H4560 H4560
to deliver up, hand over, or commit (possibly textual corruption in both occurrences)
This verb appears only twice in Numbers 31, both instances textually uncertain. In verse 16, 'to deliver up a trespass against the LORD' likely should read 'to commit' (līm'ōl), a simple textual swap. In verse 5, 'were delivered over' referring to warriors may originally have been 'were numbered' (wayyissāpěrû). The post-biblical Hebrew and Aramaic cognates clearly mean 'deliver up, betray, denounce,' supporting the semantic field, but the Masoretic Text's use here remains debated. If original, the sense would be transfer or assignment of persons or responsibility.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To deliver up or hand over, whether persons (warriors assigned to duty) or actions (committing a trespass). The Numbers 31 contexts involve the Midianite incident: warriors delivered/assigned for holy war (v. 5) and the sin of Peor characterized as delivering/committing treachery against YHWH (v. 16). BDB notes the textual difficulties, citing the Septuagint's 'numbered' in verse 5 and suggesting emendation in verse 16 to the more common verb for trespass. The multilingual evidence shows varied renderings, reflecting scribal uncertainty. 2×
AR["فَسُلِّمُوا", "لِـ-تَسْلِيمِ-"]·ben["এবং-সমর্পিত-হল", "সমর্পণের-জন্য-"]·DE["und-waren-befreite", "zu-cause-"]·EN["and-were-delivered", "to-cause-"]·FR["et-étaient-délivra", "à-cause-"]·heb["ו-ימסרו", "ל-מסר"]·HI["और-सौंपे-गए", "देने-को"]·ID["dan-diserahkan", "untuk-menyerahkan"]·IT["a-cause-", "e-furono-libero"]·jav["Lan-dipunserahaken", "kangge-nyebar-"]·KO["그리고-모집되었다", "반역하게-함이라"]·PT["E-foram-entregues", "para-entregar"]·RU["и-были-переданы", "предать-"]·ES["Y-fueron-entregados", "para-entregar"]·SW["kuwasababishia-", "na-wakakabidhiwa"]·TR["-teslim-etmek-", "ve-verildi"]·urd["اور-حوالے-کیے-گئے", "خیانت-کرنے-کو"]
Related Senses
H4941 1. justice, righteousness (134×)H4941 2. judgment, judicial decision (119×)H4941 3. ordinances, statutes (plural) (110×)H8199 1. to judge, adjudicate (98×)G2919 1. judge, pass judgment (76×)H8199 2. judge (person, office-holder) (61×)G2920 1. judgment / condemnation (48×)H7378 1. Qal: quarrel, contend, strive (42×)H4941 4. prescribed ordinance, regulation (34×)G1832 1. it is lawful, it is permitted (32×)G2917 1. judgment, condemnation (27×)G2919 2. be judged, stand trial (27×)H5360 1. vengeance, retribution (27×)H7378 2. Qal: plead, defend, litigate (22×)G2723 1. accuse, bring charges against (20×)G2923 1. judge (one who judges/decides) (19×)G2632 1. condemn, pass judgment against (18×)H1777 1. judge, adjudicate (18×)H1576 1. recompense, retribution (17×)H5359 1. vengeance, retribution (17×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [מָסַר] vb. si vera l. deliver up, offer (NH מָסַר; Aramaic ܡܣܰܪ deliver up, denounce, betray, מְסַר; HomZMG xlvi. 1892, 530 comp. Sab. מסר take away);— Qal Inf. cstr. לִמְסָר־מַ֫עַל בי׳ Nu 31:16 offer (commit) a trespass against י׳, but read לִמְעֹל, cf. Thes Di (v. Nu 5:6 2 Ch 36:14). Niph. Impf. וַיִּמָּֽסְרוּ Nu 31:5 delivered over to, assigned to (of warriors), read perhaps וַיִּסָּֽפְרוּ (𝔊 ἐξηρίθμησαν) cf. Thes.