H3289 H3289
To advise, counsel, consult together; as participle, a counselor; also to purpose, plan, or determine, especially of God's sovereign decree.
Ya'ats covers the full arc of deliberation — from the private act of planning in one's heart, through seeking and giving counsel between persons, to the grand theological claim that God himself 'purposes' and none can thwart it. The word's range is visible in its most famous contexts: Jethro counseling Moses on governance (Exod 18:19), Ahithophel whose advice 'was as if one consulted the oracle of God' (2 Sam 16:23), and Isaiah's messianic title yo'ets ('Wonderful Counselor,' Isa 9:6). Arabic wa'aza ('to exhort, admonish') preserves a cognate that has shifted toward moral instruction, while Hebrew ya'ats retains the broader deliberative-strategic sense. The participle yo'ets became a virtual political title in Israel's court, standing alongside the king's officers and military commanders.
Senses
1. to consult together (Niphal/Hitpael) — Niphal/Hitpael reciprocal: to consult together, to take counsel mutually, to deliberate with others — 23 occurrences concentrated in the narrative books. Rehoboam 'consulted' with the elders, then with the young men (1 Kgs 12:6-9); Nehemiah 'consulted with himself' before acting (Neh 5:7). Arabic tashawara ('to consult mutually') and Korean 의논하다 ('to discuss/deliberate') both capture the reciprocal deliberative sense. The Niphal plural at Ps 83:5 describes nations 'consulting together' against God's people — collective strategizing with hostile intent. This sense emphasizes the communal, dialogical nature of counsel. 23×
AR["تَشَاوَرُوا","تُشيرونَ","فَتَشَاوَرَ","فَـ-تَشَاوَرَ","فَـ-تَشَاوَرَتْ","لِيَتَشَاوَرُوا","مُشِيرُونَ","وَ-اسْتَشَارَ","وَ-تَشَاوَرَ","وَ-لْنَتَشاوَرْ","وَتَشاوَرَ","وَتَشَاوَرَ","وَيَتَشَاوَرُونَ"]·ben["আর-পরামর্শ-করলেন","আর-পরামর্শ-করি-আমরা","এবং-তারা-পরামর্শ-করে","এবং-পরামর্শ-করলেন","এবং-পরামর্শ-নিলেন","ও-পরামর্শ-করল","ও-পরামর্শ-করলেন","ও-পরামর্শ-নিলেন","তারা-একসাথে-পরামর্শ-করুক","তারা-পরামর্শ-করেছে","পরামর্শ-দাও","পরামর্শ-দিচ্ছ"]·DE["[ונועצה]","advising","raten","sie-haben-conspired","und-consulted","und-er-consulted","und-raten","und-sie-conspire"]·EN["advising","and-consulted","and-he-consulted","and-let-us-take-counsel","and-they-conspire","and-took-counsel","let-them-take-counsel","they-have-conspired"]·FR["[ויועץ]","[ויועצו]","[ונועצה]","[נועצים]","conseillant","conseiller","et-conseiller","et-consulta","et-il-consulta"]·heb["ו-יועץ","ו-יועצו","ו-יתייעץ","ו-יתייעצו","ו-נועצה","וַ-יִּוָּעַץ","ייוועצו","נוֹעָצִים","נועצו","נועצים"]·HI["और-वे-मंत्रणा-करते-हैं","और-सलाह-की","और-सलाह-ली","और-सलाहली","और-हम-सलाह-करें","मिलकर-सलाह-करो","वय्यिव्वाअछ","वे-योजना-बनाते-हैं","सलाह-देते-हो"]·ID["Dan-berunding","biarlah-mereka-berunding","dan-berunding","dan-biarlah-kita-berunding","dan-dia-berunding","menasihati","menasihatkan","mereka-berunding"]·IT["[ויתיעצו]","advising","complottarono","consigliare","e-consigliare","e-consultò","e-egli-consultò"]·jav["Lan-nembé-rembagan","Lan-ngrembag","Lan-pirembagan","Lan-rembugan","kita-rerembagan","lan-nembé-rembagan","lan-ngrembug","lan-pirembagan","mugi-rembugan","pirembagan","sami-paring-pitedah","tiyang-tiyang-punika-ngrembug"]·KO["그-와-의논하였다","그리고-그가-상의했다","그리고-그들이-상의했다","그리고-상의했다","그리고-의논하였다","그리고-의논했다","그리하여-우리가-상의하자","모의하였다","의논하다","의논하라","조언하느냐","조언하는가"]·PT["E-aconselharam-se","E-aconselhou-se","E-consultou","aconselhais","consultai","consultaram-se","e-aconselhou-se","e-consultam-se","e-consultemos","e-consultou","¶ E-consultou"]·RU["и-посоветуемся","и-посовещался","и-советовались","и-советовался","и-совещался","и-совещаются","посоветуйтесь","советовались","советуете","советующие"]·ES["Y-aconsejaron","Y-consultó","Y-se-consejó","aconsejáis","conspiraron","consulten","y-conspiran","y-consultemos","y-consultó"]·SW["Na-akashauriana","mnashauri","mnashauriana","na-akashauriana","na-tushauriane","na-wanashauriana","shaurianeni","wameshauriana","wayiּwaּats","wayiּwaּatswּ"]·TR["Ve-danıştı","Ve-danıştılar","danissinlar","danıştılar","danışıyorsunuz","ve-danisti","ve-danışalım","ve-danıştı","ve-danışıyorlar","öğütlüyorsunuz"]·urd["اور-مشورہ-کرتے-ہیں","اور-مشورہ-کیا","اور-ہم-مشورہ-کریں","مشورہ-دیتے-ہو","مشورہ-کیا","وہ-مشورہ-کریں"]
1 Kgs 12:6, 1 Kgs 12:6, 1 Kgs 12:8, 1 Kgs 12:9, 1 Kgs 12:28, 2 Kgs 6:8, 1 Chr 13:1, 2 Chr 10:6, 2 Chr 10:6, 2 Chr 10:8, 2 Chr 10:9, 2 Chr 20:21 (+11 more)
2. counselor (Qal participle) — Qal active participle substantivized: a counselor, adviser — 23 occurrences functioning as a title or office designation. Ahithophel is David's yo'ets (2 Sam 15:12); the chronicler lists 'counselors' among royal officials (1 Chr 27:32-33); Isaiah includes yo'ets in his catalogue of leaders removed from Jerusalem (Isa 3:3). Arabic mushir ('counselor'), Korean 모사 ('strategist/counselor'), and Swahili mshauri ('adviser') all select dedicated role-nouns rather than verbal paraphrases, confirming this as a lexicalized office term. The messianic title in Isa 9:6 — 'Wonderful Counselor' — elevates this political role to divine status. 23×
AR["المُسْتَشارينَ","مُستَشارٍ","مُشيرينَ","مُشَاوِرٌ","مُشِيرًا","مُشِيرٌ","مُشِيرِينَ","هَلْ-مُسْتَشَارًا","وَ-المُشِيرَ","وَ-لِمُشيري","وَ-مُشِيرُوهُ","وَ-مُشِيرِيكِ","وَ-مُشِيرِيهِ","وَالْمُشِيرُونَ","وَمُسْتَشاري"]·ben["আর-তাঁর-পরামর্শদাতাদের","আর-তাঁর-পরামর্শদাতারা","আর-পরামর্শকারী","এবং-মন্ত্রীদের","এবং-যারা-পরামর্শ-দেয়","ও-তোমার-পরামর্শদাতাদের","ও-পরামর্শদাতা","পরামর্শদাতা","পরামর্শদাতা-","পরামর্শদাতা-কি","পরামর্শদাতাদেরকে","পরামর্শদাতায়","পরামর্শদাতার","পরামর্শদাতারা","মন্ত্রণাদাতা","মন্ত্রীদের"]·DE["Ratgeber","[ויועציו]","[ויעצי]","[ויעציו]","[וליעצי]","[יועץ]","[יועצים]","[יעץ]","raten","und-Ratgeber","und-raten"]·EN["Counselor","a-counselor","a-counselor-of","advisers","and-I-ask-them","and-counselors-of","and-his-counselors","and-skilled","and-the-counseling","and-your-counselors","as-counselor","but-to-those-who-plan","counselors"]·FR["[הליועץ]","[ויועציו]","[ויעציו]","[יועץ]","[יועצים]","conseiller","et-conseiller"]·heb["ו-ה-יועצים","ו-יועץ","ו-יועצי","ו-יועציו-ו","ו-יועצייך","ו-יעציו-ו","ו-ל-יועצי","יועץ","יועץ ׀","יועצים","ל-הליועץ"]·HI["और-उसके-मंत्रियों","और-तेरे-मंत्री","और-मंत्रियों","और-सलाह-देनेवाले","और-सलाहकार","और-सलाहकारों-के-लिए","क्या-सलाहकार-के-रूप-में","मंत्री","सलाह-देने-वाला","सलाहकार","सलाहकारों-की","सलाहकारों-के","सलाहकारों-को"]·ID["Ajaib","apakah-sebagai-penasihat","dan-penasihat","dan-penasihat-penasihat","dan-penasihat-penasihatmu","dan-penasihat-penasihatnya","dan-yang-memberi","para-penasihat","penasihat","penasihat-penasihat","tetapi-bagi-yang-menasihati"]·IT["consigliare","consigliere","e-consigliare","e-consigliere","e-per-consigliare"]·jav["Penaséhat","juru-pitedah","lan-ingkang-paring-pituduh","lan-kanggé-tiyang-kang-mituturi","lan-para-penasihatipun","lan-para-punggawa","lan-penaséhat","lan-penaséhat-panjenengan","panedhah","para-penasihat","para-punggawa","penasihat","penaséhat","pitutur","punapa-dados-penasihat-","pènasehat"]·KO["그러나-모사-들-에게","그리고-그-의-고문관들","그리고-그의-모사들","그리고-모사들","그리고-조언하는","네-모사들을","로-조언자","모사-들-의","모사가","모사라","모사와","의견자들-을","조언자","조언자-에게서","조언자들","조언자들-과-함께","조언자들이","조언하는-자"]·PT["Conselheiro","conselheiro","conselheiros","e-conselheiro","e-conselheiros-de","e-conselheiros-teus","e-os-que-aconselham","e-para-os-que-aconselham","e-seus-conselheiros","o-que-aconselha","por-acaso-conselheiro"]·RU["Советник","а-для-советующих","и-советника","и-советниками","и-советниками-его","и-советники-его","и-советников-твоих","и-советующие","разве-советником","советник","советника","советниками","советников","советнику"]·ES["Consejero","consejero","consejero-de","consejeros","los-consejeros","y-consejero","y-consejeros-de","y-los-que-aconsejan","y-para-los-que-aconsejan","y-sus-consejeros","y-tus-consejeros","¿acaso-por-consejero"]·SW["Je-kama-mshauri-wa","Mshauri","lakini-kwa-washauri-wa","mshauri","mshauri-wa","na-mshauri","na-wanaoshauri","na-washauri-wa","na-washauri-wake","na-washauri-wako","washauri"]·TR["Danisman","danismanlar","danışman","danışman-olarak-mı","danışmanlar","danışmanları","danışmanların","danışmanın","ogutveren","ve-danisman","ve-danismanlari","ve-danismanlarinin","ve-danışmanlarını","ve-danışmanlarıyla","ve-öğüt-verenlere","ve-öğütleyenler"]·urd["اور-اُس-کے-مشیروں-نے","اور-تیرے-مشیروں","اور-مشورہ-دینے-والوں-کے-لیے","اور-مشورہ-دینے-والے","اور-مشیر","اور-مشیروں","اور-مشیروں-اُس-کے","مشیر","مشیروں-کو","مشیروں-کی","مشیروں-کے","کیا-مشیر-کے-طور-پر"]
2 Sam 15:12, 1 Chr 26:14, 1 Chr 27:32, 1 Chr 27:33, 2 Chr 22:3, 2 Chr 22:4, 2 Chr 25:16, Ezra 4:5, Ezra 7:28, Ezra 8:25, Job 3:14, Job 12:17 (+11 more)
3. to counsel or advise (Qal) — Qal active: to counsel, advise, give counsel to another — 18 occurrences emphasizing the direct act of advising. Jethro says to Moses 'I will counsel you' (Exod 18:19); Balaam tells Balak 'I will advise you' (Num 24:14); Ahithophel's counsel to Absalom was legendary (2 Sam 16:23; 17:7-11). Spanish aconsejar, German raten, and Korean 조언하다 all converge on interpersonal counsel-giving. The quality and reliability of the counsel given is often a narrative focus — Hushai's counsel 'defeats' Ahithophel's, with fatal consequences (2 Sam 17:14). 18×
AR["أَرْشَدَنِي","أَشاروا-عَلَيهِ","أَشارَ","أَشَارَ","أَشَارُوا-عَلَيْهِ","أَشَرتَ","أَشَرْتُ","أَشِيرُ-عَلَيْكَ","أَنْصَحُكَ","أُشيرُ","أُشِيرُ","أُنْذِرُكَ"]·ben["আমাকে-পরামর্শ-দিয়েছেন","আমি-পরামর্শ-দিই","আমি-পরামর্শ-দিই-তোমাকে","আমি-পরামর্শ-দেব-তোমাকে","তুমি-পরামর্শ-দিয়েছ","পরামর্শ-দিই-তোমাকে","পরামর্শ-দিত","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছি","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছিল","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছিল-তাকে","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছিলেন","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছিলেন-তাঁকে","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছেন","পরামর্শ-দেব"]·DE["[יעץ]","[יעצת]","counseled","counsels-mich","er-counseled","ich-counsel","ich-wird-Rat","ich-wird-advise-du","lass-mich-counsel-du","raten","sie-counseled-ihn"]·EN["I-counsel","I-counsel-you","I-will-advise-you","I-will-counsel","counseled","counsels-me","he-counseled","let-me-counsel-you","they-counseled-him","you-counseled","you-have-counseled"]·FR["Je---advise-tu","[יעצהו]","conseiller","counseled","il-counseled","ils-counseled-lui","je-conseil","je-fera-advise-tu","que-moi-conseil-tu"]·heb["איעצה","איעצך","יְעָצֻהוּ","יעץ","יעצהו-ו","יעצני","יעצת","יעצתי"]·HI["उसने-दी-थी","तूने-सलाह-दी","दी","दी-थी-उन्होंने","मुझे-सलाह-दी-है","मैं-सलाह-दूँ-तुझे","मैं-सलाह-दूँगा","मैं-सलाह-देता-हूँ","सलाह-दी","सलाह-दी-थी-उसे","सलाह-दूँ-तुझे","सलाह-दूंगा","सलाह-दूंगा-तुझे-मैं"]·ID["Engkau-merencanakan","akan-kunasihatkanmu","aku-akan-menasihatimu","aku-menasihatimu","aku-menasihatkan","dia-menasihatkan","engkau-menasihati","menasihati-aku","menasihatinya","menasihatkan","mereka-nasihatkan-kepadanya","yang-dirancang"]·IT["[איעצה]","[יעצני]","consigliare","consigliò","egli-consigliò","essi-consigliò-lui","io-consiglio","io-fara-advise-tu","io-will-advise-tu","lascia-me-consiglio-tu"]·jav["Kula-badhe-maringi-pitutur","Panjenengan-ngrancang","dipun-pamrayogekaken","dipunparingi-pirembagan","kawula-badhe-mituturi-panjenengan","kawula-matur-panjenengan","kula-badhe-nasehat-panjenengan","kula-badhé-paring-naséhat","kula-pamrayogekaken","kula-paring-pamrayogi","ngrancang","panjenengan-maringi-nasehat","paring-pamrayogi","paring-pitèdah-kula","sami-paring-pitedah-panjenenganipun"]·KO["권고하리라","권고하셨음이라","그들이-조언했다","꾀하였느냐","내가-너에게-권하리라","내가-너에게-조언하면","내가-조언하겠다-너를","내가-조언하겠다-너에게","내가-조언한다","내가-조언했다","도모하였도다","조언하던","조언한","조언했느냐","조언했다"]·PT["aconselhar-te-ei","aconselharam-o","aconselharei-te","aconselhaste","aconselhava","aconselhei","aconselhou","eu-te-aconselhar","me-aconselha","o-aconselharam","te-aconselharei,"]·RU["дам-тебе-совет","замыслил","посоветую","посоветую-тебе","посоветую-тебя","советовал","советовал-ты","советовали-ему","советует-мне","советую-я"]·ES["Aconsejaste","aconsejaba","aconsejaste","aconsejo","aconsejé","aconsejó","le-aconsejaron","me-aconsejó","te-aconsejaré","te-aconsejo"]·SW["alikusudia","alimshauri","alitoa","amenishauri","ameshauri","ametoa","nikupe","nilimshauri","ninashauri","nitakushauri","umeshauri","walimshauri"]·TR["Danıştın","danıştı","öğüt-verdi-bana","öğüt-verdiler-ona","öğüt-verdin","öğüt-vereceğim","öğüt-vereyim-sana","öğüt-versem-sana","öğütledi","öğütledim","öğütlemişlerdi-ona"]·urd["انہوں-نے-دیا-تھا","تُو نے مشورہ دیا","تُو-نے-مشورہ-دیا","دیا","دیا-تھا-اُنہوں-نے","مجھے-مشورہ-دیا","مشورہ-دوں-تجھے","مشورہ-دوں-گا-تجھے","مشورہ-دوں-گا-میں-تمہیں","مشورہ-دیا","مشورہ-دیتا-تھا","مشورہ-کیا","میں-تجھے-مشورہ-دوں-گا","میں-مشورہ-دوں-گا","میں-مشورہ-دیتا-ہوں"]
Exod 18:19, Num 24:14, 2 Sam 16:23, 2 Sam 17:7, 2 Sam 17:11, 2 Sam 17:15, 2 Sam 17:15, 2 Sam 17:21, 1 Kgs 1:12, 1 Kgs 12:8, 1 Kgs 12:13, 2 Chr 10:8 (+6 more)
4. to purpose, plan, or determine (Qal) — Qal with emphasis on purposing, planning, or determining a course of action — 14 occurrences, often with God as subject expressing sovereign decree. In Isa 14:24-27 God declares 'as I have purposed, so it shall stand' and 'who will annul it?' In Isa 19:12 the rhetorical question is 'what has the LORD of hosts purposed against Egypt?' Arabic qasada/qada ('to intend/decree') and Korean 계획하다 ('to plan') both select volitional-determination vocabulary. This sense merges counsel with authority: God's 'counsel' is not advice but irrevocable determination. Ps 62:4 uses it of hostile human plotting: 'they consult only to cast him down.' 14×
AR["أَشَارَت","تَآمَروا","شَاوَرَ","قَصَدَ","قَضَاهَا","قَضَى","نَوَيْتُ","يُدَبِّرُ","يُشِيرُ"]·ben["আমি-পরিকল্পনা-করেছি","তারা-পরামর্শ-দেয়","তিনি-পরামর্শ-দিয়েছেন","তিনি-পরিকল্পনা-করেছেন","পরামর্শ-দিয়েছেন","পরিকল্পনা-করছেন","পরিকল্পনা-করে","পরিকল্পনা-করেছে","পরিকল্পনা-করেছেন","পরিকল্পনা-করেছেন-এটা","সিদ্ধান্ত-নিয়েছেন"]·DE["Ratgeber","raten","riet","sie-Plan"]·EN["I-have-purposed","counseled","has-counseled","has-purposed","has-purposed-it","he-has-counseled","plans","plots","purposes","they-plan"]·FR["[יעץ]","conseiller"]·heb["יועץ","יעץ","יעצה","יעצו","יעצתי"]·HI["ठानता-है","ठाना","ठाना-उसे","ठाना-है","बनाई","मैंने-योजना-बनाई","योजना-बनाई","योजना-बनाई-है","वे-योजना-करते-हैं","सोचता-है"]·ID["Aku-tetapkan","Ia-rancang","menentukan","menetapkan","merancang","merancangnya","mereka-berencana","merencanakan","rencanakan","yang-dirancangkan"]·IT["[יעצו]","consigliare","consigliere"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-ngrancang","dipun-rancang","kawula-tetepaken","ngrancang","paring-pitutur","sampun-netepaken","sampun-ngrancang","tiyang-tiyang-ngrancang"]·KO["계획하셨는지","계획하셨으니","계획하시는도다","계획하였느냐","계획하였다","그가-계획하셨다","꼾하였도다","꾸몄다","꾸뮸었도다","꿈민다","내가-계획했듯이"]·PT["aconselha","aconselhará","aconselhou","aconselhou-a","consultam","decidi","decidiu"]·RU["замыслил","замыслил-это","замышляет","замышляют","решил","решил-Я"]·ES["aconseja","aconsejó","consejó","conspiraron","ha-aconsejado","he-aconsejado","lo-aconsejó","planea","planeó"]·SW["ameamua","amekusudia","amepanga","anapanga","hivyo","wamekushauri","wamekusudia"]·TR["karar-verdi","plan-yaptılar","planladi","planladim","planladı","tasarladi","tasarladi-onu","tasarlar","tasarliyor"]·urd["اُس-نے-سوچا","بنایا-اُس-نے","سوچی","فیصلہ-کیا-ہے","مشورہ-دیتا-ہے","مشورہ-کیا-میں-نے","مشورہ-کیا-ہے","مَشوَرہ-کیا","ٹھہراتا-ہے","ٹھہرایا","ٹھہرایا-ہے","ٹھہرایا-ہے-اُسے"]
5. sense 5 — Qal passive participle: the thing purposed or decreed — 1 occurrence at Isa 14:26, 'this is the purpose that is purposed concerning the whole earth.' The passive participle ha-ya'utsah treats the divine plan as an accomplished, characterized entity — the decree-already-determined. Spanish el aconsejado and German das Beschlossene substantivize the result of God's planning. This form completes the semantic arc from active deliberation (senses 1, 3) through sovereign determination (sense 4) to the finalized, irrevocable purpose standing over all nations. 1×
AR["الْمَقْصُودُ"]·ben["-পরিকল্পিত"]·DE["raten"]·EN["the-purposed"]·FR["conseiller"]·heb["ה-יעוצה"]·HI["जो-ठहराई-गई"]·ID["-yang-ditetapkan"]·IT["consigliare"]·jav["ingkang-katetepaken"]·KO["계획된"]·PT["o-planejado"]·RU["задуманный"]·ES["el-aconsejado"]·SW["lililopangwa"]·TR["planlanan"]·urd["طے-شدہ"]
Related Senses
H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)H5315 1. soul, inner being (647×)H3820a 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (572×)H4672 1. Qal: find, discover (289×)G1492 1. know facts or truths (285×)H3824 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (250×)H1245 1. seek, search for (200×)G1097 1. know, be acquainted with (196×)H2142 1. Qal: remember, recall (173×)G2588 1. heart (inner self, mind, will) (158×)H0977 1. choose, select (Qal active) (145×)G2147 1. find, discover (144×)G5590 1. soul, inner self (100×)H4672 2. Niphal: be found, be discovered (99×)H1875 1. seek, search for (96×)H5315 2. life, vitality (94×)H1847 1. knowledge, discernment (90×)H2450 1. wise, prudent (84×)H7911 1. Qal: to forget (83×)H3684 1. fool, dullard (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יָעַץ vb. advise, counsel (only twice in Hex) (Aramaic יְעַט; Arabic وَعَظَ exhort, admonish)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. יָעַץ Is 7:5 + 11 times; יָעָ֑ץ 14:27 + 2 times; sf. יְעָצָ֑נִי ψ 16:7; יְעָצָהּ Is 23:9 + יְעָצָהוּ Baer 2 Ch 10:8; 3 pl. יָֽעֲצוּ ψ 62:5; sf. יְעָצֻהוּ 1 K 12:8 + 2 times (incl. 2 Ch 10:8, Baer יְעָצָ֑הוּ), etc.; Impf. אִיעֲצָה ψ 32:8 (Ol Che אִיעָֽצְךָ); אִיעָֽצְךָ Ex 18:19; Nu 24:14…