H3015 H3015
Sorrow, grief, anguish; deep emotional pain and persistent sadness, often paired with mourning or distress.
A noun denoting the heavy, persistent ache of grief -- the kind that settles in and will not lift. Jacob fears it will accompany him to the grave if Benjamin is lost (Gen 42:38; 44:31), and the psalmist asks how long sorrow will reign in his heart (Ps 13:2). The prophets pair yagon with sighing (anachah) in Isaiah 35:10 and 51:11, promising that sorrow and sighing will flee when God's redeemed return to Zion. Jeremiah 31:13 sets it opposite simchah ('joy'), envisioning God turning mourning into gladness. Spanish 'tristeza' and French 'chagrin' both capture this abiding weight of sadness.
Senses
1. sorrow, grief, anguish — Deep emotional sorrow or grief, a persistent state of sadness rather than a momentary pang. Paired with anachah ('sighing') in Isaiah 35:10 and 51:11, with tsarah ('distress') in Psalm 116:3, and set opposite simchah ('joy') in Esther 9:22. Jacob's anticipated grief at losing Benjamin (Gen 42:38; 44:31) gives it a visceral, paternal dimension. 14×
AR["الْحُزْنُ", "بِ-حُزْنٍ", "بِالحُزْنِ", "حُزْنًا", "حُزْنٌ", "حُزْنٍ", "مِنْ-غَمِّهِمْ", "مِنْ‒حُزْنٍ", "وَ-حُزن", "وَ-حُزنًا", "وَ-حُزْنًا", "وَغَمًّا"]·ben["-আমাকে", "-দুঃখ-থেকে", "এবং-দুঃখ", "ও-দুঃখ", "দুঃখ", "দুঃখ-থেকে-তাদের", "দুঃখে", "দুঃখের", "শোকে"]·DE["[ויגון]", "[יגון]", "[מיגון]", "[מיגונם]", "in-Kummer", "in-sorrow", "sorrow", "und-sorrow"]·EN["and-sorrow", "from-sorrow", "from-their-sorrow", "in-sorrow", "sorrow"]·FR["[מיגון]", "dans-chagrin", "dans-douleur", "douleur", "et-affliction", "et-douleur", "et-tristesse", "tristesse"]·heb["ב-יגון", "ו-יגון", "יגון", "מ-יגון", "מ-יגונם"]·HI["और-दुख", "और-शोक", "दुःख-में", "दुख", "में-दुख", "शोक", "शोक-में", "शोक-रखते-हुए", "शोक-से", "से-उनके-दुःख"]·ID["dalam-dukacita", "dan-dukacita", "dan-kesedihan", "dan-kesusahan", "dari-dukacita-mereka", "dari-kesedihan", "dukacita", "kesedihan"]·IT["[ויגון]", "[מיגון]", "afflizione", "dolore", "e-afflizione", "e-dolore", "in-dolore"]·jav["ing-prihatin", "kalawan-kasusahan", "kasusahan", "lan-kasangsaran", "lan-kasedihan", "lan-kasusahan,", "lan-sambat", "lan-susah", "saking-duhkita-piyambakipun", "saking-kasusahan", "sedhih"]·KO["그들의-슬픔에서", "그리고-슬픔-에서", "그리고-슬픔-을", "그리고-슬픔으로", "슬픔-에", "슬픔-으로", "슬픔-을", "슬픔과", "슬픔을", "슬픔이", "에서-슬픔"]·PT["da-tristeza-deles", "de-tristéza", "dor", "e-de-tristeza", "e-tristeza", "e-tristeza,", "em-tristeza", "tristeza"]·RU["в-печали", "в-скорби", "горести", "и-печаль", "и-скорби", "и-скорбь", "и-скорбью", "из-скорби", "от-скорби-их", "печаль", "скорбь"]·ES["con-tristeza", "de-su-tristeza", "de-tristeza", "dolor", "en-dolor", "tristeza", "y-dolor", "y-tristeza"]·SW["huzuni", "kutoka-huzuni", "kutoka-huzuni-yao", "kwa", "kwa-huzuni", "na-huzuni"]·TR["kedderden-", "keder", "kederde", "kederin", "kederle", "kederlerinden-onların", "ve-keder", "ve-üzntü"]·urd["-غم-میں", "اور-غم", "اور-غم-کے", "دکھ", "سے-غم", "غم", "غم-سے", "غم-سے-ان-کے", "غم-میں"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יָגוֹן n.[m.] grief, sorrow;—abs. יָגוֹן Gn 42:38 + 12 times; sf. (מִ)יגוֹנָם Je 31:13;—sorrow, Gn 42:38; 44:31 (J), ψ 13:3 Je 8:18; ‖ אֲנָחָה ψ 31:11 Is 35:10; 51:11; cf. ψ 107:39 (‖ עֹצֶר, רָעָה), 116:3 (‖ צָרָה), Je 20:18 (‖ עָמָל), 31:13 (‖ אֵבֶל, opp. שִׂמַּחְתִּים), 45:3 (‖ מַכְאֹבִי), Ez 23:33 (‖ שִׁכָּרוֹן, but Co.; שׁברון with Codd.; cf. 21:11); Est 9:22 (opp. שִׂמְחָה).