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יָרַשׁ229 H3423
V-Hifil-Perf-3ms | 3ms  |  232× in 9 senses
to possess, inherit, dispossess; taking possession of land (Qal), driving out inhabitants (Hifil), receiving inheritance (Qal), becoming poor (Nifal)
The verb yarash (232 occurrences) operates across a semantic field of ownership transfer and territorial possession. The Qal stem (130x) primarily means taking possession of land by entering and settling it, especially in Deuteronomic conquest language, but also covers inheriting property as an heir (18x). The Hifil causative (61x) shifts to dispossession: driving out or expelling inhabitants from their territory by force. The Qal participle (9x) functions nominally as 'heir' or 'possessor.' A surprising Nifal use (4x) means to become poor or impoverished, reflecting the flip side of property transfer. Cognates across Arabic (waritha inherit, tarada expel), Korean (chajihada possess, sangsok-hada inherit), and Swahili (-miliki possess, -fukuza expel) confirm the lexeme's dual territorial/inheritance semantics.
7. Nifal: become poor or impoverished The Nifal stem (4 passages) introduces a surprising semantic shift: becoming poor or impoverished. Genesis 45:11 (lest you become poor), Proverbs 20:13, 23:21, 30:9 all use Nifal yarash for destitution. Arabic yaftaqiru (to become poor), Korean gananhaejida (to become poor), Swahili kuwa maskini (to become destitute) confirm this as a recognized sense extension from dispossession-of-property to loss-of-wealth.
AUTHORITY_RULE Status Poverty and Weakness
AR["أَفْتَقِرَ","تَفْتَقِرَ","يَفْتَقِرانِ"]·ben["আমি-দরিদ্র-হই","দরিদ্র-হও","দরিদ্র-হবে"]·DE["[אורש]","[יורש]","[תורש]","du-verarmst"]·EN["I-become-poor","will-become-poor","you-be-dispossessed","you-become-poor"]·FR["posséder","tu-être-dispossessed"]·heb["איוורש","ייוורש","תורש","תיוורש"]·HI["गरीब-हो-जाएगा","गरीब-होकर","गरीब-होगा","ग़रीब-हो-जाओ"]·ID["akan-menjadi-miskin","aku-miskin","engkau-menjadi-miskin"]·IT["possedere","tu-essere-dispossessed"]·jav["badé-mlarat","dados-mlarat","kirång","mlarat"]·KO["가난해지리라","가난해지리라-네가","가난해질까-봐","내가-가난해서"]·PT["empobrecerão","empobreça","empobreças"]·RU["обеднел","обеднеть-тебе","обнищает","обнищал"]·ES["empobrecerán","empobrezca","empobrezcas","te-empobrezcas"]·SW["atakuwa-maskini","na-kumweza","nikaishiwa","ukawa-maskini"]·TR["yoksul-düşersin","yoksul-olur","yoksul-olursun","yoksullaşırsam"]·urd["غریب-ہو-جاؤں","غریب-ہو-جائے","غریب-ہو-جائے-گا"]
▼ 8 more senses below

Senses
1. Qal: take possession of land The dominant Qal sense (130 passages) describes taking possession of territory, overwhelmingly in Deuteronomic and conquest narratives (62 times in Deuteronomy, 13 in Joshua). The verb denotes entering, occupying, and settling land. Arabic imtalaka/waritha (in territorial sense), Korean chajihada (to take/occupy), Swahili -miliki (to own) provide cross-linguistic support. 130×
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Inheriting and Possessing
AR["لِتَرِثَهَا","لِتَمْتَلِكَهَا","لِتَمْتَلِكُوهَا","لِيَمْتَلِكُوهَا"]·ben["অধিকার-করতে","অধিকার-করতে-একে","অধিকার-করতে-তা","অধিকার-করতে-তাকে"]·DE["zu-besitzen-es"]·EN["to-possess-it"]·FR["à-posséder-cela"]·heb["ל-רשת-אותה","ל-רשתה"]·HI["अधिकार-करने-उसे","अधिकार-करने-के-लिए","अधिकार-करने-को","अधिकार-करने-को-उसको।","अधिकार-में-लेने-को","अधिकार-में-लेने-को-उसे","के-लिए-अधिकार-करने"]·ID["untuk-dimiliki","untuk-memilikinya","untuk-mewarisi-nya","untuk-mewarisinya"]·IT["a-possedere-esso"]·jav["kanggé-ndarbèni","kanggé-nglenggahi","kanggé-ngregem-piyambakipun","supados-anggadhahi","supados-anggadhahi.","supados-ndarbèni-piyambakipun"]·KO["차지하게","차지하기-위해","차지하도록","차지하려고"]·PT["para-possuí-la"]·RU["наследовать-её","чтобы-наследовать-её","чтобы-овладеть-ею"]·ES["a-poseerla","para-poseerla"]·SW["kuimiliki","kuirithi"]·TR["miras-almak-için","miras-almak-için-onu","sahiplenmek-için"]·urd["قبضہ-کرنے-کو-اِس-پر","قبضہ-کرنے-کے-لیے-اُس-کا","قبضے-میں-لینے-کو","لینے-کو-اُسے","میراث-لینے-کو","وراثت-کرنے-کو"]
2. Hifil: dispossess or drive out The Hifil causative (61 occurrences) expresses forcible dispossession: driving out the Canaanites, Amorites, or other inhabitants. This sense dominates in conquest contexts (Numbers 14:24, 21:32, 33:52-53). Arabic tarada (to expel), Korean jjochaneda (to drive out), Swahili -fukuza (to expel) confirm the causative shift from taking possession to removing current occupants. 61×
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Going Out and Forth
AR["أَورَثَ","طَرَدَ","طَرَدَهُمْ","عَلى-طَرْدِ","وَ-طَرَدَ","وَ-وَرِثَ","يَطْرُدوا","يَطْرُدْ"]·ben["উৎখাত-করেছিলেন","এবং-অধিকারহীন-করেছেন","এবং-তাড়ালেন","এবং-তাড়িয়ে-দিল","এবং-দখল-করল","তাড়াতে","তাড়ায়নি","তাড়িয়ে-দিয়েছিলেন","তাড়িয়ে-দিয়েছেন","তাড়িয়ে-দিল"]·DE["And-enteignete","dispossessed","enteignete","tat-sie-enteignen","und-enteignete","und-er-enteignete","zu-enteignen"]·EN["And-dispossessed","and-dispossessed","and-he-dispossessed","did-they-dispossess","dispossessed","to-dispossess"]·FR["Et-déposséda","dispossessed","déposséda","et-déposséda","et-il-déposséda","fit-ils-déposséder","à-déposséder"]·heb["הוריש","הורישו","ו-הוריש","ו-יורש","ל-הוריש"]·HI["अधिकार-देता","उजाड़ा","और-अधिकार-किया","और-निकाला","निकाल-दिया","निकालने-को","निकाला"]·ID["Dan-menghalau","dan-mengusirlah-ia","dan-merebutkanlah-ia","dihalau","diusir","menghalau","mengusir","mengusir-lah","mengusirlah","telah-mengusir"]·IT["E-spodestò","a-spodestare","e-egli-spodestò","e-spodestò","fece-essi-spodestare","spodestò"]·jav["Lan-ngusir","dipun-tundhung","dipuntundhung","lan-ngusir","ngusir","nundhung","sampun-dipuntundhung","sampun-nundhung"]·KO["그리고-그가-점령했다","그리고-그가-쫓아냈다","그리고-쫓아내셨다","그리고-쫓아냈다","쪷아냈다","쪸아내신","쫓아내다","쫓아내셨다","쫓아내신","쫓아내었다","쫓아내지-못했다","쫓아냈다"]·PT["E-desapossou","E-despojou","desapossaram","desapossou","despojaram","e-desapossou","expulsou","para-despojar"]·RU["И-изгнал","и-изгнал","изгнал","изгнали","изгнать"]·ES["Y-desposeerá","Y-desposeyó","despojó","desposee","desposeer","desposejó","desposeyeron","desposeyó","echó","y-desposeyó"]·SW["Yahwe-aliwafukuza","aliwafukuza","amewafukuza","hakuwafukuza","kuwafukuza","na-akamiliki","na-akawafukuza","wafukuza"]·TR["kovdu","kovdular","kovmak","ve-kovdu"]·urd["اور-نکالا","بے-دخل-کیا","نکال-دیا","نکالا","نکالا-تھا","نکالنا"]
3. Qal: inherit as heir The Qal stem with human subjects inheriting property or covenant blessing appears 18 times, especially in patriarchal narratives (Gen 15:4-8, 21:10). This family succession sense aligns with Arabic yarithu (to inherit), Korean sangsok-hada (to inherit), Swahili -rithi (to inherit), Hindi virasat mein lena (to take as inheritance). 18×
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Inheriting and Possessing
AR["أَرِثُهَا","تَرِثُ","تَرِثُوا","تَرِثُونَ","لِ-تَرِثَهَا","لِ-يَرِثُوا","لِتَرِثَ","وَ-يَرِثُوا","وَرِثوا","يَرِثُ","يَرِثُكَ","يَرِثُهُ","يَرِثُوا"]·ben["-অধিকার-করতে-সেটি","অধিকার-করতে","অধিকার-করব-এটি","অধিকার-করবে","অধিকার-করবে-তাদের","অধিকার-করে","অধিকারী-হবে","উত্তরাধিকারী-হবে-তোমার","ও-তারা-অধিকার-করুক","তারা-অধিকার-করল","তারা-অধিকার-করে","তোমরা-অধিকার-করবে","তোমরা-অধিকার-করবে।","সে-উত্তরাধিকার-পায়"]·DE["[יירשו]","[יירשם]","[תירש]","es-zu-besitzen","ich-es-besitzen-werde","in-Besitz-nehmen","sie-inherited","soll-erben","und-in-Besitz-nehmen","wird-dich-beerben","wird-erben","zu-erben"]·EN["I-will-possess-it","and-they-possess","shall-inherit","shall-possess-them","she-dispossesses","they-inherited","they-may-possess","to-inherit","to-possess-it","will-inherit","will-inherit-you","will-possess","will-you-possess","you-may-possess"]·FR["--hériter","--hériter-tu","Je---posséder-cela","[תירשו]","et-posséder","fera-hériter","il-possédera","posséder","à-hériter","à-posséder","à-posséder-cela"]·heb["אירשנה","ו-ירשו","יירש","יירשו","יירשוּ","יירשך-ך","יירשם","ל-רשת","ל-רשתה-ה","תירש","תירשו"]·HI["अधिकअर-लेने-को","अधिकार-करें","अधिकार-करेगा","अधिकार-करोगे","अधिकार-में-लेगा-उन्हें","अधिकार-में-लेने-के-लिए","अधिकारी-होगा","उन्होंने-अधिकार-में-लिया","और-विरासत-में-लें","पाएं","मैन-अधिकअर-लुनग","लिए-अधिकारी-होने-के","वअरिस-होग-तेर","वारिस-होगा","विरासत-में-लेती","है-क्या"]·ID["-kamu-mewarisi","akan-mewarisi","akan-mewarisi-mereka","aku-mewarisinya","dan-mewarisi","ia-mewarisi","kamu-akan-mewarisi?","mereka-mewarisi","mewarisi","mewarisi-engkau","untuk-mewarisi"]·IT["a-ereditare","a-possedere-esso","a-rete","e-prendere-possesso","eredito'","fara-ereditare","io-will-possedere-esso","possedere","prendere-possesso","shall-ereditare","will-ereditare-tu"]·jav["badhé-ahli-waris-panjenengan","badhé-dados-ahli-waris","badhé-ngewahi","badhé-warisi-sampeyan","dipunwarisi","kanggé-nampi-waris","kula-badhé-ahli-waris","lan-ndarbeni","mèndra","nampani-warisan","ngerèh-piyambakipun","panjenengan-badhé-ndharat","sami-ngerèh","supados-ahli-waris","supados-ngerèhaken","tampi-warisan"]·KO["-차지하기-위해","그녀가-상속받다","그들이-상속하리라","내가-상속하겠다","너희가-상속하겠느냐","상속하다","상속하려고","상속하리라","상속하리로다","상속할-것이다","소유하기-위하여","유산으로-받으라-너희가","유산으로-받을-것이다","유업하리라","차지하고","차지하리라-그들을","차지하였으니"]·PT["e-herdem","herda","herdar-te-á","herdaram","herdareis","herdará","herdará-eles","herdará-te","herdem","para-herdar","para-possuir","para-possuí-la","possuais","possuam","possuirei-a"]·RU["будете-наследовать","и-наследовали","наследовали","наследовать","наследовать-её","наследует","наследует-их","наследует-тебя","наследую-её-я","овладели","чтобы-унаследовать"]·ES["hereda","heredaron","heredará","heredaréis?","hereden","la-heredaré","los-heredarán","para-heredar","para-heredarla","para-poseer","posean","poseáis","te-heredará","y-poseerán"]·SW["anarithi","atakurithi","hatakurithi","ili-kurithi","itairithi","kuirithi","kurithi","mrithi","mtairithi","na-kuirithi","nitairithi","utarithi","walirithi","wamiliki","warithi","yatajifanya"]·TR["-e-miras-almak","miras-alacak","miras-alacak-mısınız","miras-alacak-onları","miras-alacağım-onu","miras-aldılar","miras-almak-için","miras-almanız","miras-alsınlar","miras-alır","mirasçı-olacak-seni","ve-miras-alacaklar"]·urd["اور-قبضہ-کریں","اُنہوں-نے-میراث-پائی","تم-میراث-پاؤ","رکھنے","میراث-لیں","میراث-میں-لوں-گا-اُسے","میراث-میں-لینے-کو","میراث-میں-پاؤ-گے-تم","میراث-پائے-گی","میراث-پانے-کے-لئے","وارث-ہو","وارث-ہو-گا","وارث-ہو-گا-تیرا","وارث-ہوگی","وارث-ہوں","وراثت-میں-لے-گا-اُن-کو"]
4. Qal participle: heir or possessor The Qal participle used substantively (9 passages) denotes an heir or possessor: Genesis 15:3 (Eliezer as heir), Numbers 36:8 (female inheritors), Isaiah 65:9 (heirs of Judah). Arabic warith (heir), Korean sangsokja (inheritor), Swahili mrithi (heir), Hindi waris (heir) show consistent nominalization.
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Heir Inheritor
AR["الوارِثَ","الْوَارِثُ","لِوَارِثِينَ","وَارِثٌ","وَارِثَ","وَارِثَةٍ","وَارِثِيهِ","يَرِثُ","يَرِثُنِي"]·ben["অধিকারী","উত্তরাধিকারী","উত্তরাধিকারীদের-কাছে","তার-অধিকারকারীদের"]·DE["[הירש]","der-heir","in-Besitz-nehmen","inheriting","possessing","wird-mich-beerben"]·EN["an-inheritor-of","heir","inheriting","its-possessors","possessing","the-heir","the-possessor","to-those-who-dispossess"]·FR["inheriting","le-heir","possessing","posséder"]·heb["ה-יורש","יורש","יורשיו","ירשת","ל-יורשים"]·HI["अपने-अधिकारियों-पर","उत्तराधिकारी","को-वारिसों","पाने-वाली","मालिक","वअरिस","वारिस","वारिस-को"]·ID["ahli-waris","kepada-yang-mewarisi","mewarisi","penakluk","pewaris","pewaris-pewarisnya","yang-mewarisi"]·IT["il-heir","inheriting","possedere","possessing","prendere-possesso"]·jav["ahli-waris","dhateng-para-ingkang-njarahi","ingkang-nampani","ingkang-tampi-warisan","kang-ngerèh","ndarbeni","para-ingkang-ndarbeni-piyambakipun","sang-ahli-waris"]·KO["그-상속자-를","상속받는","상속자가","상속자를","상속자를-","상속한다","에게-차지하는-자들","유산을-받는","자기-상속자들을"]·PT["herdando","herdeiro","herdeiro-de","o-herdeiro","para-herdeiros","que-herda","seus-herdeiros"]·RU["-наследника","наследника","наследника-","наследникам","наследниками-своими","наследует","наследующая","обладающий"]·ES["a-herederos","al-heredero","el-heredero","heredando","heredera-de","heredero","heredero-de","sus-herederos"]·SW["atanirithi","kwa-warithi","mrithi","mrithi-wa","warithi-wake"]·TR["miras-alan","miras-alanlarını","mirasci","mirascıyı","mirasçı","mirasçı-olacak","mirasçılara-","mirasçıyı-o","varis"]·urd["وارث","وارث-ہو-گا","وارثوں-اپنے","وارثوں-کو"]
5. Qal: dispossess persons Four Qal passages have personal direct objects (people rather than land): dispossessing inhabitants (Deut 2:12, 21-22, Judg 14:15). Though Qal, the semantic overlap with Hifil dispossession is evident. Translations reflect the personal object: dispossessed them, los despojaron, déposséda eux.
DISCOURSE_NAMES Discourse Referentials Pronouns and Mixed
AR["طَرَدُوهُمْ","فَطَرَدُوهُمْ","هَ-لِتُورِثُونَا"]·ben["অধিকার-করল","এবং-অধিকার-করল","কি-দরিদ্র-করতে"]·DE["enteignete-ihnen","und-sie-enteignete-ihnen","zu-enteignen-uns"]·EN["and-they-dispossessed-them","dispossessed-them","to-dispossess-us"]·FR["déposséda-eux","et-ils-déposséda-eux","à-déposséder-nous"]·heb["ה-ל-ירשנו","ו-יירשום","יירשום"]·HI["-उनके-सामने-से","उजाड़ा","और-उजाड़ा","क्या-लूटने-को-हमें"]·ID["dan-mereka-mengusir-mereka","mengusir-mereka","untuk-mewarisi-kami"]·IT["a-spodestare-noi","dispossessed-loro","e-essi-dispossessed-loro"]·jav["lan-nglenggahi-piyambakipun-sadaya","menapa-kangge-ngrampas-kita","nglenggahi-piyambakipun-sadaya"]·KO["그리고-그들이-멸망시켰다-그들-을","멸망시켰다-그들-을","빼앗기-위하여-우리를"]·PT["Para-empobrecer-nos","despossuíram-os","e-despossuíram-os"]·RU["Разве-обобрать-нас","и-изгнали-их","изгнали-их"]·ES["los-despojaron","y-los-despojaron","¿acaso-para-despojarnos"]·SW["je-kutupora","wakawarithi","waliwarithi"]·TR["miras-aldılar-onları","soygun-için-mi","ve-miras-aldılar-onları"]·urd["اور-انہوں-نے-وراثت-کی","قبضہ-کیا-اُنہوں-نے","کیا-لُوٹنے-کو"]
6. Hifil: cause to inherit or bequeath The Hifil with the sense 'cause to inherit' or 'give as inheritance' (4 times) appears in contexts where God or a human grants territory as a legacy: Ezra 9:12 (fathers' inheritance), Job 13:26 (inheriting bitter things). Arabic awratha/yuwarrithu (to bequeath), Korean mullyeojuda (to pass down) support this causative-of-inheritance reading.
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Inheriting and Possessing
AR["أَوْرَثْتَنَا","وَ-تُورِثُوها","وَ-تُوَرِّثُنِي","يُورِثُكَ"]·ben["অধিকার-করতে-দেয়","আর-উত্তরাধিকারী-করবে","এবং-আমাকে-অধিকারী-করেন","তুমি-আমাদের-অধিকারী-করে-দিলে"]·DE["[והורשתם]","[ותורישני]","causes-du-zu-besitzen","in-Besitz-nehmen"]·EN["and-cause-to-inherit","and-make-inherit-me","causes-you-to-possess","you-caused-us-to-possess"]·FR["[הורשתנו]","[והורשתם]","causes-tu-à-posséder","et-posséder-moi"]·heb["הורשתנו-נו","ו-הורשתם","ו-תורישני","יורישך"]·HI["अधिकार-देता-तुझे","और-तू-मुझे-विरासत-में-देता-है","और-विरासत-में-छोड़ो","दियाहमको।"]·ID["Engkau-wariskan-kepada-kami","dan-mewariskan","dan-mewariskan-kepadaku","memberikan-kepadamu"]·IT["causes-tu-a-possedere","e-possedere","e-possedere-mio","possedere"]·jav["Panjenengan-paringaken-dhateng-kawula","lan-marisi-kawula","lan-panjenengan-sedaya-badhe-warisaken","maringi-panjenengan-lenggah"]·KO["그리고-너희가-유산으로-주고","그리고-당신이-나에게-물려주신다","주는것을-네-신이","주셨습니다-우리에게"]·PT["e-deixeis-de-herança","e-me-fazes-herdar","fizer-herdar-te","fizeste-nos-herdar"]·RU["дал-Ты-нам","даёт-тебе-в-наследие","и-наследуешь-мне","и-передали-в-наследие"]·ES["nos-diste-en-posesión","te-hace-poseer","y-la-dejéis-en-herencia","y-me-haces-heredar"]·SW["anakupa","na-mwarithishe","na-unanirithisha","ulitupatia"]·TR["miras-kıldın-bize","miras-verirse-sana","ve-miras-birakacaksiniz","ve-miras-bırakırsın-bana"]·urd["اور-میراث-دو-تم","اور-وراثت-میں-دیتا-ہے-مجھے","دلوائی-تُو-نے-ہمیں","دے-تجھے-قبضہ-میں"]
8. sense 8 A single uncertain occurrence at 1 Samuel 2:7: 'the LORD impoverishes' (morish). The Hifil form could mean causing poverty (parallel to 'makes rich'), but the vocalization or textual transmission is debated. Translations render it as 'impoverishes,' fitting the Nifal semantic domain.
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Inheriting and Possessing
AR["يُفْقِرُ"]·ben["দরিদ্র-করেন"]·DE["impoverishes"]·EN["impoverishes"]·FR["impoverishes"]·heb["מוריש"]·HI["गरीब-करता"]·ID["memiskinkan"]·IT["impoverishes"]·jav["damel-mlarat"]·KO["가난하게하고"]·PT["empobrece"]·RU["делает-бедным"]·ES["empobrece"]·SW["anafanya-maskini"]·TR["fakirleştirir"]·urd["غریب-کرتا-ہے"]
9. sense 9 Deuteronomy 28:42 presents another hapax: 'the cricket shall possess (yeyaresh) all your trees.' The Piel or alternate form is obscure. Translations diverge: possesses, poseerá, but the context (locust plague) suggests taking over or infesting rather than inheriting, a metaphorical extension of territorial possession.
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Inheriting and Possessing
AR["يَمْتَلِكُهُ"]·ben["অধিকার-করবে"]·DE["possesses"]·EN["possesses"]·FR["possesses"]·heb["יירש"]·HI["अधिकार-करेगा"]·ID["mewarisi"]·IT["possesses"]·jav["dipundarbèni"]·KO["차지하리라"]·PT["possuirá"]·RU["завладеет"]·ES["poseerá"]·SW["atamiliki"]·TR["sahiplenecek"]·urd["لے-لےگا"]

BDB / Lexicon Reference
יָרַשׁ229 vb. take possession of, inherit, dispossess (MI7 וירש take possession of; Aramaic יְרֵית, ܝܺܪܶܬ take possession of, and be heir to, inherit; so Ethiopic ወረሰ Arabic وَرِثَ inherit; v. also Sab. ורתֿ, inherit, CISiv, 37, 3), especially D (62 times Qal, 1 times Pi, 7 times Hiph. in Dt + 13 times D in Jos);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. יָרַשׁ Je 49:1; וְיָרַשׁ consec. Je 49:2 Nu 27:11; 2 ms. יָרָ֑שְׁתָּ