H3543b H3543b
to restrain, to rebuke; to hold back from action (Piel)
This verb appears only in 1 Samuel 3:13, where God condemns Eli for failing to restrain his wicked sons. The specific indictment: 'he did not restrain them' despite knowing their blasphemous conduct. The Piel stem suggests intensive or deliberate action—not passive neglect but active failure to intervene. Eli saw the corruption, heard the reports, gave weak verbal warnings, but never wielded his authority to stop them. This failure to restrain brought divine judgment on his entire house.
Senses
1. sense 1 — 1 Samuel 3:13 uses this Piel verb for Eli's failure to restrain his sons from sacrilege. The verb appears only here and carries the sense of rebuking or holding back. Cognate with Syriac/Aramaic/Mandaic terms meaning 'rebuke' or 'restrain.' English 'he-restrained' (negative context: 'he did not restrain') and Spanish 'reprendió' (rebuked) reflect slightly different nuances—preventive restraint vs. corrective rebuke. The verse emphasizes Eli's culpable inaction despite awareness. 1×
AR["زَجَرَهُمَا"]·ben["তিরস্কার-করেছিলেন"]·DE["er-restrained"]·EN["he-restrained"]·FR["il-retint"]·heb["כיהה"]·HI["रोका"]·ID["menegur"]·IT["egli-trattenne"]·jav["ngendikanèken"]·KO["꾸짖다"]·PT["repreendeu"]·RU["удерживал"]·ES["reprendió"]·SW["kudharau"]·TR["azarladı"]·urd["ڈانٹا"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [כָּהָה] vb. Pi. rebuke (Syriac ܟܳܐܐ, Mand. כהא (NöM. 72) id.), only 1 S 3:13 sq. בְּ, וְלֹא כִהָה בָּם.