Counsel and Deliberation

† יָעַץ vb. advise, counsel (only twice in Hex) (Aramaic יְעַט; Arabic وَعَظَ exhort, admonish)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. יָעַץ Is 7:5 + 11 times; יָעָ֑ץ 14:27 + 2 times; sf. יְעָצָ֑נִי ψ 16:7; יְעָצָהּ Is 23:9 + יְעָצָהוּ Baer 2 Ch 10:8; 3 pl. יָֽעֲצוּ ψ 62:5; sf. יְעָצֻהוּ 1 K 12:8 + 2 times (incl. 2 Ch 10:8, Baer יְעָצָ֑הוּ), etc.; Impf. אִיעֲצָה ψ 32:8 (Ol Che אִיעָֽצְךָ); אִיעָֽצְךָ Ex 18:19; Nu 24:14 (not elsewhere Hex), Je 38:15, cf. also foregoing; אִיעָצֵךְ 1 K 1:12; Pt. act. יוֹעֵץ Is 3:3 + 9 times; cstr. יֹעֵץ Na 1:11, יוֹעֵץ 2 S 15:12; יוֹעֲצֵךְ Mi 4:9; pl. יוֹעֲצִים Jb 12:17 + 3 times; יֹעֲצִים Ez 11:2; cstr. יֹעֲצֵי Is 19:11 + 2 times, etc.; fs. sf. יוֹעַצְתּוֹ 2 Ch 22:3; Pt. pass. f. יְעוּצָה Is 14:26;—advise, counsel, c. acc. Is 32:7, 8; 23:9 (subj. י׳) Mi 6:5; sq. בְּלִיַּ֫עַל Na 1:11 רָעָה Is 7:5 (sq. עַל), 19:12 (sq. id.), 23:8 (sq. id.), Hb 2:10 (sq. לְ); often c. acc. cogn. 2 S 16:23; 17:7 Ez 11:2; sq. אֶל against Je 49:20; 50:45 (in both of י׳); sq. עַל against 49:30 Is 19:17 (of י׳); cf. pass. pt. Is 14:26; c. acc. cogn. + sf. pers. 1 K 12:8, 13 2 Ch 10:8; c. acc. pers. 2 S 17:15 ψ 16:7 Ex 18:19 Nu 24:14 (+ rel. cl.) Je 38:15; abs. (of י׳) Is 14:24 (c. adv. כאשׁר), v 27; of man 2 S 17:15 (כזאת וכזאת), v 21 (ככה + על); sq. inf. ψ 62:5 2 Ch 25:16 (of אלהים); sq. cl. without connective 2 S 17:11; sq. לְלֹא חָכְמָה Jb 26:3;—אִיעֲצָה עליך עיני ψ 32:8 (v. supr.).—Pt. act. as subst. = counsellor, king’s adviser 2 S 15:12; 1 Ch 27:33; 2 Ch 22:4; 25:16; Ezr 7:28; 8:25; Is 19:11; so fem. 2 Ch 22:3; prob. also 1 Ch 27:32 (‖ אִישׁ מֵבִין וְסוֹפֵר); cf. Mi 4:9, also Is 1:26 (‖ שֹׁפְטִים), Jb 12:17 (‖ id.);—in these three, of importance for people; so also Is 3:3; Pr 11:4 = 24:6; cf. Jb 3:14, and particularly פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ Is 9:5 wonder of a counsellor, of the ideal ruler predicted. More generally, counsellor, adviser Pr 15:22; יו׳ בְּשֶׂכֶל 1 Ch 26:14 (specific reason for title unknown); יֹעֲ׳ שָׁלוֹם Pr 12:20; = prophet Is 41:28, nearly = agents (hired by adversaries of Judah) Ezr 4:5. Niph. (reflex. or recipr.) Pf. נֵוֹעַץ Is 40:14; נוֹעֲצוּ ψ 71:10; 83:6; Impf. וַיִּוָּעַץ 1 K 12:6 + 10 times; יִוָּֽעֲצוּ Is 45:21; וַיִּוָּֽעֲצוּ 2 Ch 30:23; נִוָּֽעֲצָה Ne 6:7; Pt. pl. נוֹעָצִים 1 K 12:6 + 4 times;—consult together, exchange counsel, of king with advisers, sq. אֶת־ 1 K 12:6, 8 = 2 Ch 10:6, 8; and so of י׳ Is 40:14; sq. אֶל־ 2 K 6; 2 Ch 20:21; sq. עִם 1 Ch 13:1; 2 Ch 32:3; abs. consider 1 K 12:28; 2 Ch 25:17; 30:2; cf. 1 K 12:6 (sq. inf.) = 2 Ch 10:6, 1 K 12:9 (sq. Impf. + ו subord.) = 2 Ch 10:9; gen. consult, take counsel, abs. Pr 13:10; יַחְדָּו ψ 71:10; Ne 6:7; Is 45:21; sq. לֵב יַחְדָּו (with heart together) ψ 83:6 nearly = determine, sq. inf. 2 Ch 30:23. †Hithp. Impf. יִתְיָעֲצוּ ψ 83:4 conspire against, sq. עַל (‖ יַעֲרִימוּ סוֹד על).

βουλ-εύω, Refs 8th c.BC+, aorist ἐβούλευσα Refs 8th c.BC+, Epic dialect βούλ- Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect βεβούλευκα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle and passive, see below: (βουλή):—take counsel, deliberate, in past tenses, determine or resolve after deliberation: __1 absolutely, ὣς βουλεύσαντε Refs 8th c.BC+; βουλευέμεν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι in council or in battle, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔς γε μίαν βουλεύσομεν (i.e. βουλήν) we shall agree to one plan, Refs 8th c.BC+: in Prose, chiefly middle in this sense, see below Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with accusative of things, deliberate on, plan, devise, β. βουλάς Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐ.. τοῦτον μὲν ἐβούλευσας νόον αὐτ; Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive (with future middle, Refs 4th c.BC+, aorist ἐβουλεύθην Refs 5th c.BC+perfect βεβούλευμαι (usually in middle sense, see infr. B):—to be determined or planned, ψῆφος κατ᾽ αὐτῶν βουλεύσεται Refs 5th c.BC+.; τὰ βεβουλευμένα, ={βουλεύματα}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 with infinitive, take counsel, resolve to do, τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ βούλευσα.. οὐτάμεναι Refs 8th c.BC+:— passive, τοῖσι ἐβεβούλευτο τὸ παιδίον προσουδίσαι Refs __II give counsel, τὰ λῷστα β. Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative person, advise, ἵνα σφίσι βουλεύησθα Refs 8th c.BC+ __III sit in council, of the Spartan γέροντες, Refs 5th c.BC+; to be a member of a βουλή, Refs 4th c.BC+; especially of the Council of Refs 5th c.BC+; βουλὴν β. to be a member of the β., Refs; βουλεύειν λαχών Refs 5th c.BC+ __B middle, future -εύσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐβουλευσάμην Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect βουλ- Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect βεβούλευμαι Refs 5th c.BC+ —more frequently in _Attic dialect_ Prose than active, __B.1 absolutely, take counsel with oneself, deliberate, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπέρ τινοςRefs 5th c.BC+:—also like active, take counsel, πρός τινας LXX __B.2 act as member of council, and so originate measures, β. καὶ κρίνειν Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.3 with accusative of things, determine with oneself, resolve on, κακὴν ἀπάτην βουλεύσατο Refs 8th c.BC+ (middle here only in Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.4 with infinitive, resolve to do, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.5 rarely followed by Relat., β. ὅ τι ποιήσεις Refs; β. ὅπως.. with subjunctive, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. πῶς τις, with future, NT+2nd c.BC+

συλλᾰλ-έω, talk with or together, τινι NT+3rd c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἐνδοῦναι Refs 2nd c.BC+

συμβάλλω, future -βᾰλῶ: aorist -έβᾰλον, infinitive -βᾰλεῖν: perfect -βέβληκα: aorist 1 passive -εβλήθην:—of these tenses Refs 8th c.BC+present active, aorist active and middle, but most commonly Epic dialect intransitive aorist forms συμβλήτην, -βλήμεναι, middle σύμβλητο, -βληντο, -βλήμενος, subjunctive 2nd pers. singular -βλήεαι probably conjecture for -βλήσεαι in Refs 8th c.BC+, 3rd.pers. singular contraction -βληταιRefs 8th c.BC+:—throw together, dash together, σύν ῥ᾽ ἔβαλον ῥινούς, of men in close combat, Refs 8th c.BC+; bring together, unite, e.g. of rivers that fall into one another, ἐς μισγάγκειαν συμβάλλετον ὄβριμον ὕδωρ Refs 8th c.BC+:— middle, πολλοὶ ποταμοὶ σ. τὸ σφέτερον ὕδωρ Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ Ἀκεσίνης τῷ Ἰνδῷ τὸ ὕδωρ σ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; σ. τὰ ὦτα πρὸς τὴν γῆν have their ears reaching to.., Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, κατὰ τὰς ῥᾶγας συμβεβλημένων [τῶν δακτύλων] Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 collect, Refs 5th c.BC+; store up, accumulate, κριθὰς ἵπποις συμβεβλημένας πολλάς Refs __3 jumble up together, διαφέροντα σ. εἰς ταὐτόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 intransitive in active, fit Refs 4th c.BC+; to be suitable, τὰ χεδροπὰ σ. εἰς τὰς νέας Refs 4th c.BC+ (unless = sow, set). __4.b to be profitable, σ. τῷ πολιτικῷ.. δικαίῳ εἶναι Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 intransitive, come together, ἔνθα δίστομοι.. σ. ὁδοί where two roads join, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ συμβάλλοντα the watersmeet, Refs 3rd c.BC+; [φλὲψ] σ. τῇ ἀποσχίσει Refs 4th c.BC+; collide, τοὺς τύπους ἀνάγκη συμβάλλειν ἑαυτοῖς Refs 4th c.BC+: Geometry texts, meet, τὸ σημεῖον, καθ᾽ ὃ συμβάλλουσιν the point in which (the straight lines) meet, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __6 βλέφαρα σ. ὕπνῳ close the eyes in sleep, Refs 4th c.BC+; how shall I meet her eyes with mine? Refs 5th c.BC+ __7 generally, join, unite, σ. σχοινία twist ropes (compare συμβολεύς), Refs 5th c.BC+; ὠμόλινον σ. πεντάπλουν Refs 5th c.BC+; fit together, ἁρμούς Refs 4th c.BC+; κεραῖαι συμβεβλημέναι Refs 3rd c.BC+; δεξιὰς σ. ἀλλήλοισι join hands, Refs 5th c.BC+ __8 σ. συμβόλαιά τινι or πρός τινα make a contract with a person, especially lend him money on bond, Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβόλαιον εἰς τἀνδράποδα συμβεβλημένον money lent on the security of the slaves, Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, in same sense, Refs 5th c.BC+; make a contract, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a marriage contract, Mitteis Refs 2nd c.AD+; advance, lend, πέρα μεδίμνου κριθῶν Refs 4th c.BC+; ἱμάτια, χρυσία, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπί τισι on certain terms, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ συμβαλών the lender, creditor, Refs 4th c.BC+. the borrowers, debtors, Refs:— middle, with perfect passive, pay a share, contribute, ὁλκάδα οἱ συμβαλέεσθαι give him a merchant-vessel, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. χρήματά τινι εἰς τροφὴν τῶν στρατιωτῶν advance it, Refs 4th c.BC+; τριήρεις εἰς κίνδυνον Refs 5th c.BC+ __9 generally, contribute:— passive, συμβάλλεταί τις.. μερίς Refs 2nd c.AD+ —in this sense mostly in middle, τέμενος συμβάλλεσθαι add thereto, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ μὴ ἀγανακτεῖν.. ἄλλα τέ μοι πολλὰ συμβάλλεται, καὶ.. many circumstances contribute to my feeling no vexation, and especially.., Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν τῇ πόλει σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently with μέρος as object, ἔργων οὐκ ἐλάχιστον μέρος σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν μεγίστην εἰς αὐτὰ μοῖραν Refs 5th c.BC+ contributes to its volume, Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβαλλόμενα contributory causes, Refs 4th c.BC+: absolutely, to be helpful, πολλά ἐστι τὰ συμβαλλόμενα τοῖς βουλομένοις Refs 5th c.BC+; φόνου κηκὶς ξ. contributes to the proof, Refs 4th c.BC+ many things contribute [their share] of this fear, i.e. join in causing it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __10 συμβάλλεσθαι γνώμας contribute one's opinion to a discussion, Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγον σ. περὶ βίου contribute an opinion about life, Refs 5th c.BC+; also συμβαλέσθαι τι to have something to say, Refs; ταῦτά σοι περὶ Ἔρωτος σ. Refs; συμβαλοῦ γνώμην contribute your opinion, help in judging, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τὴν γνώμην τῆς βουλῆς, with or without εἰς τὸν δῆμον, communicate it, Refs; cast votes, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II συμβάλλειν (i.e. λόγους) converse, σ. τινί or πρός τινα, NT+1st c.AD+middle, ἀτὰρ τί ἐγὼ περὶ κλοπῆς σ.; Refs 5th c.BC+ __II bring men together in hostile sense, pit them against each other, match them, ἀμφοτέρους θεοὶ σύμβαλον Refs 8th c.BC+; σ. σκύμνον λέοντος σκύλακι κυνός set one to fight with the other, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄνδρα ἀνδρὶ καὶ ἵππον ἵππῳ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀλεκτρυόνας σ. Refs 4th c.BC+ make him contend with.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b middle, join in fight, σὺν δ᾽ ἐβάλοντο μάχεσθαι ἐναντίον Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.c intransitive, come together, σύμβαλον μάχεσθαι Refs; also ς. alone, come to blows, engage, πρίν γ᾽ ἠὲ ξυμβλήμεναι ἠὲ δαμῆναι Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἄρης Ἄρει δυμβαλεῖ, Δίκα Δίκᾳ Refs 4th c.BC+; Ἕλληνες Μήδοις σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβάλλων coming into collision, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 σ. πόλεμον καὶ δηϊοτῆτα engage in war, Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Trag., σ. βάκχαις μάχην Refs 5th c.BC+ bandy reproaches, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 middle, fall in with one, meet him, with dative, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+aorist forms beginning ξυμβλη- or συμβλη- solely in this sense, Νέστορι δὲ ξύμβληντο Refs 8th c.BC+; ὅτε κεν συμβλήσεαι (to be read -βλήεαι) αὐτῷ Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.4 so in active, συμβαλών having met, Refs 4th c.BC+; οἱ συμβάλλοντες those who come in contact with one, Refs 1st c.AD+; φιλοσόφῳ σ. Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III compare, σμικρὰ μεγάλοισι Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἀργύριον τὸ Βαβυλώνιον πρὸς τὸ Εὐβοικὸν συμβαλλόμενον τάλαντον the Babyl. talent being compared with, reduced to, the Euboic, Refs __III.b compare for the purpose of checking, μέτρῳ συμβεβλημένῳ πρὸς τὸ χαλκοῦν Wilcken Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III.2 middle, reckon, compute, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἡμερησίη ἀνὰ διηκόσια στάδια συμβέβληταί μοι Refs __III.3 conclude, infer, conjecture, interpret, συμβαλεῖν τι Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦτο σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦτο σ., ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πρὶν οὐκ εὔγνωστα σ. Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative, make out, understand, τὸ πρῆγμαRefsinfinitive, Refs __IV agree, arrange, καθάπερ ξυνέβαλον ἢ διέθεντο Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, make a treaty, Foed. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; agree upon, fix, settle, λόφον εἰς ὃν δέοι ἁλίζεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+

συμβουλ-εύω, advise, counsel, with dative person et infinitive, advise one to do a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐ συμβουλεύων Ερξῃ στρατεύεσθαι advising him not.., Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, συμβουλεύω.. συμβῆναι ὑμᾶς I advise that you should.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 without infinitive, σ. τινί τι Refs 6th c.BC+; σ. τι recommend a measure, τὰ ἄριστα Refs 5th c.BC+ give advice, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, συμβουλεύεταί τι advice is given, Refs 5th c.BC+res de consilii sententia actae, Refs 1st c.BC+; of persons, to be advised, ὑπό τινος Refs 3rd c.AD+ __3 followed by a relative, σ. περί τινος ὡς.. Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 absolutely, advise, give advice, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ συμβουλεύων or -εύσας adviser, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ συμβουλεύοντα τῶν ποιημάτων didactic poems, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II middle, consult with a person, i.e. ask his advice, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; τι in a matter, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τι μετά τινος debate a matter with another, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, consult, deliberate, Refs 5th c.BC+ —active and middle opposed, συμβουλευομένου ἂν συμβουλεύσειε τὰ ἄριστα if one asked his advice he would give him the best, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 = active, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 agree, make a contract, θύρας λιθίνης ἧς συνεβουλεύσατο κόψαι Refs 3rd c.BC+

βουλ-ευτής, οῦ, ὁ, councillor, senator, Refs 8th c.BC+; at Athens, one of theRefs 5th c.BC+; at Rome, senator, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 plotter, contriver, θανάτου, πληγῆς, Refs 5th c.BC+

σύμβουλ-ος, ὁ, adviser, counsellor, in public or private affairs, NT+5th c.BC+: with genitive person, one's adviser, Refs 5th c.BC+, advise, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as a title, __II.1 at Athens, the θεσμοθέται were empowered to appoint σύμβουλοι (perhaps in a private capacity), Refs __II.2 at Sparta, a board of advisers sent with the general, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 officers at Thurii, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4 = Latin legatus, Refs 2nd c.BC+; also used to explanation Latin con-sul, Refs 1st c.BC+

† [יְעַט] vb. advise (so JAram.; BH יעץ);—Ithpa. Pf. 3 mpl. אִתְיָעַ֫טוּ (K§§ 23, 1, Anm.; 39, 5) Dn 6:8 recipr. took counsel with each other, sq. inf.

† III. [מָלַךְ] vb. counsel, advise (loan-wd. from Aramaic ܡܠܰܟ, מְלַךְ; cf. Assyrian malâku, DlHWB 412);—only Niph. (so NH) Impf. וַיִּמָּלֵךְ לִבִּי עָלַי i.e. I considered carefully, Ne 5:7.