Building, Constructing

יָד1604 n.f. Gn 25:26 + often (m. †Ex 17:12 †v. Di; on יִרְפּוּ יָדַיִם 2 S 4:1 Zp 3:16 2 Ch 15:7 Ne 6:9, v. Ges§ 145. 7 a, R. 1) hand (NH id.; Aramaic יְדָא, ܐܻܝܕܳܐ; Zinj. יד DHMSendsch. Gloss.; Arabic يَدٌّ; Sab. יד DHMZMG 1883, 343 Mordt ib. 1879, 492; Ethiopic እድ (v. LagBN 22); Sam. ࠀࠃ; Assyrian idu, hand, strength COTGloss.; der. by most from √ ל״י, on ground of pl. and sf. forms in cogn. lang., v. especially Philippi ZMG 1878, 74 Ba ZMG 1887, 637, but no trace of final י or ו in Heb., and meaning of such √ ל״י not clear; Thes al. from ידה extend, throw, but this in Arabic Ethiopic פ״ו, not פ״י, cf. Heb. Hiph.; Philippi comp. Arabic يَدَى iv. strengthen;—Sta§ 182, 183 regards יד as bilit.)—abs. יָד Gn 38:28 +; cstr. יַד 41:35 +; sf. יָדִי 14:22 +; יָֽדְךָ 22:12 +; יָֽדְכָה Ex 13:16; יֶדְכֶם Gn 9:2 +; יֶדְכֶן Ez 13:21(×2), 23, etc.; du. יָדַיִם Gn 34:21 +; cstr. יְדֵי 24:30 +; וִידֵי Ex 15:17 +, etc.; fpl. (in fig. senses) abs. יָדוֹת Gn 43:34 + 8 times; יָדֹת 47:24 + 2 times; cstr. וִידוֹת 1 K 7:32; sf. יְדֹתָיו Ex 26:19(×2) + 2 times; יְדֹתֶיהָ 1 K 7:35, 36; יְדוֹתָם 1 K 7:33;— 1. hand of man Gn 3:22; 4:11; 8:9 + often; תַּבְנִית יָד Ez 8:3 the shape of a hand (of God in Ezek.’s vision); of cherubim ת׳ יַד אָדָם 10:8, דְּמוּת יְדֵי אָדָם v 21: a. right hand יַד־יְמִינ(וֹ) Gn 48:17 (JE), Ju 7:20 2 S 20:9 Je 22:24 Ez 39:3 ψ 73:23; 121:5; יד[ם] הַיְמָנִית Ex 29:20 Lv 8:23, 24; 14:14, 17, 25, 28 (all P); a left-handed man is אִטֵּד יַד־יְמִינוֹ Ju 3:15; 20:16 (v. אטד); left hand יַד שְׂמֹאל(וֹ) 3:21; 7:20 Ez 39:3; both hands of one pers. are denoted by du., יָדַיִם Gn 27:22 2 K 3:11 + often; occasionally + numeral, שְׁתֵּי יָדָ֑י Dt 9:15, 17, so Lv 16:21 (P); du. also of hands of several persons Gn 5:29 Ex 29:10, 15, 19 Dt 31:29 2 K 11:16 = 2 Ch 23:15, Ez 21:12 +; yet sometimes sg. of hand of several persons Gn 19:16 Ex 29:9 Lv 8:24 Dt 1:25; 17:7(×2) Ju 7:20(×2) +. b. שְׁתֵּי כַּפּוֹת ידיו 1 S 5:4 the two palms of his hands; כַּפּוֹת הידים 2 K 9:35 Dn 10:10; אַצִּילוֹת יָדֶיךָ 9 Je 38:12 Ez 13:18; בֹּהֶן יָדָיו Ex 29:20 (P) = his thumbs (opp. בֹּהֶן רַגְלָם); בְּהֹנוֹת יד(יו) ורגל(יו) Ju 1:6, 7; bracelets were worn on hands, i.e. wrists Gn 24:22, 30, 47 (J), cf. thread bound on hand of Zerach 38:28(×2), 29, 30 (J), and cords on hands of Samson Ju 15:14; the ring was worn on hand, i.e. finger Gn 41:42 (E), Est 3:10. c. as to hands in use, note זְרֹעֵי ידיו Gn 49:24 arms of his hands, i.e. arms which make his hands serviceable; מִלֵּא יָדוֹ בַּקֶּשֶׁת 2 K 9:24 he filled his hand with the bow, i.e. caused his hand to grasp it, seized it; הַרְכֵּב יָֽדְךָ עַל־הַקֶּשֶׁת 2 K 13:16(×2); especially fig. of consecrating or installing (as priest), מִלֵּא יַד he filled the hand of any one (perhaps orig. gave the selected portions of animal-sacrifices to, v. Lv 8:25 ff., so Di), installed as priest Ju 17:5, 12 1 K 13:33 (sq. וְ subord.); elsewhere only P and late: Ex 28:41 (‖ קִדַּשׁ), 29:9 also v 29 (‖ משׁח), v 33 (קדּשׁ), v 35 Lv 8:33 2 Ch 13:9; 29:31, sq. inf. Lv 16:32 (‖ משׁח), 21:10 (‖ יוּצַק שֶׁמֶן), Nu 3:3 (‖ משׁת); מִלֵּאתֶם יֶדְכֶם ליהוה 2 Ch 29:31 = ye have consecrated yourselves to י׳, is addressed appar. to the whole congregation (otherwise Be Öt and Di Ex 32:29); so the same expression Ex 32:29 (poss.) and 1 Ch 29:5 (certainly) of offering gifts to י׳; מִלְאוּ יָד֯ו Ez 43:26 of consecrating the altar (‖ כִּפֶּר, טִהַר); שָׁלַח יַד לְ Ju 5:26 stretch out hand to, so ישׁלח אֶל־ 2 S 6:6 (insert ידו Vrss Dr); hence מִשְׁלַח יד(כ)ם that to which one puts the hand, fig., = undertaking, †Dt 12:7, 18; 15:10; 23:21; 28:8, 20 †; שׁלח יד also in hostile sense, c. בְּ, Ex 22:7 1 S 24:7, 11; 26:11 ψ 55:21 +; cf. מוֹאָב מִשְׁלוֹחַ יָדָם Is 11:14; אֶבֶן יָד Nu 35:17 (P) a stone (thrown from) the hand; כְּלִי עֵץ־יָד v 18 a weapon in the hand; מַקֵּל יָד Ez 39:9 a staff in the hand; idols are מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵי וגו׳ Is 2:8 + often v. מַעֲשֶׂה²" dir="rtl" >מַעֲשֶׂה; man is work of God’s hand Jb 14:15. d. special phrases: kissing with the hand וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Jb 31:27; (in silence) יָדִי שַׂמְתִּי לְמוֹ פִי 40:4 Mi 7:16 (עַל־פֶּה); the creditor is בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֹ Dt 15:2; the debt מַשָּׁא כָל־יָד Ne 10:32; תְּרוּמַת יֶדְכֶם Dt 12:6, 11, 17 heave-offering of your hand; the hand is placed תחת יָרֵךְ in taking an oath Gn 24:2 (J); lifted (הרים) to י׳ 14:22; so perhaps יָד עַל־כֵּם יָהּ Ex 17:16 (E) hand on the throne of Yah! (but difficult, v. Di VB); often c. נשׂא: the hand is lifted (נשׂא) to heaven Dt 32:40 (of י׳’s oath, poem); elsewhere chiefly Ez and P: simply lift (נשׂא) the hand (= נשׁבע), sq. inf. Ex 6:8 Nu 14:30 (both P), Ez 20:28, 42; 47:14; sq. לְ pers. Ez 20:5(×2) (del. Co as gloss); sq. לְ pers. + inf. Ez 20:6, 15, 23; abs. 36:7; hence (citations) Ne 9:15 ψ 106:26; cf. Ne 8:6 the people answered אָמֵן אָמֵן בְּמֹעַל יְדֵיהֶם; נשׂא יד(ים) elsewhere (of men) in prayer ψ 28:2; cf. 68:32, and יָדִי לַיְלָה נִגְּרָה 77:3. Also of God, to give a signal Is 49:22; to rescue ψ 10:12. יְנֹפֵף יָדוֹ Is 10:32 he brandisheth his hand (Assyrian, in defiance); הֵנִיף יָדוֹ Is 11:15 (of י׳ in judgment), cf. 19:16 Zc 2:13 (sq. על); הֵנִיעַ יָדוֹ Zp 2:15 (in derision); הוֹשִׁיעַ יד לְ one’s hand bringing deliverance to, gaining success, by force, for 1 S 25:26 + (v. Dr), ins. also v 31 (𝔊 We Dr); the hand is weary יָֽגְעָה 2 S 23:10, it cleaves (דבק) to the sword (אֶל־הַחֶרֶב) v 10 (both om. by accident in ‖ 1 Ch 11:13, see VB); שֶׁבֶר יָד Lv 21:19 (H) fracture of hand = arm (‖ שֶׁבֶר רגל); after נָתַן: give a pledge וַיִּתְּנוּ יָדָם לְהוֹצִיא נְשֵׁיהֶם Ezr 10:19; submit נָתַן יַד תַּחַת שְׁלֹמֹה 1 Ch 29:24, i.e. they acknowledged him as their lord; תְּנוּ־יָד ליהוה 2 Ch 30:8; other phr. c. prep. v. infr. e. of hand as strong, helpful, etc.:—(1) of man: עֹצֶם יָדִי Dt 8:17 (‖ כֹּחִי); of fighting power of Edom בְּיָד חֲזָקָה Nu 20:20 (JE; ‖ בְּעַם כָּבֵד; cf. infr. of God); קִצְרֵי־יָד small in power 2 K 19:26 = Is 37:27 (cf. infr. of God); Isr. went out of Egypt בְּיָד רָמָה according to P, Ex 14:8 Nu 33:3 i.e. boldly, defiantly; same phr. of presumptuousness (against י׳) Nu 15:30 (P, cf. יָדֵנוּ רָ֫מָה Dt 32:27). Phrases of strengthening are: חִזַּק יָדָיו Ju 9:24 Ne 6:9; חִזַּק בְּיָדַיִם Ezr 1:6; החזיק בְּיַד־ Jb 8:20 (v. חזק); לִהְיוֹת יָדָיו אִתּוֹ 2 K 15:19 that his hands might be with him, to confirm his position; cf. 2 S 14:19 Je 26:24 1 Ch 4:10; note also מִי־הוּא לְיָדִי יִתָּקֵעַ Jb 17:3 who is he (that) will strike his hand into mine, i.e. give me a pledge (v. sub תקע); strength fails when hands drop: וַיִּרְפּוּ יָדָיו 2 S 4:1 then his hands dropped down, he grew feeble, spiritless (v. רפה); רְפֵי יָדַיִם 17:2 11 weak-handed, weak (‖ יָגֵעַ). (2) of (mighty) hand of God, pointing to earlier anthropomorphism; as strengthening Joseph Gn 49:24 (poem in J); as stretched out (שׁלח) to smite Ex 9:15 (J); so of מַלְאַךְ י׳ 2 S 24:16, sq. acc. + לְ inf., opp. הֶ֫רֶף יָדֶ֑ךָ v 16; as smiting (נָֽגְעָה בְּ) 1 S 6:9 Jb 19:21; as against (בְ among, in) cattle, etc., v 3 (J); city 1 S 5:9; the murrain v 3 (J); יַד־יהוה as heavy against (כבדה אֶל) 1 S 5:6; כָּֽבְדָה שָׁם v 11; קָֽשְׁתָה עַל v 7; of withdrawal of י׳’s chastising hand תָּסוּר יָדוֹ מִכֶּם 1 S 6:3; and (י׳ subj.) יָקֵל אֶת־יָדוֹ מֵעֲלֵיכֶם v 5; of י׳’s power to deliver his people:—†חֹ֫זֶק יָד Ex 13:3, 14, 16 (all JE) †; יָד חֲזָקָה 6:1(×2) (JE), 13:9 (JE), Dt 6:21; 7:8 Jos 4:24 (D); especially in phr. (בְּ)יָד חֲזָקָה וּ(בִ)זְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה Dt 4:34 + (v. זְרוֹעַ p. 284); יד חזקה + כֹּחַ גָּדוֹל Ex 32:11 (JE), Ne 1:10; הֲיַד י׳ תִּקְצָ֑ר Nu 11:23 (JE) is the hand of י׳ shortened? Is 50:2; 59:1 (both sq. מִן); יָד נְטוּיָה in judgment Is 9:11, 16, 20; 10:4; הָֽיְתָה יַד־י׳ עלי(ו) of grasp of י׳’s hand in prophetic inspiration Ez 1:3; 3:22; 37:1; 40:1 2 K 3:15; יַד־י׳ עָלַי חזקה Ez 3:14; so בְּחֶזְקַת הַיָּד֑ Is 8:11; of God’s (י׳’s) good hand = favour, (late) יַד אלה(יו) טוֹבָה על(יו) Ezr 7:9; 8:18 Ne 2:8, 18; without טוֹבָה Ezr 7:6, 28; 8:22, 31; sq. inf. יַד האלהים לָתֵת לָהֶם 2 Ch 30:12; בֳּיֽדְךָ לְגַדֵּל 1 Ch 29:12; in gen. בֳּיֽדְךָ כֹּחַ וּגְבוּרָה v 12; of protection בְּצֵל יָדוֹ Is 49:2 in the shadow of his (י׳’s) hand. 2. Fig. = strength, power:—לֹא הָיָה בָהֶם יָדַיִם לָנוּס Jos 8:20 (JE) there was not in them strength to flee; לֹא מָֽצְאוּ כָל־אַנְשֵׁי־חַיִל יְדֵיהֶם ψ 76:6 none of the men of might have found their hands, i.e. their powers are paralyzed in death (‖ נָמוּ שְׁנָתָם); with ref. to pecuniary ability: תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֹ דֵּי שֶׂה Lv 5:7 (on this and others c. דֵּי v. דַּי p. 191); תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֹ לִשְׁתֵּי תוֹרִים v 11 if his hand do not reach to two turtledoves; אֵין יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת 14:21 if his hand be unable to reach; so combinations with נשׂג Hiph.: v 22, 30, 31, 32 Nu 6:21 (all foregoing P), Lv 25:26, 47, 49; 27:8 (all H), Ez 46:7; כְּמַתְּנַת יָדוֹ Dt 16:17 according to the giving of his hand, i.e. his ability; similarly מַתַּת יָדוֹ Ez 46:5, 11; on יֶשׁ־לְאֵל יָדִי Gn 31:29, etc., v. אֵל⁴" dir="rtl" >ii. אֵל p. 43a supr.; other phr. c. prep. v. infr.; of dominion of king לְהָשִׁיב יָדוֹ בְּ 2 S 8:3 read prob. as ‖ 1 Ch 18:3 לְהַצִּיב יָדוֹ בְּ to establish his dominion at; hand = display of strength, action of י׳ ψ 78:42 Jb 27:11 Dt 34:12; especially הַיָּד הַגֶּדֹלָה אֲשֶׁד עָשָׂה י׳ Ex 14:31 (J) = the great achievement which י׳ did. 3. Fig. = side: a. of way יַד דֶּרֶךְ 1 S 4:13 Qr (Kt יך; but read prob. לְיַד השׁער v. Dr). b. of gate בְּעַד יַד־הַשַּׁעַר 1 S 4:18 (text dub., v. Dr). c. of stream or wady כָּל־יַד נַחַל יַבֹּק Dt 2:37. Especially du.: d. of land, ארץ רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם Gn 34:21 (P) the land is wide of (on) both hands, i.e. in both directions, Ju 18:10 Is 22:18 1 Ch 4:40; of city Ne 7:4; of sea ψ 104:25; of streams רַחֲבֵי יָדָ֑יִם Is 33:21; מִיַּד כִּתִּים Nu 24:24 (JE) from the direction of Kittim.—Other phr. c. prep. v. infr. e. side = place, properly place at one side וְיָד תִּהְיֶה לְךָ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה Dt 23:13; אִישׁ אֶת־יָדוֹ Je 6:3 each (in) his place; so כָּל־אִישׁ עַל־יָדוֹ Nu 2:17 (P);—v. other phrases c. prep. infr. 4. יָד is used also in special senses:— a. monument 1 S 15:12; 2 S 18:18; 1 Ch 18:3 Is 56:5 sign Ez 21:24. †b. part, fractional part or share: of seed Gn 47:24 (J); share in king 2 S 19:44; of fighting men 2 K 11:7; of people Ne 11:1. †c. time, repetition Gn 43:34 (J), Dn 1:20. Also f.pl. (only in fig. senses):— †d. axle-trees 1 K 7:32, 33 (𝔖 ܐܻܝ̈ܕܰܗܳܬܳܐ). †e. stays, supports for laver 1 K 7:35, 36; stays at sides of throne 1 K 10:19(×2) = 2 Ch 9:18(×2). †f. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle שְׁתֵּי יָדוֹת Ex 26:17 (P), also v 19(×2) 36:22, 24(×2). g. יָד חָזִית Is 57:8 according to Hi De Che Or Brd Du and most = a phallus thou beholdest; this favoured by context but without support in Heb. usage; Di a (beckoning) hand. 5. יָד with prep.:— a. אֶל־יַד:—(1) after vb. of motion, into the charge, custody, of Est 2:3, 8(×2), 14; (2) אֶל־יַד by the side of gate 2 S 18:4; אֶל־יָדִי by my side, next to me 14:30; אֶל־יַד דֶּרֶךְ Ez 48:1a; אֶל־יַד חֲמָת v b (but on text v. Co); cf. also לְיַד, עַל־יַד. b. בְּיַד into the hand: (1) נָתַן בְּיַד give into the hand of, lit., Gn 27:17; (2) into the possession of נָתַן בְּיַד Ex 10:25 (JE); especially (3) נתן ביד = give into the power of, deliver over to Jos 6:2; 7:7 (both JE), Dt 1:27 Ju 2:14a; 13:1; 15:12 1 K 22:6 2 K 18:30; 19:10; מָכַר בְּיַד sell into the hand of Ju 2:14b; 3:8; 4:2, 9; 10:7; נפל בְּיַד fall into the hand of 15:18 2 S 24:14; וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פִּשְׁעָם Jb 8:4 and he delivered them into the power of their transgression, gave them over to it; also Is 64:6, which read וַתְּמַגְּנֵנוּ for MT וַתְּמוּגֵנוּ; (4) נתן בְּיַד = entrust to Gn 30:35; 32:17. c. בְּיַד in the hand of: (1) lit. מַטְּךָ אֲשֶׁר בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ Gn 38:18 (J) thy staff which is in thy hand, Ex 7:17 (J), 17:9 (E), 32:15 Nu 22:23, 31 Jos 5:13; 8:18 (all JE), 1 S 13:22; 14:27; 17:50; 18:10; 20:10 2 K 11:8, 11 = 2 Ch 23:7, Am 7:7 Is 6:6 Ez 40:3, 5; 47:3 Zc 2:5; 8:4; אֵין בְּיָדִי רָעָה וָפֶ֫שַׁע 1 S 14:12 there is not in my hand evil or transgression (orig. prob. of stains of blood, or other evidences of crime); מַה־בְּיָדִי רָעָה 26:18; (2) fig. in the possession of, Ex 21:16 (JE); נִמְצָא בְּיָדִי 1 S 9:8 there is found in my hand, i.e. I happen to have (¼ shekel); (3) in the (physical) power of Gn 16:6 (J; cf. תִּתְעַנִּי תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ v 9), Jb 1:12; בְּיַד לָשׁוֹן Pr 18:21 in the power of a tongue; in the care or charge of, entrusted to, Gn 39:23 (J); under the authority of 2 S 18:2(×3); Nu 31:49 (P);—in Je 41:9 (AV because of Gedaliah), read בּוֹר גָּדוֹל הוּא for ביד גדליהו הוא 𝔊 Hi Kue Gf Che Gie DrSm 291; (4) בְּיַד also with vbs. of taking, וַיִּקַּח בְּיָדוֹ אֶת־הָאֵשׁ Gn 22:6 and he took the fire in his hand, Ex 4:17, 20, 21 (all E), 1 S 17:40 2 K 9:1; thence to denote accompaniment, taking or being with one Jos 9:11 (JE), 2 S 8:10; 1 K 14:3 2 K 5:5; אִישׁ שׁוֹרוֹ בְּיָדוֹ 1 S 14:34 cf. 16:2; קַח בֳּי��דְךָ שְׁלשִׁים אֲנָשִׁים Je 38:10. d. בְּיַד by the agency or instrumentality of Gn 38:20 (J), Ju 6:36; 1 S 11:7; 16:20 2 S 3:18; 10:2; 11:14; 12:25; 2 K 14:27; 2 Ch 1:17; 7:6 (orig. lit. sense discernible sometimes); especially of י׳’s speaking by the agency of prophets Ex 9:35 (R), Lv 8:36; 10:11 Nu 4:37, 45; 9:23; 10:13; 17:5; Jos 14:2; 20:2; 21:2, 8 (all P), 1 S 28:15, 17; 1 K 16:7, 12, 34; 2 K 9:36; 17:18, 28; 2 Ch 10:15; 33:8; 34:14; 35:6; Ne 8:14; 9:14, 30; מוּת בְּיַד י׳ Ex 16:3 (P) die by the hand of י׳; בְּיַד by the side of (very rare) ψ 141:6; Zc 4:12 olive-branches beside the two golden pipes; = near to, in time, נָכוֹן בְּיָדוֹ יוֹם חשֶׁךְ Jb 15:23 ready at his hand is a day of darkness (i.e. near at hand). e. כְּיַד הַמֶּלֶךְ 1 K 10:13; Est 1:7; 2:18 according to the hand (bounty) of the king. f. יָד לְיָד ‘hand to hand, surely’ Pr 11:21 לְיַד by the side of 1 S 19:3; 1 Ch 18:17; 23:28; Ne 11:24; Pr 8:3 ψ 140:6. g. מִיַּד out of the hand:—(1) out of the power of, often nearly = מִן, used idiomat. c. many vbs.: c. הִצִּיל Gn 32:12(×2) (J), Ex 2:19; 18:9, 10(×2) (all JE), 1 S 17:37; מִתַּחַת יַד Ex 18:10 (JE; so c. פשׁע 2 Ch 21:8, 10(×2); cf. i. infr.); of animals מִיַּד 1 S 17:37(×2), מִיַּדִ־כֶּלֶב ψ 22:21; even of inanimate things י׳ לֶהָבָה Is 47:14 י׳ פַּח ψ 141:9; c. לָקַח Nu 21:26 (JE), 1 K 11:34, 35; c. קָרַע v 12, 31; c. מִלֵּט, מ׳ מִיַּד שְׁאוֹל ψ 89:49; c. פָּדָה, פ׳ מִיַּד שְׁאוֹל Ho 13:14 (‖ מִמָּ֫וֶת), ψ 49:16; פ׳ מִידֵי חֶרֶב Jb 5:20; pregn. יִשְׁפְּטֵנִי מִיָּדֶ֑ךָ 1 S 24:16 may he (י׳) judge (and save) me out of thy hand; so 2 S 18:19 and (with רִיב for שׁפט) 1 S 25:39; (2) מִיַּד of separation, מִיָּֽדְךָ נִגְזָ֑רוּ ψ 88:6 of wicked, cut off from nearness to God; (3) דָּרַשׁ מִיַּד exact (at the hand) of 2 S 4:11; Gn 9:5(×2) (P), Ez 33:6; 34:10 (= דָּרַשׁ מֵעִם Dt 18:19), also of animals Gn 9:5; בִּקֵּשׁ מִיַּד Ez 33:8; קָנָה מִיַּד Ru 4:5, 9 acquire at the hand of; נִקַּם מִיַּד 2 K 9:7; הִקְרִיב מִיַּד Lv 22:25 (H), רָצָה מִיַּד (י׳ subj.) Mal 1:10, 13; לָקַח רָצוֹן מִיַּד 2:13. h. עַל־יד(י):—(1) upon the hand(s) of תְּנָה אֹתוֹ עַל־יָדִי Gn 42:37 = entrust him to me (E; lit. put him upon my hand); יַגִּירֻהוּ עַל־יְדֵי־חָ֑רֶב ψ 63:11 they shall pour him out upon the hands of the sword = deliver him up to the sword; so Je 18:21 Ez 35:5; (2) עַל־יָד by hand Pr 13:11; עַל־יַד, עַל־יְדֵי according to the hand(s) of = at the guidance, direction of: עַל־יַד 1 Ch 25:2a; 2 Ch 26:13; עַל־יְדֵי Je 5:31; 33:13; so 1 Ch 25:2b, 3, 6(×2); עַל־יְדֵי דָוִיד 2 Ch 23:18 Ezr 3:10; עַל־יְדֵי כְּלִי דָוִיד 2 Ch 29:27 according to the guidance of the instruments of David; (3) by the side of, way עַל־יַד דֶּרֶךְ הַשַּׁעַר 2 S 15:2; river (היאר) עַל־יַד Ex 2:5 (E), Nu 13:29 (JE; ‖ עַל־הַיָּם), Je 46:6 Dn 10:4; city Jos 15:46 (JE); person (= in the company of) 2 S 15:18; people 2 Ch 21:16; especially late עַל־יַד next to (in a series) 17:15, 16, 18; 31:15 Ne 3:2(×2) + 13 times Ne 3, 13:13; עַל־יְדֵי by the side of Ju 11:26; people (אדום) עַל־יְדֵי Nu 34:3 (P), 1 Ch 7:29; cattle Jb 1:14; הֶעֱמִיד עַל־יְדֵי שִׁיר 1 Ch 6:16 he stationed them by the side of song, i.e. to watch over the singing. i. תַּחַת יַד under the hand = in the possession, at the disposal of; וְאִין יֶשׁ־פֹּה תַֿחַת־יָֽדְךָ חֲנִית וגו׳ 1 S 21:9; = in the power of, subject to Is 3:6 come, thou shalt be our ruler and this ruin under thy hand; pl. sq. vb., וְהִתְעַנִּי תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ Gn 16:9 (J) and submit thyself under her hands, her authority, Is 3:6.—מִתַּחַת יַד v. g. (1) supr., and sub תַּ֫חַת²" dir="rtl" >תַּחַת. for מִתַּחַת יַד, 2 K 8:20, 22 (= 2 Ch 21:8, 10), 13:5; 17:7.

בָּנָה373 vb. build (MI, Nab. Eut No. 1 בנה, Ph. בן, Arabic بَنَا Assyrian banû COTGloss. cf. BaZMG 1887, 640, Sab. בני CIS iv. 1, No. 56, Aramaic בְּנָא, ܒܢܳܐ Palm. בנא VogNo. 31)— Qal Pf. ב׳ Dt 20:5 +, בָּֽנְתָה Pr 9:1; 14:1, בָּנִיתָ Dt 6:10, בָּנִתָה 1 K 9:3; וּבָנִ֫יתָ consec. Dt 20:20 +; בָּנִיתְ Ez 16:25; בָּנִיתִי 1 K 8:13 +; pl. בָּנוּ Gn 11:5 +, etc.; Impf. יִבְנֶה Dt 25:9 +; juss. וְיִבֶן Ezr 1:3 וַיִּבְנֶה Jos 19:50 + 2 times וַיִּ֫בֶן Gn 2:22 +; sf. יִבְנֵ֫הוּ Jb 20:19; 3 fs. וַתִּ֫בֶן 1 Ch 7:24 Zc 9:3; אֶבְנֶה 2 S 7:27 +; pl. יִבְנוּ Is 65:22 +, etc.; Imv. בְּנֵה Nu 23:1 +; pl. בְּנוּ Nu 32:24 +; Inf. abs. בָּנֹה 1 K 8:13; cstr. בְּנוֹת 1 Ch 6:17 +, etc.; Pt. act. בֹּנֶה (בּוֹנֶ��) Gn 4:17 +; cstr. בֹּנֵה ψ 147:2; pl. בּוֹנִים (בֹּנִים) Ezr 4:1 +; cstr. בֹּנֵי 1 K 5:32(×2), etc.; pass. בָּנוּי Ct 4:4 Ju 6:28; f. בְּנוּיָה ψ 122:3; pl. בְּנוּיִם Ne 7:4;—build, 1. (lit.) a. c. acc. (α) of city (Hex only JE) Gn 4:17; 10:11; 11:4, 5 (+ tower) v 8 (all J & his sources); Ex 1:11 Nu 32:24 Jos 24:13 (all E) Ju 1:26; 18:28 + 22 times K Ch + Je 32:31 ψ 122:3 (pt. pass.) cf. Hb 2:12; of village (חָצֵר) Ne 12:29; v. also sub rebuild, i. infr.; (β) house Gn 33:17 (J), elsewhere in Hex only Dt 6:10; 8:12; 20:20; 28:30; also 2 S 5:11 1 K 22:39 1 Ch 14:1 2 Ch 2:2 Pr 24:27 Am 5:11 Zp 1:13 Is 65:21 Je 35:7, 9 cf. Zc 5:11; as sign of security Ez 28:26 cf. 11:3; of luxury Ec 2:4 cf. Je 22:14; of permanent residence 1 K 2:36 Je 29:5, 28; especially of temple 1 K 3:1; 5:32; 6:2 + often S K Chr; fig. of wisdom’s house Pr 9:1; especially build temple ליהוה etc. 2 S 7:5, 7 1 K 6:1 (= began to build) + 13 times Chr + Is 66:1; לְשֵׁם י׳ etc. 2 S 7:13 1 K 5:17 + 8 times K, 13 times Ch; לְךָ לְשִׁמְךָ 2 Ch 20:8; לִהְיוֹת שְׁמִי שָׁם 1 K 8:16 2 Ch 6:5; לָשׂוּם שְׁמִי שָׁם 1 K 9:3; obj. chambers, or stories 1 K 6:5, 10, court 6:36 Ho 8:14 perhaps of idolt-temples; cf. 1 K 16:32; ψ 78:69 of Yahweh’s building his sanctuary, 147:2 Jerusalem, ψ 127:1 a house; also Am 9:6 his chambers in the heavens; of Sol.’s palace 1 K 7:1, 2; 9:1, 10 +; (γ) of a fortress 2 Ch 17:12 27:4 cf. of Tyre Zc 9:3 (מָצוֹר); (δ) of wall 1 K 3:1 Is 60:10 Ez 13:10 2 Ch 33:14 (cf. 27:3) Ne 4:4; 6:1 +; (ε) gate 2 K 15:35 = 2 Ch 27:3; (ζ) tower Is 5:2 2 Ch 26:9, 10; 27:4 cf. fig. Ct 8:9 & pt. pass. Ct 4:4 (in sim.); † (η) siege-works against (עַל־) a city Dt 20:20 (מָצוֹר), Ec 9:14 (מְצוֹרִים), 2 K 25:1 = Je 52:4 Ez 4:2 (all דָּיֵק), & so (without עַל־) Ez 17:17; 21:27; cf. בנה עָלַי, abs. La 3:5 (in fig.); (θ) altar Gn 22:9; 35:7 Ex 17:15; 20:25; 24:4 Nu 23:1, 14, 29 (all E), Gn 26:25 Ex 32:5 (both J), Jos 22:11 + 6 times Jos 22 (all P) Ju 6:28 (pt. pass.) 21:4 + 6 times K Ch; often sq. ליהוה etc. Gn 8:20; 12:7, 8; 13:18 (all J), Dt 27:5, 6 Jos 8:30 (E) Ju 6:24, 26 + 8 times S K Ch; †(ι) high places (בָּמָה) 1 K 11:7; 14:23 2 K 17:9; 21:3; 23:13 2 Ch 33:3, 19 Je 7:31; 19:5; 32:35; cf. גַּב²" dir="rtl" >גַּב Ez 16:24, 31 (both ‖ רָמָה) & רָמָה v 25; †(κ) צִיּוּן Ez 39:15; also †(λ) גִּדְרֹת צֹאן Nu 32:16 (E); †(μ) מיּ֯סַךְ הַשַּׁבָּת 2 K 16:18. †b. c. acc. of material Ex 20:25 (E) 1 K 6:36; 18:32; 15:22 = 2 Ch 16:6 Ez 27:5; c. בְּ of material 1 K 6:15, 16; 15:17 2 Ch 16:6; cf. †c. וַיִּבֶן אֶת־הַצֵּלָע לְאִשָּׁה Gn 2:22 and he (Yahweh) fashioned the rib into a woman. †d. abs. 2 S 5:9 1 K 6:16 Is 9:9 Je 1:10; 18:9; 22:13; 31:28 Is 65:22 + 12 times Chr + Mal 1:4 Ec 3:3 (opp. פרץ); also e. Pt. act. = builder 1 K 5:32(×2) + 6 times Chr + Ez 27:4 ψ 118:22; 127:1. †f. cf. indef. obj. 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6. †g. וַיִּבֶן אֶת־הָהָר = and he built on the hill 1 K 16:24. †h. sq. בְּ build at Zc 6:15 Ne 4:11 (cf. בְּ i 2 b, p. 88). †i. = rebuild Jos 6:26 1 K 16:34 Am 9:14 Is 45:13 ψ 69:36 Ne 2:5 Dn 9:25 all of city; cf. phrase בנה חָרְבוֹת עוֹלָם Is 58:12; 61:4 & Ez 36:36 Mal 1:4 Jb 3:14; of walls Mi 7:11 2 Ch 32:5 Ne 2:17; 3:33, 35, 38; 6:6 ψ 51:20 (act. of י׳); of gate Ne 3:1, 13, 14, 15; temple Zc 6:12, 13 Ezr 1:3; alter 2 Ch 33:16 (Qr וַיִּבֶן so Bö ויכן, from כון, so Öt), Ezr 3:2; high places 2 K 21:3 = 2 Ch 33:3; in some of these apparently an idea of merely repairing; so, sometimes with added notion of enlarging etc., city Nu 32:34, 37, 38 (E) Jos 19:50 (P) Ju 21:23 2 K 14:22 = 2 Ch 26:2, 1 Ch 11:8 2 Ch 8:2; 11:6 cf. Mi 3:10; Millo 1 K 9:24; 11:27; cf. house Jb 20:19. 2. fig. a. build a house (בית) = perpetuate and establish a family; subj. Leah & Rachel Ru 4:11; subj. a brother Dt 25:9; subj. י׳ (promise to David) 1 S 2:35 2 S 7:27 1 K 11:38 1 Ch 17:10 and 17:25; (to Solomon) 1 K 11:38; cf. further סֻכַּת דָּוִד Am 9:11 (rebuild, restore); = cause a household to flourish Pr 14:1 cf. opp. 27:18; also of establishing David’s throne ψ 89:5. b. build up Israel (after exile) subj. י׳ Je 24:6; 31:4; 33:7; 42:10 cf. 45:4 & ψ 28:5; obj. Zion ψ 102:17. †Niph. Pf. נִבְנָה 1 K 3:2; 6:7, נִבְנְתָה Nu 13:22 Ne 7:1, וְנִבְנְתָה consec. Je 30:18 + 2 times; 2 fs. וְנִבְנֵית consec. Je 31:4; 3 pl. נִבְנוּ Mal 3:15; וְנִבְנוּ consec. Je 12:16 Ez 36:33; Impf. יִבָּנֶה Jb 12:14 + 4 times; 3 fs. תִּבָּנֶה Nu 21:27 + 3 times; 2 ms. תִּבָּנֶה Jb 22:23, אִבָּנֶה Gn 16:2, וְאִבָּנֶה Gn 30:3; 3 fpl. תִּבָּנֶינָה Ez 36:10; 2 fpl. תִּבָּנֶינָה Is 44:26; Inf. לְהִבָּנוֹת Hg 1:2 Zc 8:9, בְּהִבָּנֹתוֹ 1 K 6:7(×2); Pt. נִבְנֶה 1 Ch 22:19;— 1. a. be built, (lit.) of city Nu 13:22; of temple 1 K 3:2 (לְשֵׁם י׳) 1 K 6:7(×3) (c. acc. mater.); Pt. = to be built (gerundive) 1 Ch 22:19. b. be rebuilt: of city of Sihon Nu 21:27 cf. Is 25:2; 44:26, of wall of Jerusalem Ne 7:1, of Jerusalem Je 30:18; 31:4, 38 Is 44:28 cf. Dn 9:25 תָּשׁוּב וְנִבְנְתָה, & Ez 26:14 (c. עוֹד), of ruinous places (הֶחֳרָבוֹת) Ez 36:10, 33, of a devoted city Dt 13:17 (c. עוֹד), of temple Hg 1:2 Zc 1:16; 8:9, indef. subj. Jb 12:14. 2. a. (fig.) of restored exiles, = established Je 12:16, of prosperous wicked Mal 3:15, of repentant offender Jb 22:23. b. established, made permanent, subj. חֶסֶד ψ 89:3 (c. עוֹלָם), subj. בַּיִת Pr 24:3 (by wisdom). c. of childless wife, by means of concubine אִבָּנֶה מִמֶּנָּה Gn 16:2; 30:3 I shall be built up, i.e. become the mother of a family, from or through her; cf. >Qal 2 a.

† יָצַק vb. pour, cast, flow (Talm. id.)— Qal Pf. יָצַק Lv 8:15 + 2 times; וְיָצַק consec. 2:1; 14:15; וַיִּצֹק Lv 8:12 sf. יְצָקָם 1 K 7:46 2 Ch 4:17, etc.; Impf. יִצֹּק Lv 14:26 Nu 5:15; וַיִּצֹּק Gn 28:18 + 8 times; וַיִּ֫צֶק 1 K 22:35 (intrans.); 3 fs. וַתִּצֹּק 2 S 13:9; אֶצֹּק Is 44:3; אֶצָּק־ v 3; וַיִּֽצְקוּ 2 K 4:40; Imv. יְצֹק Ez 24:3; צַק 2 K 4:41; יִצְקוּ 1 K 18:34; Inf. צֶ֫קֶת Ex 38:27 Jb 38:38; Pt. pass. Jb 28:2 + 5 times; pl. יְצוּקִים 2 Ch 4:3; יְצֻקִים 1 K 7:24; יְצֻקוֹת v 30;— 1. pour, pour out, oil, in anointing, sq. acc. (שׁמן) + על Gn 28:18 (E), 35:14 (J); sq. מִשֶּׁמֶן + על Lv 8:12 (P); sq. על (שׁמן implied from context) Ex 29:7 (P), 1 S 10:1 2 K 9:3; sq. שֶׁמֶן + אֶל־ v 6; fig., c. רוּחִי + על Is 44:3; oil in sacrifice, + על Lv 2:1, 6 Nu 5:15; in cleansing, + על Lv 14:15, 26 (upon his palm; all P); oil into (על) vessels 2 K 4:4; water, for washing, + על 3:11; for drenching, + על 1 K 18:34; for boiling (into (בְ) the caldron), symbol., Ez 24:3; for satisfying thirst (fig.) + על Is 44:3; blood (of sacrifice) + אֶל־יְסוֹד Lv 8:15; 9:9 (P); pottage, for eating, 2 K 4:40, 41; cakes (לְבִבוֹת) 2 S 13:9; fig. of disease יָצוּק בּוֹ ψ 41:9 infused into him (al. less prob. as 3 molten, i. e. fixed upon). 2. cast (objects of metal) Ex 25:12; 26:37; 36:36; 37:3, 13; 38:5, 27 (all P), 1 K 7:46 = 2 Ch 4:17, 1 K 7:24, 30; 2 Ch 4:3. 3. Pt. pass. as adj. fig. cast, hard, of crocodile’s scales Jb 41:15; of crocodile’s heart v 16(×2) (as stone). 4. intrans. flow, pour, only וַיִּצֶ֫ק 1 K 22:35 (of blood), Jb 38:38 בְּצֶקֶת עָפָר לַמּוּצָק. Hiph. Impf. וַיַּצִּ֫קוּ 2 S 15:24; וַיַּצִּקֻם Jos 7:23; Pt. f. מֹי‌֯צָ֑קֶת 2 K 4:5;—pour (oil) 2 K 4:5, fig. of shekels of silver, etc., pour out Jos 7:23; of the ark, 2 S 15:24 set down (?); but read וַיַּצִּיגוּ (Dr Gr). Hoph. Pf. הוּצַק ψ 45:3; Impf. יוּצַק Lv 21:10 Jb 22:16; Pt. מוּצָ֑ק 1 K 7:23, 33 2 Ch 4:2 Jb 37:18; מֻצָק 11:15; cstr. מֻצַּק 1 K 7:16;— 1. be poured, subj. שֶׁמֶן, sq. על (in anointing), Lv 21:10 (H); fig. of foundation of wicked Jb 22:16, v. Di; of grace חֵן, on lips, ψ 45:3 (sq. ב), v. Che. 2. Pt. = cast, molten הים המ׳ 1 K 7:23 = 2 Ch 4:2, ראי Jb 37:18; as pred. 1 K 7:33; cstr. as subst. מֻֽצַּק נְחֹשֶׁת 1 K 7:16. 3. Pt., fig. firmly established, pred. of pers., וְהָיִיתָ מ׳ Jb 11:15 and thou shalt be established (‖ לֹא תִירָא). Cf. צוּק²" dir="rtl" >II צוק (p. 848).

יָסַד vb. establish, found, fix (NH id. especially Pi; Aramaic יְסַד perhaps orig. fix firm or close; Arabic وِسَادٌ pillow; vb. denom. ii. fix as a pillow against one; v. lean against, recline, Lane 2940 Saad Gn 28:11; in Heb. usually fix firm so as to found)— Qal Pf. יָסַד ψ 104:5; Pr 3:19; sf. יְסָדָהּ ψ 24:2 + 3 times; 3 fs. יָסְֽדָה Is 48:13; יָסַדְתָּ ψ 104:8; יָסַ֑֫דְתָּ 102:26; sf. יְסַדְתּוֹ Hab 1:12; יְסַדְתָּם ψ 89:12; 119:152; וִיסַדְתִּיךְ consec. Is 54:11; Inf. וִיסוֹד 2 Ch 24:27; לִיסּוֹד 31:7 (v. Ges§ 69, 2, R. 1; Baer לְיִסּוֹד); לִיסֹד Is 51:16; יָסְדִי Jb 38:4; יָסְדוֹ Ezr 3:12; Pt. יֹסֵד Is 51:13 Zc 12:1 + Is 28:16 (Che crit. n., MT יִסַּד);—found, establish, c. acc., the earth ψ 24:2 (‖ כונן), cf. 78:69 (obj. om.), 89:12; 102:26; 104:5 cf. v 8 (sq. לְ), Pr 3:19; Is 48:13; Jb 38:4; Is 51:13, 16; Zc 12:1, vault of heaven Am 9:6; of founding the second temple Ezr 3:12, of restoration under Joash, Inf. יְסוֹד 2 Ch 24:27; metaph. of future Israel Is 54:11; of י׳, establish the Chaldaean (as his instrument) להוכיח for correction Hb 1:12 (‖ שִׂים), his commandments ψ 119:152; in weakened sense (si vera l.) יָסַד לְצִיִּים Is 23:13 appoint a city for desert-creatures (on meaning in context, v. Di); appoint, fix Ezr 7:9 emend. (v. יְסֻד); found, begin, heaps of offerings in י׳’s house 2 Ch 31:7. Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נוֹסְדוּ ψ 2:2; Impf. 2 ms. תִּוָּסֵד Is 44:28; Inf. הִוָּסְדָהּ Ex 9:18; הִוָּֽסְדָם ψ 31:14;— 1. fix or seat themselves close together, sit in conclave ψ 2:2; 31:14 (> Bae from ܣܘܳܕܳܐ ὁμιλία), but Lag’s emend. נוֹעֲדוּ is prob. (cf. Ne 6:2). 2. be founded, Is 44:28 (temple), Ex 9:18 (Egypt). Pi. Pf. יִסַּד Is 14:32 + 3 times, יִסְּדָהּ 1 K 16:34; יִסַּ֫דְתָּ ψ 8:3; יִסְּדוּ Zc 4:9 Ezr 3:10; Impf. יְיַסְּדֶנָּה Jos 6:26; Inf. לְיַסֵּד 1 K 5:31— 1. found (= Qal), sq. acc., city Jos 6:26 (JE), 1 K 16:34, temple 1 K 5:31; Zc 4:9; Ezr 3:10; Zion Is 14:32; 28:16 הִנְנִי יִסַּד (read יֹסֵד; v. supr.) 2. establish ψ 8:3 sq. עֹז; appoint, ordain (late) 1 Ch 9:22 (sq. acc.), Est 1:8 (abs.) Pu. Pf. יֻסַּד 1 K 6:37 + 2 times; יֻסָּ֑ד Ezr 3:6; Pt. מְיֻסָּ֑ד 1 K 7:10; מְיֻסָּדִים Ct 5:15; be founded, be laid, of a foundation 1 K 6:37; Ezr 3:6; Hg 2:18; Zc 8:9; Pt. = subst. foundation 1 K 7:10, cf. מוּסָד" dir="rtl" >מוסד infr.; pillars set on bases, sim. of legs Ct 5:15. Hoph. be founded: Inf. הוּסַד 2 Ch 3:3 Ezr 3:11; Pt. מוּסָּד Is 28:16;—the being founded, founding, עַל הוּסַד בֵּית י׳ Ezr 3:11 because of the founding (laying the foundation) of the house of י׳; וְאֵלֶּה הוּסַד שְׁלֹמֹה לִבְנוֹת וגו׳ 2 Ch 3:3 and this is (lit. these are) the founding Solomon to build the house of God. i.e this is the foundation which Solomon laid for building, etc.; Pt. מוּסָד מוּסָּד Is 28:16 a foundation founded, i.e. well laid (cf. חֵפֵשׂ מְחֻפָּשׂ, חָכָם מְחֻכָּם).

οἰκοδομ-έω, future -ήσω: aorist ᾠκοδόμησα (not οἰκ- in Attic dialect): perfect ᾠκοδόμηκα Refs 5th c.BC+: but later Attic dialect perfect passive οἰκοδομημένοι Refs:—build a house: generally, build, νεὼν καὶ βωμόν Refs; νηόν Refs 5th c.BC+; γέφυρανRefs 5th c.BC+ —also in middle, οἰκοδομέεσθαι οἴκημα build oneself a house, have it built, Refs 5th c.BC+: —passive, to be built, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ -ούμεναRefs 4th c.BC+ __b generally, fashion, καταπέτασμα LXX __2 metaphorically, build or found upon, ἔργα ἐπί τι Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, build up, edify, NT; οἰ. εἰς τὸν ἕνα NT will be emboldened, NT; compare ἀνοικοδομέω.

II. אַ֫יִל n.[m.] projecting pillar or pilaster—א׳ abs. 1 K 6:31 (but v. infr.) cstr. id. Ez 40:14 (but del. Co) 16 (Co better אֵילָיו); אֵיל 41:3, אֵל 40:48; pl. אֵילִים 40:14 +; אֵילִם 40:10; sf. אילו Kt 40:9 + 7 times; אלו Kt 40:29 + 2 times Qr (in all) אֵילָיו, אֵלָיו; אֵלֵיהֵמָֿה 40:16;—pilaster or projection in wall at each side of entrance (cf. BöProben, 302; NÄ 927), in Sol.’s temple 1 K 6:31 (BöNÄ 525 reads אֵילָם), in Ezek.’s temple Ez 40:9, 10 + 14 times Ez 40.41 + 40:14a Ew Hi Co אילם cf. 𝔊B; 40:38 read אילם so Sm Co cf. 𝔊; 40:14b Co del. ��׳.

מְכוֹנָה, מְכֹנָה, n.f. fixed resting-place, base;—abs. מ׳ 1 K 7:27 + 5 times; מְכֹנָה 1 K 7:34(×2), 35; sf. מְכֻנָתָהּ Zc 5:11 (Ges§ 27, 3. R. 1); pl. מְכוֹנוֹת Je 27:19, מְכֹנֹת 1 K 7:27 + 12 times; sf. מְכוֹנֹתָ֯ו Ezr 3:3;—base or stand of laver כִּיּוֹר 1 K 7:27(×2) + 13 times 1 K 7, 2 K 16:17; 25:13, 16 = Je 52:17, 20, Je 27:19 2 Ch 4:14(×2); of altar Ezr 3:3; of the symbol. ephah Zc 5:11.

† [בְּנָה, בְּנָא] vb. build (BH בָּנָה);— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. sf. 3 ms. בְּנָ֫הִי Ezr 5:11; i s. sf. בֶּנַיְתַהּ Dn 4:27; Impf. 3 mpl. יִבְנוֹן Ezr 6:7; Inf. לְמִבְנֵא 5:2 +, לְמִבְנְיָה v 9 (read לְמִבְנֵא M § 64 u or לְמִבְנֵה, so S-C A 3. 64), לִבְּנֵא (read לְמִבְנֵא Str § 23 l M l.c.) v 3, 13; Pt. act. pl. בָּנַ֫יִן 4:12 +; pass. בְּנֵה 5:11 (v. on forms K § 47, Beisp. pass.);—build: c. acc. of temple Ezr 5:2, 3, 9, 11, 13, 17; 6:7, 8, so 5:4 (acc. cogn.); pass. of temple v 11; c. acc. of city 4:12 Dn 4:27; abs. Ezr 6:14(×2). Hithpe. be built: Impf. 3 ms. יִתְבְּנֵא of temple Ezr 5:15; 6:3; 3 fs. תִּתְבְּנֵא of city 4:13, 16, 21; Pt. מִתְבְּנֵא of temple 5:8 (c. acc. mater.), v 16.

† מִסְגֶּ֫רֶת n.f. 1. border, rim. 2. fastness;—abs. מ׳ Ex 25:27; 37:14; cstr. מ׳ 25:25; 37:12; sf. מִסְגַּרְתּוֹ 25:25; 37:12; pl. abs. מִסְגְּרוֹת 1 K 7:28 +; sf. מִסְגְּרֹתֶיהָ v 35, 36, etc.;— 1. border, rim (enclosure), of sacred table in tabern. Ex 25:25(×2), 27 = 37:12(×2), 14; of bases of the sea, in temple 1 K 7:28, 31, 32, 35, 36 (cf. Benz), also 2 K 16:17. 2. fastness, וְיַחְרְגוּ מִמּ׳ ψ 18:46 = 2 S 22:46 (v. חרג) and they shall come quaking out of their fastnesses, so Mi 7:17 (יִרְגְּזוּ, like reptiles), all of nations, in awe of י׳.

† [תָּכַן] vb. regulate, measure, estimate (cf. Aramaic Pa. תַּכֵּן (rare) prepare (= הֵכִין, כּוֹנֵן); according to RySyn. d. Wahren u. Guten 33 a secondary √ from כון);— Qal Pt. estimate, fig.: וְתֹכֵן רוּחוֹת י׳ Pr 16:2, so (לִבּוֹת) 21:2; 24:12. Niph. 1. Pf. 3 pl. נִתְכְּנוּ עֲלִלוֹת [לוֹ] וְלֹא 1 S 2:3 by him (י׳) are actions estimated. 2. Impf., be adjusted to the standard, i.e. right, equitable: subj. דֶּרֶךְ (of י׳ and of Israel), 3 ms. יִתָּכֵן Ez 18:25(×2), 29(×2); 33:17(×2), 20; 3 mpl. יִתָּֽכְנוּ 18:29, יִתָּכֵּ֑נוּ v 25. Pi. Pf. 3 ms.: mete out, מַיִם תִּכֵּן בְּמִדָּה Jb 28:25; וְשָׁמַיִם בַּזֶּרֶת ת׳ Is 40:12 (‖ מדד, כול); מִי ת׳ אֶת־רוּחַ י׳ v 13 (v. Qal; read poss. הֵבִין or הֵכִין); 1 s. תִּכַּ֫נְתִּי עַמּוּדֶיהָ ψ 75:4 I regulate (or adjust) her pillars (i.e. of earth). Pu. Pt. הַכֶּסֶף הַמְּתֻכָּן 2 K 12:12 the silver which was measured out.

† [רָקַע] vb. beat, stamp, beat out, spread out (NH id.; Hiph., Aramaic רְקַע Aph., both spread out, and deriv.; Syriac ܪ��ܰܥ press down (Lk 6:38 𝔊), spread out, also consolidate; Arabic رَقَعَ patch, put on a patch, repair, cf. Chr-Pal. ܡܪܩܥܐ patch, ܡܪܘܩܥܢܝܬܐ swaddling-bands, SchwallyIdiot. 90; Ph. מרקע platter, or bowl, of gold CISi. 90, 1);— Qal Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶרְקָעֵם 2 S 22:43 I will stamp them down (prob. gloss to אֲדִקֵּם preceding, cf. Bae ψ 18:43); Imv. רְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ Ez 6:11 beat (stamp) with thy foot, in token of contemptuous pleasure, cf. Da (‖ הַכֵּה בְכַפְּךָ); so Inf. cstr. sf. רַקְעֲךָ בְּרָ֑גֶל 25:6 (‖ מַחְאֲךָ יָד); Pt. act. as subst. cstr. (Ges§ 65d) רֹקַע הָאָרֶץ (i.e. י׳) he that (beateth out) spreadeth out the earth Is 42:5, רֹקַע הָא׳ 44:24, רוֹקַע הָא׳ ψ 136:6. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. sf. בַּזָּהָב יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ Is 40:19 a goldsmith with gold over-layeth it (lit. beateth it out); 3 mpl. וַיְרַקְּעוּ אֶת־ פַּחֵי הַזָּהָב Ex 39:3 they beat out the plates of gold; sf. וַיְרַקְּעוּם צִפּוּי Nu 17:4 they beat them out as plating. Pu. Pt. כֶּסֶף מְרֻקָּ֑ע Je 10:9 silver beaten out. Hiph. Impf. 2 ms. תַּרְקִיעַ עִמּוֹ לִשְׁחָקִים Jb 37:18 canst thou make with (= like) him a spreading for clouds (spread out clouds; cf. רָקִיעַ)?

† גָּדַר vb. wall up or off, build a wall (denom.? NH id. Arabic جَدَرَ and v. גָּדֵר infr.)— Qal Pf. גָּדַר Jb 19:8 + 2 times, וְגָדַרְתִּ֫י Ho 2:8 Am 9:11; Impf. 2 mpl. וַתִּגְדְּרוּ Ez 13:5; Pt. גֹּדֵר Is 58:12 Ez 22:30; pl. גֹּדְרִים 2 K 12:13; 22:6;—wall up, shut off, lit. only Pt., abs. = masons (wall-builders) 2 K 12:13; 22:6; also Is 58:12 (obj. פֶּרֶץ); fig. of Yahweh’s dealings with men, obj. אֹרַח Jb 19:8, דֶּרֶך La 3:9; cf. Ho 2:8 (acc. cogn. גָּדֵר), in all = obstructing path of life, cf. also La 3:7 (c. בַּעֲדִי); of restoring fallen booth of David Am 9:11 (obj. פרצים); of repairing fortunes of Israel, a work neglected by prophets Ez 13:5, and by all in power 22:30 (both c. acc. cogn.)

† II. מִקְשָׁה n.f. perhaps hammered work, only of metals (orig. turner’s work?);—abs. מ׳, of cherubim in tabern. Ex 25:18; 37:7, lamp-stand 25:31, 36; 37:17, 22 Nu 8:4(×2), clarions 10:2.—i. מ׳ v. קשׁא.

† [יָצוּעַ] n.[m.] couch, bed (poet.);—sf. יְצוּעִי Gn 49:4; pl. cstr. יְצוּעֵי 1 Ch 5:1; sf. יְצוּעָ֑י Jb 17:13 + 2 times (+ 1 K 6:5, 6, 10 Kt, v. יָצִיעַ); couch, bed, of wedlock or concubinage, Gn 49:4 (J), hence 1 Ch 5:1; in gen. ψ 63:7, עֶרֶשׂ יְצוּעָ֑י 132:3; בַּחֹשֶׁךְ רִפַּדְתִּי יְצוּעָ֑י Jb 17:13 (‖ אִם־אֲקַוֶּה שְׁאוֹל בֵּיתִי; cf. ψ 139:8).

ἐποικοδομ-έω, build up, -ήσαντας αὐτὸ (i.e. τὸ τεῖχος) ὑψηλότερον Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, pile up, use a climax, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 build upon, ἐπὶ κρηπῖδι Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, Refs 5th c.BC+; φύσει μαθήματα Refs 1st c.AD+; τινὶ εὐτονίαν, ἀσφάλειαν, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐπὶ θεμέλιον or θεμελίῳ, NT+2nd c.AD+; τοῖς ἀληθέσιν ἐψευσμένα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2.b edify, ἑαυτοὺς τῇ πίστει NT:—passive, -ούμενοι ἐν Χριστῷ NT __II ={ἐπιτειχίζω}, Refs 2nd c.BC+:—middle, στρατόπεδα πέντε -ησάμενος Refs 2nd c.AD+

θεμελῐ-όω, to lay the foundation of, found firmly, πύργους.. φοίνιξι θεμελιώσας NT+5th c.BC+:—passive, have the foundations laid, Refs 1st c.BC+; ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν NT+1st c.BC+; ἐν ἀγάπῃ τεθ. NT __II destroy utterly, in passive, -ωθέντα (θεμειλωθ- codex)· ἐκ ῥιζῶν ἀρθέντα, Refs 5th c.AD+

† כָּתִית adj. beaten;—only in combin. שֶׁמֶן כָּתִית beaten oil, i.e. oil made by beating or pounding the olives in a mortar; especially fine and costly (cf. Levy NHWB ii. 443 sub כָּתִית);—1 K 5:25 Ex 29:40 Nu 28:5; שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ כ׳ לַמָּאוֹר Ex 27:20 pure beaten olive oil for the lamp = Lv 24:2 (Hex only P).

שָׁחַט84 vb. slaughter, beat (orig. beat, flay? cf. Assyrian šaḫâṭu, flay, take off dress; Arabic سَحَطَ slay (but ح = ḫ; is this loan-word in Arabic?); NH = BH, especially in ritual);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Je 39:6 +, sf. וּשְׁחָטוֹ consec. Lv 3:2, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁחַט Lv 4:24 +, 2 fs. וַתִּשְׁחֲטִי Ez 16:21, 3 mpl. sf. וַיִּשְׁחָט֫וּהוּ Ju 12:6; Imv. mpl. שַׁחֲטוּ Ex 12:21; 2 Ch 35:6; Inf. abs. שָׁחֹט Is 22:13; cstr. לִשְׁחֹט Gn 22:10, -וֹט Ez 40:39, sf. שַׁחֲטָם (Ges§ 64 a) Ez 23:39; Pt. act. שׁוֹחֵט Is 66:3, etc.; pass. שָׁחוּט 1 K 10:16 +, etc.;—slaughter: 1. beast for food 1 S 14:32, 34(×2); Is 22:13 (‖ הָרַג), cf. Lv 17:3(×2), for blood Gn 37:31 (E). 2. us. (51 times; Hex chiefly P, 38 times) term. techn. of killing sacrifice (BJacobZAW xvii (1897), 51), 1 S 1:25; Ex 29:11; 34:25 (J), Lv 1:5, 11; 4:24; 9:8; Nu 19:3; 2 Ch 29:22(×2), 24 +; abs. Ez 40:41 (אֶל loc.); bird Lv 14:5, 6, 50, 51; beast in illicit sacrifice Is 66:3; c. acc. of sacrifice (עוֹלָה, אָשָׁם, חַטָּאת, etc.) Ez 40:39 (אֶל loc.), v 42; 44:11; Lv 4:24; 7:2; 14:13 +; passover lamb †Ex 12:6, acc. הַפֶּסַח †v 21; 2 Ch 30:15; 35:1, 6, 11; Ezr 6:20. 3. slaughter pers. Ju 12:6 1 K 18:40; 2 K 10:7, 14 (אֶל loc.), 2 K 25:7 = Je 39:6a = 52:10a; Je 39:6b = 52:10b; 41:7; י׳ subj. Nu 14:16 (JE); in human sacrifice Gn 22:10 (E), to false gods Ez 16:21; 23:39; Is 57:5. 4. pt. pass. = beaten, hammered, זָהָב שָׁחוּט 1 K 10:16, 17 = 2 Ch 9:15a, 16, of shekels 2 Ch 9:15b; so also Je 9:7 Qr חֵץ שָׁחוּט (> Kt שׁוֹחֵט) hammered (i.e. sharpened) arrow. †Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁחֵט Nu 11:22 (J) be slaughtered for food (subj. beast); 3 fs. תִּשָּׁחֵט Lv 6:18(×2) (P) be slain, of sacrifice.

† II. תָּפֵל n.[m.] whitewash;—applied to wall, in Ezekiel’s vision Ez 13:10, 11, 14, 15; fig. of false prophet 22:28.

† [יָצִיעַ] n.m. 1 K 6:10 only Qr, properly flat surface, only of lower projecting story of temple, יָצִו֯עַ 1 K 6:5, 10; v 6 read הַצֵּלָע the side-chamber, as 𝔊 Bö§ 658 StaZAW 1883, 136, v. also v 5, 8 Ez 41:5, 6.

† I. מוּצָק n.m. a casting; מ׳ אֶחָד 1 K 7:37 (of metal); of dust compacted into clod בְּצֶקֶ�� עָפָר לַמּוּצָק Jb 38:38.—ii. מוצק v. sub צוק.

† I. מַקֶּ֫בֶת n.f. hammer (by means of which one drives in nails and pegs);—abs. מ׳ Ju 4:21; (+ יָתֵד); elsewhere pl. מַקָּבוֹת 1 K 6:7 (+ גַּרְזֶן); Is 44:12 Je 10:4 (+ מַסְמְרוֹת).—On name Maccabee v. Schürer Gesch. i. 158.

† מַשְׁקוֹף n.[m.] prob. lintel of door;—הַמּ׳ Ex 12:7 (P), v 22, 23 (J).

שְׁלַבִּים n.[m.] pl. joinings of bases (𝔙 juncturae);—בֵּין הַשׁ׳ 1 K 7:28, 29, עַל־הַשְּׁ׳ v 29; AV RV ledges, ribs (Kit) or frames (Benz), joining or binding the parts together.

ἀνοικο-δομέω, build up, τὰ χείλεα τοῦ ποταμοῦ.. ἀνοικοδόμηδε πλίνθοισιRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 wall up, λαύρας καιναῖς πλίνθοισιν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; πύλας uncertain reading in Refs 1st c.BC+ __II build again, rebuild, πόλιν καὶ τείχηRefs 5th c.BC+occupy again with buildings, Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, metaphorically, to be exalted, LXX

κονι-άω, (κονία Refs plaster with lime or stucco, Refs 4th c.BC+ —middle, κ. τοὺς ἐγχελεῶνας have them plastered, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, NT+3rd c.BC+ __2 generally, daub over, as with pitch, ἀγγεῖα κεκονιαμένα Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, κ. τὸ πρόσωπον paint, disguise it, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, κεκονιαμένοι LXX is falsa lectio for{κεκονιμένους} Refs 4th c.AD+

συναρμολογέω, compagino, Refs:—passive, to be fitted or framed together, NT

† [יְצֻקָה] n.f. a casting (of metal);—יְצֻקִים בִּיצֻקָתוֹ 1 K 7:24 cast at its casting (מֻצַקְתּוֹ in ‖ 2 Ch 4:3).

† [מוּצֶ֫קֶת] n.f. 1. pipe (through which oil is poured) מוּצָקוֹת Zc 4:2. 2. a casting (cf. יְצֻקָה), יְצוּקִים בְּמֻצַקְתּוֹ 2 Ch 4:3.

† [מוּסָךְ] n.m. architect. term (si vera l.) of some covered structure, otherwise unknown;—only cstr. מוּסַךְ־הַשַּׁבָּת 2 K 16:18 Qr (Kt מיסך i.e. מֵיסַךְ);—𝔊 τ��ν θεμέλιον τῆς καθέδρας, i.e מוּסַד הַשֶּׁבֶת?

† [רָהִיט] n.m.coll. rafters? boards? (as strips running between beams? so Bu conj.; cf. Syr. ܪܗܛܐ boards (?), Nö in Bu);—sf. רָהִיטֵנוּ Ct 1:17 Qr (Kt רחיטנו; Codd. רַח׳ Baer p. 46 Köii. 1, 149), ‖ קֹרוֹת.

† [שִׂיד, שׂוּד] vb. denom. whitewash;— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְשַׂדְתָּ֫ אֹתָם בַּשִּׂיד Dt 27:2, 4.

ἀρχι-τέκτων, ονος, ὁ, chief-artificer, master-builder, director of works, τοῦ ὀρύγματος, τῆς γεφύρας, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to χειροτέχνης, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to ἐργατικός, Refs 5th c.BC+; commissioner of works, Refs __b plural, board of naval constructors, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 generally, author, contriver, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς ταῖς διανοίαις ἀ. τινός those that direct activities by thought, Refs __II at Athens, manager of the state theatre and of the Dionysia, Refs 4th c.BC+

μεσό-τοιχος, ὁ, party-wall, Refs Eratosth.Cyren. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II as adjective, having a party-wall, οἰκίαι Refs 2nd c.AD+

τρί-στεγος, ον, of or with three stories, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II τὸ τ. (i.e. οἴκημα) the third story, NT:—also τριστέγη, ἡ, Refs 2nd c.AD+

† אַרְזָה n.f.coll. cedar-panels, cedar-work Zp 2:14.

† [כֹּ֫תֶל] n.[m.] wall of house (NH כּוֹתֶל, Aramaic כּוֹתְלָא);—only sf. כָּתְלֵנוּ Ct 2:9.

† [לוּל] n.[m.] shaft or enclosed space (poss. in wall), with steps or ladder, only pl. לוּלִים 1 K 6:8 (וּבְלוּלִים יַעֲלוּ), on meaning v. StaZAW iii, 1883, 136 ff. > 𝔊𝔙 winding-stair, cf. Buhl, v. Stal.c. (NH לוּל winding passage or stair, or enclosed space in which is a winding stair, according to LevyNHW ii. 486, but v. Stal.c.. √ dubious; hardly לולו infr.)

† [מִגְרָעָה] n.f. recess, rebatement (RV), i.e. ledge, only pl., נָתַן מִגְרָעוֹת לבית 1 K 6:6.

מְכוֹנָה, מְכֹנָה, n.f. fixed resting-place, base;—abs. מ׳ 1 K 7:27 + 5 times; מְכֹנָה 1 K 7:34(×2), 35; sf. מְכֻנָתָהּ Zc 5:11 (Ges§ 27, 3. R. 1); pl. מְכוֹנוֹת Je 27:19, מְכֹנֹת 1 K 7:27 + 12 times; sf. מְכוֹנֹתָ֯ו Ezr 3:3;—base or stand of laver כִּיּוֹר 1 K 7:27(×2) + 13 times 1 K 7, 2 K 16:17; 25:13, 16 = Je 52:17, 20, Je 27:19 2 Ch 4:14(×2); of altar Ezr 3:3; of the symbol. ephah Zc 5:11.

† מַעֲקֶה n.[m.] parapet;—Dt 22:8.

† סַ֫הַר n.[m.] roundness;—אַגַּן הַסּ׳ Ct 7:3 a bowl of roundness = a round bowl (in sim.).

† [רְפִידָה] n.f. perhaps support (cf. Arabic supr.), i.e. back, or arm, of palanquin; sf. רְפִידָתוֹ Ct 3:10; 𝔊 ἀνάκλιτον, 𝔙 reclinatorium.

† [רִקּוּעַ] n.[m.] expansion;—pl. cstr. וְעָשׂוּ אֹתָם רִקֻּעֵי פַחִים Nu 17:3 expansions of plates, i.e. they shall be beaten into broad plates.

† II. [סוּג, שׂוּג] vb. fence about (Aramaic word; ܣܘܓ, ܣܳܓ sepsit, circumsepsit, clausit, ܣܝܳܓܳܐ sepes, cf. 𝔗 סיג Pa. fence about, סְיָיגָא fence; NH סוג fence about; Arabic سَيَاجٌ enclosure made with thorns, etc., around grape-vines, etc. Lane1460, سوّج ii. make a سِيَاجٌ );—only Qal Pt. pass. f. בִּטְנֵךְ עֲרֵמַת חִטִּים סוּגָה בַּשּׁוֹשַׁנִּים Ct 7:3 thy body a heap of wheat fenced about with lilies (cf. especially De Bu). Pilp. intens. Impf. 2 fs. תְּשַׂגְֿשֵׂ֑גִי Is 17:11 thou dost fence it carefully about (> make it grow, as if שׂוג = שׂגה, AE Ki Brd Du).

† I. שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם n.[m.] du.: prob. = מִשְׁפְּתַיִם, infr., q.v.;—בֵּין שׁ׳ ψ 68:14 (based on Ju 5:16?).

† II. שְׁפַתַּ֫יִם n.[m.]du. doubtful word: usually hook-shaped pegs, hooks, so 𝔗 Thes AV RV; abs. וְהַשּׁ׳ Ez 40:43; וּשְׂפָתָם and their edge, so Aq Theod Symm and prob. 𝔊, cf. Hi-Sm, and Krae (וּשְׂפַת).—i. שׁ׳ v. √ שׁפה.

† [שֶׁ֫קֶף] n. [m.] frame-work, casing of doors (cf. NH שְׁקוּף lintel, Aramaic שְׁקוֹף, שַׁקְפָא threshold);—שָׁ֑קֶף 1 K 7:5.