H3363 H3363
To be dislocated or alienated (Qal); to hang or impale publicly (Hifil); those who have been hanged (Hofal participle).
A verb whose semantic range moves from dislocation to execution. In the Qal, it describes something wrenched out of place — Jacob's hip socket at Peniel (Gen 32:25) and, metaphorically, a soul torn away or alienated from someone (Jer 6:8; Ezek 23:17-18). The Hifil shifts to a grim causative: to hang or impale publicly as judicial punishment, seen in Numbers 25:4 and the Gibeonites' execution of Saul's descendants (2 Sam 21:6, 9). The Arabic cognate waqa'a ('to fall, to fall upon') preserves the root's physical force. Ancient versions disagree on the exact method — Greek translators suggest 'exposure to the sun,' Targum says 'crucify,' others 'throw down from a height' — reflecting genuine uncertainty about the precise form of execution.
Senses
1. to be alienated, estranged (Qal) — To be dislocated physically or alienated emotionally (Qal) — something wrenched out of its proper place. Genesis 32:25 uses it for Jacob's hip socket being thrown out of joint during the wrestling at Peniel. Jeremiah 6:8 and Ezekiel 23:17-18 extend it metaphorically: the soul 'is torn away' or 'alienated' from someone. Spanish 'se-aparto/y-desencajo' and Arabic cognates confirm both the physical dislocation and emotional estrangement dimensions. 4×
AR["تَنْفَصِلَ", "فَنَفَرَتْ", "وَ-انْخَلَعَ"]·ben["আর-স্থানচ্যুত-হল", "এবং-ক্লান্ত-হয়েছিল", "বিচ্ছিন্ন-হয়"]·DE["[ותקע]", "[תקע]", "und-verrenkt-wurde"]·EN["and-she-alienated", "and-was-dislocated", "be-alienated"]·FR["[תקע]", "et-pendre", "et-était-dislocated"]·heb["ו-תקע", "תיקע"]·HI["और-उतर-गया", "और-घृणा-की", "वह-अलग-हो-जाए"]·ID["dan-tercerai", "dan-terkilir", "terputus"]·IT["[ותקע]", "[תקע]", "e-fu-dislocated"]·jav["lan-klisèd", "lan-nyawa-Kawula-ewah", "lan-nyawanipun-ewah", "pedhot"]·KO["그리고-싫어졌다", "그리고-어긋났다", "떠나지-않도록"]·PT["afaste-se", "e-alienou-se", "e-deslocou-se"]·RU["в-них", "и-вывихнулась", "отторглась", "свою"]·ES["se-aparte", "y-desencajó", "y-se-apartó"]·SW["jitenga", "na-akajitenga", "na-ikajitenga", "na-ikatoka"]·TR["ayrılır", "ve-bezdi", "ve-çıktı"]·urd["اور-اکتا-گئی", "اور-اکھڑ-گئی", "اُکھڑ-جائے"]
2. to hang, impale (Hifil) — To hang or impale publicly as a form of judicial execution (Hifil causative). In Numbers 25:4, God commands Moses to 'hang' the chiefs before the LORD; in 2 Samuel 21:6 and 21:9, the Gibeonites execute Saul's descendants this way. The exact method remains debated — the Septuagint suggests sun-exposure, the Targum crucifixion, and some Arabic renderings suggest throwing from a height. Spanish 'colgaron/cuélgalos' and German 'haengen' consistently use hanging imagery. 3×
AR["فَعَلَّقُوهُمْ", "وَ-اصْلُبْ", "وَنُعَلِّقْهُمْ"]·ben["এবং-আমরা-ঝুলিয়ে-মারব-তাদের", "এবং-টাঙাও", "এবং-তারা-ঝুলিয়ে-মারল-তাদের"]·DE["und-haengen", "und-sie-hanged-ihnen", "und-wir-wird-hang-ihnen"]·EN["and-hang", "and-they-hanged-them", "and-we-will-hang-them"]·FR["et-hang", "et-ils-hanged-eux", "et-nous-fera-hang-eux"]·heb["ו-הוקע", "ו-הוקענו-ם", "ו-יוקיעו-ם"]·HI["और-लटका", "और-लटकाया", "और-हम-लटकाएं-उन्हें"]·ID["dan-gantunglah", "dan-kami-akan-menggantung-mereka", "dan-mereka-menggantung-mereka"]·IT["e-appendere", "e-essi-appese-loro", "e-noi-vorrà-appendi-loro"]·jav["lan-gantungna", "lan-kita-gantung-piyambakipun", "lan-piyambakipun-gantung"]·KO["그리고-그들이-매달았다-그들을", "그리고-매달아라", "그리고-우리가-매달리라-그들을"]·PT["e-enforcaram-os", "e-enforcaremos-os", "e-pendura"]·RU["и-повесили-их", "и-повесим-их", "и-повесь"]·ES["y-cuélgalos", "y-los-colgaremos", "y-los-colgaron"]·SW["na-tutawatundika", "na-uwatundike", "na-wakawatundika"]·TR["ve-as", "ve-asacağız-onları", "ve-astılar-onları"]·urd["اور-لٹکا", "اور-لٹکایا-اُنہیں", "اور-ہم-لٹکائیں-گے-اُنہیں"]
3. the hanged ones (Hofal participle) — Those who have been hanged or impaled (Hofal passive participle) — the result of the Hifil action, naming the executed persons. In 2 Samuel 21:13, the bones of 'the hanged ones' are gathered for burial alongside Saul and Jonathan. Arabic 'al-mu'allaqin' ('the suspended ones') uses the corresponding passive participle. This sole Hofal occurrence treats the word as a substantive, a category of the dead. 1×
AR["الْمُعَلَّقِينَ"]·ben["ঝুলিয়ে-মারাদের"]·DE["der-hanged-die"]·EN["the-hanged-ones"]·FR["le-hanged-ceux"]·heb["ה-מוקעים"]·HI["लटकाए-गए-लोगों-की"]·ID["-yang-digantung"]·IT["il-appese-quelli"]·jav["tiyang-ingkang-dipun-gantung"]·KO["그-매달린-자들"]·PT["os-enforcados"]·RU["повешенных"]·ES["los-colgados"]·SW["waliotundikwa"]·TR["asılanların"]·urd["لٹکائے-گئے-لوگوں-کی"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H???? 1. (4670×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יָקַע vb. be dislocated, alienated (Arabic وَقَعَ is fall, fall down, fall upon, befal, happen)— Qal Impf. 3 fs. תֵּקַע Je 6:8; וַתֵּקַע Gn 32:26 + 2 times; dislocated Gn 32:26 (Jacob’s thigh); elsewhere fig. of נפשׁ; torn away, alienated from any one, sq. מִן Je 6:8 Ez 23:17; sq. מֵעַל v 18. Hiph. Pf. וְהוֹקַעֲנוּם consec. 2 S 21:6; Impf. וַיֹּקִיעֻם v 9; Imv. הוֹקַע Nu 25:4; of some solemn…