H3795 H3795
Beaten, pounded; describing olive oil produced by crushing olives in a mortar, the finest grade for sacred use.
An adjective meaning 'beaten' or 'pounded,' used exclusively in the fixed phrase shemen katit ('beaten oil') to describe the highest-quality olive oil, produced not by pressing in a mill but by pounding olives in a mortar. This labor-intensive method yielded a purer, clearer oil reserved for the tabernacle lampstand (Exod 27:20; Lev 24:2) and for grain offerings (Exod 29:40; Num 28:5; 1 Kgs 5:11). Spanish 'machacado' ('crushed') and 'prensado' ('pressed') together illuminate the physical process behind this cultic term—the olives are beaten until they release their finest oil without the sediment of mechanical pressing.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Beaten or pounded, describing olive oil of the finest grade obtained by crushing olives in a mortar rather than pressing them mechanically. The term appears only in the construct phrase shemen katit ('beaten oil'). In Exod 27:20 and Lev 24:2 it specifies the pure beaten oil required to keep the tabernacle lamp burning continually; in Exod 29:40 and Num 28:5 it accompanies grain offerings; 1 Kgs 5:11 lists it among Solomon's annual provisions to Hiram. Spanish 'batido' and 'machacado' capture the physical beating process, while French 'battu' preserves the same etymological connection. 5×
AR["مَرضوضاً", "مَرضوضٍ", "مَرْضُوضًا", "مَرْضُوضٍ"]·ben["কুটিত", "পেষা", "পেষাই-করা"]·DE["beaten", "pressed"]·EN["beaten", "pressed"]·FR["battu", "beaten", "pressed"]·heb["כתית"]·HI["कूटा-हुआ"]·ID["tumbuk", "yang-ditumbuk"]·IT["battuto", "beaten", "pressed"]·jav["ditutuh", "ingkang-dipun-gepuk", "ingkang-dipun-pipis", "puru-purunan", "resik"]·KO["빻은", "짠", "찜짠짠"]·PT["batido", "puro"]·RU["выбитое", "выбитым", "выжатого"]·ES["batido", "machacado", "prensado"]·SW["safi", "yaliyopondwa"]·TR["dövülmüs", "dövülmüş", "saf"]·urd["کوٹا-ہوا", "کوٹے-ہوئے", "کُوٹے-ہوئے", "کٹا-ہوا"]
Related Senses
H1129 1. Qal: build, construct (316×)H2691a 1. court, courtyard, enclosure (142×)G4864 1. synagogue, place of Jewish assembly (56×)G5438 1. prison, place of confinement (41×)H4013 1. fortress, stronghold (37×)H0875 1. well, cistern (dug water source) (35×)H0352b 1. pillar or jamb of gateway (32×)H2474 1. window, opening in wall (32×)H1406 1. roof / rooftop (31×)H4609b 1. steps, stairs, stairway (31×)H1129 2. Nifal: be built, be established (30×)H0361 1. portico, porch (architectural structure) (27×)H1129 3. Qal participle: builder (27×)H1219 1. fortified, inaccessible (25×)H4581 1. fortress, stronghold (25×)H3805 1. capital of a pillar (24×)H4350 1. stand, base, pedestal (24×)H0759 1. palace, royal residence (21×)H4692 1. siege, besiegement (20×)G3618 1. build or construct physically (19×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† כָּתִית adj. beaten;—only in combin. שֶׁמֶן כָּתִית beaten oil, i.e. oil made by beating or pounding the olives in a mortar; especially fine and costly (cf. Levy NHWB ii. 443 sub כָּתִית);—1 K 5:25 Ex 29:40 Nu 28:5; שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ כ׳ לַמָּאוֹר Ex 27:20 pure beaten olive oil for the lamp = Lv 24:2 (Hex only P).