H2319 H2319
new, fresh — recently made, not previously existing, or renewed in quality and purpose
Chadash describes what is newly made, recently appeared, or qualitatively different from what came before. Its 53 occurrences span the concrete and the theological: a new king who did not know Joseph (Exod 1:8), new cords binding Samson (Judg 15:13; 16:11-12), a new cart for the ark (1 Sam 6:7), and — most profoundly — the 'new covenant' prophesied by Jeremiah (Jer 31:31) and the 'new song' of praise that erupts seven times in the Psalms and Isaiah. The word carries overtones of renewal and eschatological freshness: 'Behold, I am doing a new thing' (Isa 43:19). Translations render it consistently: Spanish 'nuevo/nueva,' French 'nouveau/nouvelle,' German 'neu' — each preserving both the temporal and qualitative dimensions.
Senses
1. [split] new, fresh — An adjective denoting what is recently made, previously nonexistent, or qualitatively renewed. Applied to physical objects (a new house, Deut 20:5; new wineskins, Job 32:19), to persons and powers (a new king, Exod 1:8; new gods, Deut 32:17), and to theological realities of supreme importance — the new covenant (Jer 31:31), the new song of redemptive praise (Ps 33:3; 96:1; 149:1), and the new things God declares before they spring forth (Isa 42:9; 48:6). All 53 occurrences share the core semantic of novelty, whether physical freshness or eschatological renewal. 0×
AR["الـ-جَدِيدِ", "الْجَدِيدَةِ", "الْجَدِيدِ", "بِ-جَدِيدٍ", "جَديدَةً", "جَدِيدًا", "جَدِيدٌ", "جَدِيدٍ", "جَدِيدَةً", "جَدِيدَةٍ", "جُدُداً"]·ben["নতুন", "নতুনদের"]·DE["[חדשה]", "der-neu", "neu"]·EN["new", "the-new"]·FR["[חדשה]", "le-nouveau", "nouveau"]·heb["ה-חדשה", "חדש", "חדשה", "חדשים"]·HI["नई", "नए", "नया"]·ID["baru", "yang-baru"]·IT["[חדשה]", "il-nuovo", "nuovo"]·jav["enggal", "pedang-énggal", "énggal"]·KO["그-새", "새", "새-것을", "새-것의", "새것", "새것들-을", "새것들로", "새로운"]·PT["nova", "novas", "novo", "novos"]·RU["нового", "новое", "новую", "новые", "новый", "новым", "новыми", "новых"]·ES["el-nuevo", "lo-nuevo", "nueva", "nuevas", "nuevo", "nuevos"]·SW["jipya", "mapya", "mipya", "mpya", "na-weka", "upanga-mpya", "vipya"]·TR["yeni", "yeninin"]·urd["نئی", "نئی۔", "نئے", "نیا"]
Exod 1:8, Lev 23:16, Lev 26:10, Num 28:26, Deut 20:5, Deut 22:8, Deut 24:5, Josh 9:13, Judg 5:8, Judg 15:13, Judg 16:11, Judg 16:12 (+38 more)
1. new, recently made (physical objects) — Split from sense 95582. Criteria: Applied to material objects and persons: new house, new ropes, new cart, new king, new garments, new grain, newly married man. Focus on temporal novelty and physical freshness. 30×
AR["الـ-جَدِيدِ", "الْجَدِيدَةِ", "الْجَدِيدِ", "بِ-جَدِيدٍ", "جَديدَةً", "جَدِيدًا", "جَدِيدٌ", "جَدِيدٍ", "جَدِيدَةً", "جَدِيدَةٍ", "جُدُداً"]·ben["নতুন", "নতুনদের"]·DE["[חדשה]", "der-neu", "neu"]·EN["new", "the-new"]·FR["[חדשה]", "le-nouveau", "nouveau"]·heb["ה-חדשה", "חדש", "חדשה", "חדשים"]·HI["नई", "नए", "नया"]·ID["baru", "yang-baru"]·IT["[חדשה]", "il-nuovo", "nuovo"]·jav["enggal", "pedang-énggal", "énggal"]·KO["그-새", "새", "새-것을", "새-것의", "새것", "새것들-을", "새것들로", "새로운"]·PT["nova", "novas", "novo", "novos"]·RU["нового", "новое", "новую", "новые", "новый", "новым", "новыми", "новых"]·ES["el-nuevo", "lo-nuevo", "nueva", "nuevas", "nuevo", "nuevos"]·SW["jipya", "mapya", "mipya", "mpya", "na-weka", "upanga-mpya", "vipya"]·TR["yeni", "yeninin"]·urd["نئی", "نئی۔", "نئے", "نیا"]
Exod 1:8, Lev 23:16, Lev 26:10, Num 28:26, Deut 20:5, Deut 22:8, Deut 24:5, Deut 32:17, Josh 9:13, Judg 5:8, Judg 15:13, Judg 16:11 (+18 more)
2. new (theological/eschatological renewal) — Split from sense 95582. Criteria: Applied to divine acts and covenant realities: new covenant (Jer 31:31), new song of praise (Ps 33:3; 96:1; 149:1; Isa 42:10), new things God declares (Isa 42:9; 48:6), new heart and spirit (Ezek 11:19; 18:31; 36:26), new mercies (Lam 3:23). Focus on qualitative transformation and eschatological renewal. 23×
AR["الْجَدِيدَةُ", "جَديدَةً", "جَدِيدًا", "جَدِيدٌ", "جَدِيدَةً", "جَدِيدَةٍ"]·ben["নতুন"]·DE["[חדש]", "[חדשה]", "neu"]·EN["a-new-thing", "new", "new-thing", "the-new"]·FR["mois", "nouveau", "nouvelle"]·heb["ה-חדשה", "ה-חדשים", "חדש", "חדשה", "חדשים"]·HI["नई", "नई-बात", "नया"]·ID["baru", "hal-baru", "yang-baru"]·IT["mese", "nuova", "nuovo"]·jav["enggal", "prekawis-énggal", "énggal"]·KO["새", "새-것을", "새것을", "새로운"]·PT["a-nova", "coisa-nova", "nova", "novo", "novos", "os-novos"]·RU["hа-новая", "hа-новые", "новое", "новую", "новые", "новый", "новым"]·ES["cosa-nueva", "nueva", "nuevo", "nuevo,", "nuevos"]·SW["jambo-jipya", "jipya", "mpya"]·TR["ve-ruh", "yeni", "yeni-bir-sey", "yeni-bir-şey", "yürek"]·urd["نئی", "نئی-بات", "نیا"]
Related Senses
H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G2250 1. day (388×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)H2320 1. month, calendar period (260×)H0310a 2. after (temporal) (258×)H3915 1. night, period of darkness (234×)H1242 1. morning (214×)H5750 2. still, yet (continuative) (166×)G5119 1. then (160×)G3568 1. now (147×)G2193 1. until (143×)G3825 1. (141×)G3752 1. (123×)H6153 1. evening, time of day (123×)H0227a 1. then (122×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† חָדָשׁ adj. new(on format. v. LgBN 48)—ח׳ abs. Ex 1:8 + 19 times; f. חֲדָשָׁה Lv 23:16 + 19 times; pl. חֲדָשִׁים Dt 32:17 + 10 times; f. חֲדָשׁוֹת Is 42:9; 48:6;—new, usually a. attrib. Ex 1:8 (E) a new king; so of house Dt 20:5, 22, wife 24:5, cords Ju 15:13; 16:11, 12, cart 1 S 6:7 2 S 6:3(×2) (but del. in v b, cf. We Dr)=1 Ch; 13:7; garment 1 K 11:29, 30, vessel 2 K 2:20, wine-skins Jos 9:13…