H5411 H5411
Nethinim: temple servants 'given' to assist the Levites in sanctuary duties, prominent in post-exilic texts.
A masculine plural noun derived from the passive participle of natan ('to give'), designating a class of temple servants assigned to support the Levites in maintaining the sanctuary. They appear almost exclusively in the post-exilic books of Ezra, Nehemiah, and 1 Chronicles, where they are carefully distinguished from priests, Levites, and gatekeepers (Ezra 2:43-58; 7:7; Neh 7:46-60). Tradition ascribes their appointment to David (Ezra 8:20), and they resided on the Ophel hill near the temple (Neh 3:26; 11:21). Their separate listing among the returnees from Babylon underscores their recognized, if humble, role in Israel's worship. Spanish renders them as 'sirvientes del templo,' while German uses 'Tempeldiener,' both accurately conveying their servant function.
Senses
1. Nethinim, temple servants — A dedicated class of hereditary temple servants whose title, from the passive of natan ('to give'), marks them as persons formally 'given' to sacred service. They assisted the Levites in menial sanctuary tasks and are carefully enumerated among the exilic returnees (Ezra 2:43-58; Neh 7:46-60), distinguished from priests, Levites, and gatekeepers. They lived on the Ophel near the temple (Neh 3:26; 11:21). David is credited with their appointment (Ezra 8:20). Multilingual glosses consistently describe their servant role: Spanish 'sirvientes del templo,' German 'Tempeldiener,' French 'Nethiniens.' 18×
AR["(النَّتِينِيم)", "[المُعْطَوْنَ]", "ال-نَّتِينِيمُ", "ال-نَّتِينِيمِ", "النَّتينيمُ", "النَّتينيمِ", "النَّتِينِيم", "النَّتِينِيمُ", "النَّتِينِيمِ", "نَتِينِيم", "وَ-ال-نَّتِينِيمُ", "وَ-النَّتِينِيم", "وَ-النَّتِينِيمُ", "وَالنَّتينيمُ", "وَالنَّتِينِيم"]·ben["(নথীনীয়দের)", "-ঐ নথীনীয়দের", "-নথীনীমেরা", "[নথীনীয়দের]", "আর-নথীনীমেরা", "আর-নথীনীয়দের", "আর-নথীনীয়েরা", "এবং-নথীনীমেরা", "ও-নথীনীমরা", "নথীনীমদের", "নথীনীমের", "নথীনীমেরা", "নথীনীয়", "নথীনীয়দের"]·DE["Tempeldiener", "[(הנתינים)]", "[[הנתונים]]", "[והנתינים]", "die-Tempeldiener", "und-die-Tempeldiener"]·EN["Netinim", "[the-given-ones]", "and-the-Nethinim", "and-the-Netinim", "and-the-temple-servants", "the-Nethinim", "the-Netinim", "the-temple-servants"]·FR["Néthiniens", "et-Néthiniens"]·heb["ה-(הנתינים)", "ה-[הנתונים]", "ה-נתינים", "ו-ה-נתינים", "נתינים"]·HI["[--]", "और-नतीनीम", "और-नतीनीमों-ने-मरम्मत-की", "नतीनीम", "नतीनीमों-के", "नतीनीमों-में-से", "परन्तु-नतीनीम"]·ID["Para-budak-Bait-Allah", "[kere]", "budak-Bait-Allah", "dan-orang-orang-Netinim", "dan-orang-orang-pengabdi-Bait-Allah", "dan-para-budak-Bait-Allah", "dan-para-hamba-Bait-Allah", "hamba-hamba-Bait-Allah", "orang-orang-pengabdi-Bait-Allah", "para-budak-Bait-Allah", "para-hamba-Bait-Allah"]·IT["Nethinei", "e-Nethinei"]·jav["*", "Lan-para-abdi-Padaleman", "Lan-para-abdi-bait-suci", "Para-abdi-bait-suci", "kang-para-abdi-padaleman", "lan-para-abdi-bait-suci", "lan-para-abdi-padaleman", "para-Netinim", "para-abdi-Padaleman", "para-abdi-bait-suci", "tiyang-Netinim"]·KO["(그-느디님사람들)", "[그느디님사람들]", "그-느디님사람들", "그-느디님사람들-의", "그-느티님", "그-느티님과", "그리고-그-느디님사람들", "그리고-그-느디님사람들은", "그리고-그-느티님과", "그리고-그-느티님이", "그리고-그-성전-종들", "느디님사람들"]·PT["(os-servidores-do-templo)", "E-os-servos-do-templo", "Os-netineus", "Os-servos-do-templo", "[os-dados]", "e-os-netineus", "e-os-servidores-do-templo", "e-os-servos-do-templo", "os-netineus", "os-servos-do-templo", "servidores-do-templo"]·RU["[кетив]", "Нетинимы", "и-нетинеи", "и-нетиним", "и-нетинимов", "и-нетинимы", "нетинеев", "нетинеи", "нетинеями", "нетинимам", "нетинимов"]·ES["Los-sirvientes-del-templo", "Los-sirvientes-del-templo:", "Y-los-netineos", "Y-los-sirvientes-del-templo", "[los-sirvientes-del-templo]", "los-netineos", "los-sirvientes-del-templo", "sirvientes-del-templo", "y-los-netineos", "y-los-sirvientes-del-templo"]·SW["Wanethinimu", "[watumishi-wa-hekalu]", "na-Wanethini", "na-Wanethinimu", "na-watumishi-wa-hekalu", "watumishi-wa-hekalu"]·TR["K", "Netinim", "Netinimin", "tapınak-hizmetkârları", "tapınak-hizmetkârlarının", "tapınak-kölelerinin", "ve-Netinim", "ve-Netinimin", "ve-tapınak-hizmetkârları", "ve-tapınak-köleleri"]·urd["(نتِینیم)", "[نتِینیم]", "ال-نتینیم", "اور-ال-نتینیم", "اور-نتینیم", "اور-نتینیم-کے", "نتِینیم", "نتینیم", "نتینیم-کے"]
Related Senses
H8104 1. Qal: keep, observe (law/covenant) (399×)G3101 1. disciple, learner (263×)H5826 1. Qal: to help, aid (53×)H8334 1. to minister, serve (52×)H8334 2. minister, servant, attendant (46×)G5083 1. observe or obey commands (41×)H8104 2. Niphal: beware, take heed (34×)G1247 1. to serve or minister to (32×)H3256 1. discipline, chastise (Piel active) (27×)H5833 1. help, aid, assistance (26×)H8104 3. Qal: watch, look out (26×)H5341 1. keep, observe (commandments) (24×)G5083 2. guard or protect someone (23×)H5647 2. serve, minister to (a person) (21×)H5826 2. Qal participle: helper (21×)G5219 1. obey, be obedient to (20×)H5341 2. guard, protect, preserve (a person) (20×)G1398 1. serve, render service to (19×)H5828 1. help, assistance (19×)G3936 1. present, offer, yield (17×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† נְתִינִים n.m.pl. Nethînîm (proposes those given to the service of the sanctuary, as Levites are called נְתוּנִים Nu 3:9, 8:16, 19);—only 1 Ch 9:2 (where disting. from priests and Levites) + 16 times Ezr Ne (often disting. from priests, Levites and porters; Ezr 8:17 Kt has הנתונים, Qr הַנְּתִינִים), viz.: Ezr 2:43, 58, 70 = Ne 7:46, 60, 72 (so Baer, Ginsb; van d. H. v 73), Ezr 7:7; 8:17, 20…