H5916 H5916
To trouble, stir up, bring calamity upon; in the Niphal, to be troubled or agitated.
A verb of disruption and disturbance, famously associated with Achan whose sin 'troubled' all Israel (Josh 7:25). The Qal active sense describes bringing calamity or causing turmoil — Elijah turns the accusation back on Ahab in 1 Kings 18:17–18, asking who truly 'troubles Israel.' Proverbs uses the word for the self-inflicted trouble of the greedy (11:17, 29; 15:27). The Niphal passive appears in Psalm 39:2, where the psalmist's pain 'was stirred up,' and in Proverbs 15:6, describing a household in turmoil. Arabic cognate 'akira (to be turbid) preserves the physical image of waters being muddied — a vivid metaphor for social and personal disruption.
Senses
1. to trouble, bring calamity upon — Qal active: to trouble, disturb, or bring calamity upon someone. Genesis 34:30 has Jacob lamenting that Simeon and Levi have 'troubled' him by provoking the Canaanites. Joshua 7:25 delivers the definitive use — 'Why have you troubled us? The LORD will trouble you today' — a wordplay on Achan's name and the Valley of Achor. Spanish 'turbar' and French 'troubler' capture the social disruption. Proverbs 11:17 contrasts the one who troubles his own household with the person who shows kindness. 12×
AR["أَزعَجتَنا", "أَعْكَرْتُما-نِي", "أَقْلَقْتُ", "في-مُكَدِّري", "كَدَّرَ", "مُقْلِقُ", "مُكَدِّرُ", "وَ-تُكَدِّرونَها", "وَ-مُكَدِّرُ", "يُزعِجُكَ"]·ben["আমার-কষ্টদাত্রী", "আমি-কষ্ট-দিয়েছি", "এবং-কষ্ট-দেবে", "এবং-যে-কষ্ট-দেয়", "কষ্ট-দানকারী", "কষ্ট-দিয়েছেন", "কষ্ট-দেবেন-তোমাকে", "কষ্টদাতা", "তুমি-কষ্ট-দিয়েছ-আমাদের", "বিপদে-ফেলেছ", "যে-কষ্ট-দেয়"]·DE["[ועכר]", "[עוכר]", "[עכר]", "er-troubled", "haben-du-troubled-uns", "ich-troubled", "ihr-habt-mich-in-Unglück-gestürzt", "troubler-von", "und-du-Kummer", "unter-mein-troublers", "wird-Kummer-du"]·EN["I-troubled", "among-my-troublers", "and-you-trouble", "but-he-who-troubles", "have-you-troubled-us", "he-troubled", "he-who-troubles", "troubler-of", "will-trouble-you", "you-have-troubled"]·FR["[עוכר]", "avoir-tu-troubla-nous", "et-troubler", "et-tu-malheur", "il-troubled", "je-troubled", "parmi-mon-troublers", "sera-malheur-tu", "troubler", "troubler-de", "tu-avoir-troubled"]·heb["ב-עוכרי", "ו-עוכר", "ו-עכרתם", "יעכרך", "עוכר", "עכר", "עכרתי", "עכרתם", "עכרתנו"]·HI["और-दुःख-देनेवाला", "और-दुखी-करोगे", "कष्ट-में-डाला-है-तुमने", "दुःख-देनेवाला", "दुख-दिया", "दुख-दिया-तूने-हमें", "दुख-दिया-मैंने", "दुख-देगा-तुझे", "दुख-देनेवाला", "मुझे-दुख-देनेवालोंमें", "विघ्न-डालनेवाला"]·ID["Ayahku-telah-menyusahkan", "Yang-menyusahkan", "aku-menyusahkan", "dan-menyusahkan", "di-antara-yang-menyusahkanku", "engkau-menyusahkan-kita", "kamu-menyusahkan", "menyusahkan-engkau", "penyusah", "tetapi-yang-menyusahkan", "yang-menyusahkan-"]·IT["[עוכר]", "avere-tu-troubled-noi", "e-ma-egli-chi-troubles", "e-tu-trouble", "egli-chi-troubles", "egli-troubled", "fra-mio-troublers", "io-troubled", "troubler-di", "tu-avere-troubled", "volere-trouble-tu"]·jav["Panjenengan-sami-ngganggu", "Yehuwah-badhe-ndadosaken-cilaka-sampeyan", "damel-susah", "ing-kasusahan-kula", "ingkang-damel-susah", "ingkang-ngganggu", "kula-damel-susah", "lan-ndadosaken-cilaka", "lan-tiyang-kang-nyusahaken", "sampeyan-ndadosaken-cilaka-kawula", "tiyang-kang-nyusahaken"]·KO["괴롭게-하시리라", "괴롭게-했다", "괴롭게한-자", "괴롭히는-자", "괴롭히는-자-는", "괴롭히는자-나의", "그러나-괴롭히는-자-는", "그리고-괴롭히면", "내가-괴롭혔다", "너는-괴롭게-하였는가", "어지럽히는-자는", "혼란에-빠뜨렸다"]·PT["Perturba", "Quem-perturba", "e-perturbardes", "e-quem-perturba", "entre-perturbadores-de-mim", "perturbador-de", "perturbar-te-á", "perturbaste-me", "perturbaste-nos", "perturbei", "perturbou"]·RU["а-мучащий", "и-принесли-беду", "мучающий", "навлечёт-беду-на-тебя", "навлёк-беду", "навлёк-ты-беду-на-нас", "смутили-вы", "смущал", "смущающий", "среди-смущающих-меня"]·ES["El-que-turba", "Ha-turbado", "el-que-atormenta", "entre-mis-turbadores", "he-turbado", "me-han-turbado", "nos-turbaste", "perturbador-de", "te-turbará", "turbador-de", "y-el-que-atormenta", "y-lo-turbaréis"]·SW["amesumbua", "anayeisumbua", "atakusumbua", "kukamatia", "lakini-anayejidhuru", "msumbua-wa", "mtatizo-wangu", "na-mkaisumbua", "nimesumbua", "umetusumbua"]·TR["Karıştırdınız", "dert-açan", "dert-açtım", "dert-verenlerimden", "sorun-çıkaran-", "sıkıntı-verdi", "sıkıntı-veren", "sıkıntıya-sokacak-seni", "sıkıntıya-soktun-bizi", "ve-sıkıntı-veren", "ve-sıkıntıya-sokarsınız"]·urd["اور-مصیبت-میں-ڈالو", "اور-پریشان-کرنے-والا", "مصیبت-لانے-والا", "مصیبت-میری-میں", "مصیبت-میں-ڈالا-تم-نے-مجھے", "مصیبت-میں-ڈالا-تُو-نے-ہمیں", "مصیبت-میں-ڈالا-ہے", "مصیبت-میں-ڈالے-گا-تجھے", "میں-نے-مصیبت-لائی", "پریشان-کرنے-والا"]
2. to be troubled, stirred up — Niphal stative/passive: to be troubled, stirred up, or in a state of agitation. Psalm 39:2 uses the Niphal perfect — 'my pain was stirred up' — to describe inner turmoil when the psalmist tried to remain silent. Proverbs 15:6 speaks of a household that 'is troubled' by ill-gotten gain. German 'aufgerührt' (stirred up) and Spanish 'se agitó' reflect the passive experience of disturbance. The shift from active troubling to being in a state of trouble mirrors the Qal-to-Niphal pattern common in Hebrew. 2×
AR["اِضْطِرابٌ", "تَحَرَّكَ"]·ben["উদ্দীপ্ত-হল", "কষ্টগ্রস্ত"]·DE["Krieg-aufgerührt", "[נעכרת]"]·EN["brings-trouble", "was-stirred"]·FR["Acan", "troubler"]·heb["נעכר", "נעכרת"]·HI["भड़क-उठी", "व्याकुलता"]·ID["kekacauan"]·IT["[נעכר]", "brings-trouble"]·jav["dipun-gubel", "kaganggu"]·KO["어지러움이-있느니라", "휘저어졌도다"]·PT["perturbação", "se-agitou"]·RU["разорение", "усилилась"]·ES["se-agitó", "turbación"]·SW["kuna-shida", "yaliamshwa"]·TR["sıkıntı", "şiddetlendi"]·urd["بھڑکا", "پریشانی-ہے"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† עָכַר vb. stir up, disturb, trouble (NH id., make turbid; Arabic عَكِرَ be turbid);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ 1 S 14:29; 2 ms. sf. עֲכַרְתָּ֔נִי Jos 7:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַעְכָּרְךָ v 25; Pt. עֹכֵר 1 K 18:17 + 3 times, עוֹכֵר 1 Ch 2:7; pl. sf. עֹכְרָ֑י Ju 11:35;—disturb, trouble, c. acc. pers. Gn 34:30 (J), Jos 6:18; 7:25(×2) (all JE; v 25b subj. י׳), Ju 11:35; cf. Pr 11:17 (opp. גֹּמֵל), v 29;…