upright in the field, sometimes extended to growth, rising, or the stalk itself
Designates cereal crops — wheat and barley — standing tall in the field before harvest. The word appears prominently in agricultural law: Exodus 22:6 addresses fire spreading to standing grain, Deuteronomy 16:9 marks the start of harvest when the sickle touches the qamah, and Deuteronomy 23:25 permits plucking grain by hand from a neighbor's field. Samson's foxes set fire to the Philistines' standing grain in Judges 15:5. Hosea 8:7 uses the image metaphorically — 'the stalk has no grain' — to picture Israel's futile idolatry yielding nothing of substance.
Senses
1. standing grain, crops in field — Standing grain or crops growing upright in the field, the core agricultural sense. This is the dominant usage, covering legal contexts (Exod 22:6, Deut 16:9, 23:25) and narrative ones (Judg 15:5). Spanish 'mies' (harvest crops) and French 'grain debout' both reflect the image of tall, unharvested cereal plants swaying in open farmland. 7×
AR["الزَّرعَ","الزَّرْعِ-الـ","الزَّرْعِ-الْقَائِمِ","زَرْعِ","فِي-الزَّرْعِ","فِي-زَرْعِ","فِي-زُرُوعِ"]·ben["ডাঁটার","ফসলে","ফসলের","শস্য","শস্যে-","শস্যের-উপর"]·DE["[קמה]","auf-der-stehend-Getreide","der-stehend-grain","in-stehend-Getreide-von","stehend-Getreide","stehend-Getreide-von"]·EN["into-standing-grain-of","on-the-standing-grain","standing-grain","standing-grain-of","the-standing-grain"]·FR["[קמה]","dans-debout-grain-de","dans-se-tenant-debout-grain-de","debout-grain","le-debout-grain","se-tenant-debout-grain-de","sur-le-se-tenant-debout-grain"]·heb["ב-קמה","ב-קמות","ב-קמת","ה-קמה","קמה","קמת"]·HI["खड़ी-फसल","खड़ी-फसलों-में","खड़े-अनाज-की","खेत","खेत-में","में-खड़ी-फ़सल"]·ID["gandum berdiri","gandum-berdiri","ke-gandum-berdiri","ke-ladang-gandum","pada-gandum-yang-berdiri"]·IT["[קמה]","dentro-stando-grano-di","il-stando-grain","in-stando-in-piedi-grano-di","stando-grano","stando-in-piedi-grano-di","su-il-stando-in-piedi-grano"]·jav["dhateng-gandum-ingkang-jumeneng","gandum-ingkang-jumeneng","gandum-jumeneng","ing-gandum-jumeneng","ing-tanduran-ingkang-madeg","tetaneman-ingkang-jumeneng,"]·KO["곁 선 곡식","곡식","곡식을","그-곡식이","에-곡식","에-그래-곁 선 곡식"]·PT["a-colheita","a-seara-de","na-seara","na-seara-de","nas-searas-de","seara"]·RU["в-жатву","в-снопы","жатвой","на-жатве","на-корню","хлеба","хлеба-на-корню"]·ES["en-la-mies","en-la-mies-de","en-los-campos-de","grano-en-pie","la-mies","la-mies-de"]·SW["katika-mashamba-ya-nafaka","katika-nafaka-iliyosimama","kwa-nafaka-iliyosimama","mashamba-ya-nafaka","nafaka-iliyosimama"]·TR["-de-ekinler","diken-ekini","ekin","ekin-içinde","ekinine","hasat"]·urd["کھڑی","کھڑی-فصل","کھڑی-فصل-میں"]
2. growth, ripening of crops — The growth or ripening state of crops as they approach maturity. Isaiah 37:27 uses the word in a context where vegetation is blasted 'before standing grain,' pointing to the developmental stage rather than the physical stalks. This abstract extension captures the process of coming to full growth, not just the finished product in the field. 1×
AR["قِيَامِهِ"]·ben["উঠার"]·DE["[קמה]"]·EN["standing-grain"]·FR["[קמה]"]·heb["קמה"]·HI["अनाज-के"]·ID["tumbuh"]·IT["[קמה]"]·jav["ngadeg"]·KO["자맀의"]·PT["crescer"]·RU["хлебом"]·ES["crecer"]·SW["kukomaa"]·TR["buyumeden"]·urd["پکنے-کے"]
3. rising, standing upright — Rising or standing upright in a non-agricultural, abstract sense. In 2 Kings 19:26 the parallel with 'sitting down' suggests bodily posture — standing up versus sitting — rather than literal grain. German 'stehend' and French 'debout' both naturally bridge the agricultural and postural meanings of this root. 1×
AR["القِيَامِ"]·ben["দাঁড়ানোর"]·DE["stehend"]·EN["standing"]·FR["debout"]·heb["קמה"]·HI["खड़े-होने-से"]·ID["berdiri"]·IT["stando"]·jav["tuwuh"]·KO["일어-서기"]·PT["crescer"]·RU["созревания"]·ES["levantarse"]·SW["kuiva"]·TR["kalkmanın"]·urd["اگنے"]
4. stalk, stem of grain — The stalk or stem of a grain plant, a metonymic narrowing from the whole crop to the individual upright stem. Hosea 8:7 warns that Israel's sowing will produce 'no standing grain' — or more precisely, stalks without heads of grain. Spanish 'tallo' (stalk) captures this focus on the plant's structure rather than the field as a whole. 1×
AR["ساقٌ"]·ben["দাঁড়িয়ে-থাকা-শস্য"]·DE["[קמה]"]·EN["standing-grain"]·FR["grain"]·heb["קמה"]·HI["खड़ी-हुई"]·ID["Tangkai"]·IT["[קמה]"]·jav["thukul"]·KO["쑠기가"]·PT["colmo"]·RU["стоячего-хлеба"]·ES["tallo"]·SW["bua"]·TR["ekin"]·urd["کھڑا"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† קָמָה n.f. standing grain;—abs. ק׳ Ex 22:5 +; cstr. קָמַת Dt 23:26(×2); pl. cstr. קָמוֹת Ju 15:5;—standing grain (mature) Ex 22:5 (E), Dt 16:9; 23:26(×2) Ju 15:5(×2) Is 17:5; לִפְנֵי ק׳ 2 K 19:26 = Is 37:27 dub., לְפָנַי קֻמְךָ … and join to v 28: before me is thy rising up and thy sitting down We Bur Du CheHpt. al.; cf. sub שְׁדֵפָה. (i.e. before maturity);* in fig. Ho 8:7.—cf. VogelstLandwirthsch.51.