Breaking and Uprooting

† [נָתַק] vb. pull, draw, tear away, apart, off (NH id.; 𝔗 נְתַק in der. species (rare), pull off, tear off; Chr Pal. Aramaic ܢܬܩ shake off, SchwallyIdiot. 58; Arabic نَتَقَ pull off, draw out, shake; Di 660 cp. Ethiopic ነተገ, ነትገ detrahere, etc.);— Qal Pf. 1 pl. sf. וּנְתַקְּנוּהוּ consec. Ju 20:32 (on d. f. dirim. v. Ges§ 20 h); Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶתְּקֶנְךָּ Je 22:24 (cf. Ges§ 58, i); Pt. pass. נָתוּק Lv 22:24;— 1. draw away warriors from (כִון) city, unto (אֶל־) high road Ju 20:32. 2. draw or pull off ring from (מִן) finger Je 22:24 (fig. of rejection of king of Judah by י׳). 3. pull, tear away Lv 22:24 (pass., of testicles, + מָעוּךְ, כָּתוּת, כָּרוּת). Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִתַּק Is 5:27; 3 pl. נִתְּקוּ Jos 4:18; Jb 17:11, נִתָּ֑קוּ Je 6:29; 10:20; Impf. 3 ms. יִנָּתֵק Ju 16:9 + 2 times; 3 mpl. וַיִּנָּֽתְקוּ Jos 8:16, יִנָּתֵ֑קוּ Is 33:20;— 1. be drawn away from (מִן) city Jos 8:16 (cf. Qal 1); of soles of feet, be drawn out (from water) unto (אֶל־) dry ground 4:18. 2. be torn apart, or in two, snapped: of sandal-thong Is 5:27, strand of tow Ju 16:9 (sim.), cord Ec 4:12; especially tent-cord (in fig.) Is 33:20 Je 10:20, so יִנָּתֵק מֵאָהֳלוֹ מִבְטַחוֹ Jb 18:14; metaph. of plans (זִמֹּת) 17:11. 3. be separated, in smelting, fig., רָעִים לֹא נִתָּ֑קוּ Je 6:29. Pi. Pf. 1 s. נִתַּקְתִּי Je 2:20; 3 pl. נִתְּקוּ 5:5; Impf. 3 ms. יְנַתֵּק Ez 17:9 ψ 107:14, וַיְנַתֵּק Ju 16:9, sf. וַיְנַתְּקֵם v 12; 2 fs. תְּנַתֵּ֑קִי Ez 23:34; 1 s. אֲנַתֵּק Na 1:13; 1 pl. נְנַתְּקָה cohort. ψ 2:3; 2 mpl. תְּנַתֵּ֑קוּ Is 58:6;— 1. tear apart, snap, c. acc. הַיְתָרִים Ju 16:9 the cords, v 12 (+ מֵעַל זְרֹעֹתָיו); especially c. acc. מוֹסֵרוֹת, bonds (fig.) Na 1:13; Je 2:20; 5:5; 30:8 ψ 2:3; 107:14; obj. מוֹטָה Is 58:6 (‖ פַּתֵּחַ, and הַתֵּר אֲגֻדּוֹת מוֹטָה). 2. tear out, up, obj. roots Ez 17:9 (in fig.); tear out, away, obj. breasts 23:34 (in violent fig. of Jerus. as drunken woman). Hiph. 1. Inf. cstr. sf. הַתִּיקֵנוּ: draw away warriors from (מִוֹ city Jos 8:6 (= Qal 1). 2. Imv. ms. sf. הַתִּקֵם drag them away like sheep to slaughter Je 12:3 (of י׳’s dealing with wicked). Hoph. Pf. (si vera l.) הָנְתְּקוּ מִן־הָעִיר Ju 20:31 they were drawn away from the city (cf. Niph. 1), but prob. gloss, v. GFM.

† [פָּרַק] vb. tear apart, away (NH remove (load, etc.), Pi. separate, take to pieces; Arabic فَرَقَ split, divide; 𝔏 פְּרַק especially redeem, rescue; Syriac ܦܪܰܩ withdraw (intrans.), also remove, rescue; Ethiopic ፈረቀ set free);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. וּפָרַקְּתָּ֫ Gn 27:40; Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיִּפְרְקֵנוּ ψ 136:24; Pt. act. פֹּרֵק La 5:8 ψ 7:3 tear away yoke from off (מֵעַל) neck Gn 27:10 (J); snatch from (מִן) foes, = rescue (Aramaic) La 5:8 ψ 136:24; so abs. ψ 7:3 (prefixing (וְ)אֵין, 𝔊 𝔖 Che Du We), > Hup Bae al. snatch away as prey. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְפָרֵק Zc 11:16 he shall tear off their hoofs; Imv. mpl. פָּֽרְקוּ Ex 32:2 (E) tear off the golden ear-rings; Pt. מְפָרֵק 1 K 19:11 a great wind rending mts. (‖ מְשַׁבֵּר). Hithp. tear off (for, i.e. from, oneself Ges§ 54 f); Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְפָּֽרְקוּ Ex 32:3 (E), c. acc. אֶת־נִזְמֵי הַוָּהָב; Imv. mpl. הִתְפָּרָ֑קוּ v 24 (E; obj. om.); pass. be broken off, Pf. 3 pl. הִתְפָּֽרְקוּ Ez 19:12 (branches).

† יָקַע vb. be dislocated, alienated (Arabic وَقَعَ is fall, fall down, fall upon, befal, happen)— Qal Impf. 3 fs. תֵּקַע Je 6:8; וַתֵּקַע Gn 32:26 + 2 times; dislocated Gn 32:26 (Jacob’s thigh); elsewhere fig. of נפשׁ; torn away, alienated from any one, sq. מִן Je 6:8 Ez 23:17; sq. מֵעַל v 18. Hiph. Pf. וְהוֹקַעֲנוּם consec. 2 S 21:6; Impf. וַיֹּקִיעֻם v 9; Imv. הוֹקַע Nu 25:4; of some solemn form of execution, but meaning uncertain: Aq Gesimpale; 𝔊 𝔖 expose (ἐξηλιάζειν, παραδειγματίζειν); 𝔗 𝔙 crucify; RSRel; Sem 398 (419) throw down (Arabic أَوْقَعَ) a rock (cf. 2 Ch 25:12): + ליהוה 2 S 21:6 (לפני י׳ v 9), Nu 25:4. Hoph. Pt. הַמּוּקָעִים 2 S 21:13; pass. of Hiph.

ἀπο-σπάω, future -σπάσω [ᾰ], tear or drag away from, τινόςRefs 5th c.BC+ tear a thing from one, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τινά tear him away, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τι τῆς λείας detach, abstract some of it, Refs 5th c.BC+; and reversely also ἀ. τῆς φρενὸς αἵ μοι μόναι παρῆσαν ἐλπίδωνRefs; detach, withdraw, πλήρωμα a gang of labourers, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τινὰ ἀπό τινοςNT+5th c.BC+middle, τὴν μάχην οὕτω μακρὰν τῆς ναυτικῆς βοηθείαςRefs 1st c.AD+:—passive, to be dragged away, detached, separated from, τινόςRefs 5th c.BC+; of a bone, to be torn off, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 ἀ. τινὰ κόμης drag away by the hair, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 ἀ. πύλας, θύρας, tear off the gates, doors, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 ἀ. τὸ στρατόπεδον draw off, divert the army, Refs 5th c.BC+having drawn off, Refs:—passive, of troops, to become separated or broken, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 withdraw, reclaim, Refs __6 ἀπεσπασμένος, ὁ, eunuch, LXX __II intransitive (i.e. ἑαυτόν), separate (i.e. be separated) from, Refs 5th c.BC+

τίλλω, Refs 8th c.BC+future τῐλῶ (ἀπο-) Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἔτῑλα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect τέτιλκα Refs 3rd c.BC+:—middle, Epic dialect imperfect τιλλέσθην Refs 8th c.BC+future τῐλοῦμαι (παρα-) Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, aorist ἐτίλθην Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐτίλην [ῐLXX; 3rd.pers. singular imperative τιλήτωι Refs 3rd c.AD+; participle τειλείς (i.e. τιλ-) Refs 3rd c.AD+: perfect τέτιλμαι LXX+6th c.BC+:—pluck or pull outhair, etc., πολιὰς δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἀνὰ τρίχας ἕλκετο χερσί, τίλλων ἐκ κεφαλῆς Refs 8th c.BC+; τίλλε κόμηνRefs 4th c.BC+; τ. στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίειν NT+3rd c.AD+middle, Χαίτας τίλλεσθαι pluck out one's hair, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 with accusative of that from which the hair or feathers are plucked, τίλλειν πέλειαν, of birds of prey,Refs 5th c.BC+; τίλλουσι τὴν γλαῦκα, of small birds attacking the owl, Refs 4th c.BC+; so of the cuckoo,Refs; as a description of an idle fellow, τίλλων ἑαυτόν Refs 5th c.BC+; of a cook, pluck a fowl, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. πλάτανον pluck its leaves off, Refs 3rd c.BC+; κῴδια τ. Refs 3rd c.BC+; also, pluck live sheep, instead of shearing, τοῖς τίλλουσιν τὰ ὑποδίφθερα (i.e. πρόβατα) Refs 3rd c.BC+ see entry {πεκτῆρες}:—passive, have one's hair plucked out, Refs 5th c.BC+; τέφρᾳ τιλθῆναι, as a punishment of adulterers, Refs; see at {παρατίλλω, τέφρα}. __3 with accusative cognate, τίλματα τ. Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4 τ. μέλη pluck the harp-strings, play harp-tunes, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 pick so as to extract fibre, τετίλκασι στιππύου δέσμας σ Refs __6 νεφέλιον παρατεταμένον καὶ τιλλόμενον cirrous, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II since tearing the hair was a usual expression of sorrow, τίλλεσθαί τινα tear one's hair in sorrow for any one, τόν γ᾽ ἄλοχός τε φίλη καὶ πότνια μήτηρ τιλλέσθην Refs 8th c.BC+ __III metaphorically, pluck, vex, annoy, Refs 6th c.BC+; στέφανον τ., ={τοὺς νόμους λυμαίνεσθαι}, Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, ὑπὸ συκοφαντῶν τίλλεσθαι, with allusion to a bird's feathers, Refs 5th c.BC+

† [נָקַע] vb. be [severed, fig.] alienated, estranged (cf. Arabic نَقَعَ split, rend, sacrifice RSSem. i. 471 f.; 2d ed. 491; Ethiopic ነቅዐ split up, open (intrans.) Di647; NH נֶקַע cleft, Syriac ܢܶܩܥܳܐ id.);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָֽקְעָה נַפְשִׁי מֵעַל Ez 23:18 my soul was estranged from her sister (‖ יָקַע), cf. v 22, 28 (both c. מִן).

† [עֲקַר] vb. denom. Hithpe. be rooted up;—Pf. 3 pl. (m.? v. K§ 23, 2) אִתְעֲקַ֫רוּ Kt, fpl. -רָה Qr, Dn 7:8.

† II. [קָרַר] vb. Pilp. tear down (?) (NH קִרְקֵר. tear down wall);—only Pt. מְקַרְקַר קִר Is 22:5 usually (men are) tearing down wall(s), but v i. קִיר 3 ad fin.

† [נָתַס] vb. tear or break down (= נָתַץ);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. נָֽתְסוּ נְתִיבָתִי Jb 30:13 they have broken down my path, made it impassable (fig.).