H1952 H1952
Wealth, riches, valuable possessions; rarely 'enough, sufficiency' -- a poetic term concentrated in Proverbs and Ezekiel.
Almost exclusively a wisdom and prophetic word, hon appears 24 times for material wealth and twice for the concept of sufficiency. In Proverbs it names the allure and the danger of riches: the wise honor God with their hon (Prov 3:9), yet the wicked covet it violently (Prov 1:13). Ezekiel applies it to Tyre's legendary commercial wealth (Ezek 27:12, 18, 27, 33). The rare sense 'enough' surfaces in Agur's riddle of the four insatiable things (Prov 30:15-16), where Spanish 'basta' (enough!) captures the exclamatory force. The term is a near-synonym of osher (riches) but carries a more concrete, possessive nuance.
Senses
1. wealth, riches — Material wealth, riches, or accumulated possessions. The dominant sense across Proverbs and Ezekiel, frequently paired with osher (Ps 112:3; Prov 8:18) or contrasted with poverty. Ezekiel's Tyre oracles use it for commercial merchandise and trade wealth (Ezek 27:12, 27, 33). French 'richesse' and Spanish 'riqueza' render it straightforwardly. Proverbs 10:15 and 18:11 describe a rich man's wealth as his fortified city, giving hon an almost tangible, fortress-like quality. 24×
AR["أَمْوَالِ", "ثَروَة-", "ثَرْوَةٌ", "ثَرْوَةٍ", "ثَرْوَةُ", "ثَرْوَةِ", "ثَمَنٍ", "غِنىً", "غِنًى", "غِنَاكِ", "مالًا", "مالَهُ", "مِنْ-مَالِكَ", "وَ-ثَرْوَةٌ"]·ben["এবং-ধন", "এবং-সম্পদ", "ঐশ্বর্য", "তার-সম্পদ", "তোমার-সম্পদ-থেকে", "তোমার-সম্পদের", "ধন", "মূল্য", "সম্পদ", "সম্পদের"]·DE["Reichtum", "[הון]", "[הוניך]", "und-Reichtum"]·EN["and-wealth", "from-your-wealth", "his-wealth", "the-wealth-of", "wealth", "wealth-of", "yet-has-wealth", "your-wealth"]·FR["de-ton-richesse-toi", "et-richesse", "la-richesse", "le-richesse", "richesse", "son-richesse-lui"]·heb["הון", "הונו", "הונייך", "ו-הון", "מ-הונך"]·HI["और-धन", "धन", "धन-अपना", "धन-अपने-से", "धन-के", "धन-तेरे", "धन।", "सब-", "सम्पत्ति"]·ID["Harta", "Kekayaan", "dan-kekayaan", "dari-hartamu", "harta", "hartanya", "kekayaan", "kekayaan;", "kekayaanmu", "tetapi-memiliki-harta"]·IT["[הון]", "[הוניך]", "da-ricchezza-tuo", "e-ricchezza", "ricchezza", "ricchezza-suo"]·jav["Bandha-", "bandha", "bandhanipun", "kasugihan", "kasugihan-panjenengan", "kasugihan-saking", "lan-bandha", "rega", "saking-kasugihan-panjenengan"]·KO["그리고-재물-이", "그의-재산을", "네-재물-에서", "재물", "재물-은", "재물-을", "재물-이", "재물은", "재물을", "재물의-너의", "재물이", "재산-을"]·PT["Riqueza", "Riqueza-de", "bem", "bens-de", "de-tua-riqueza", "e-riqueza", "riqueza", "riqueza-de", "riqueza-sua", "tesouro", "tuas-riquezas"]·RU["Богатство-", "богатства", "богатства-твоего", "богатство", "богатство-своё", "и-богатство", "из-имущества-твоего,", "имущество", "имуществом", "цены"]·ES["Riqueza", "Riqueza-de", "bien", "con-tu-hacienda", "la-hacienda-de", "riqueza", "riqueza-de", "su-riqueza", "tus-riquezas", "y-riqueza"]·SW["kwa-mali-yako", "mali", "mali-ya", "mali-yake", "na-ana-utajiri", "na-utajiri", "utajiri", "utajiri-wako", "yote"]·TR["servet", "servet-", "serveti", "servetin", "servetini", "servetinle", "servetle", "servetlerinin", "varlik", "ve-servet", "ve-serveti", "zenginlikle"]·urd["اور-دولت", "دولت", "دولت-اپنی", "دولت-تیری", "مال", "مال-اپنے-سے"]
Ps 44:12, Ps 112:3, Ps 119:14, Prov 1:13, Prov 3:9, Prov 6:31, Prov 8:18, Prov 10:15, Prov 11:4, Prov 12:27, Prov 13:7, Prov 13:11 (+12 more)
2. enough, sufficiency — Enough, sufficiency -- an adverbial or exclamatory use meaning 'it is enough!' Found only in Proverbs 30:15-16 within the numerical proverb about things that never say 'enough': the grave, the barren womb, parched land, and fire. Spanish 'basta' and English 'enough' isolate this sense sharply from the wealth meaning, suggesting it may derive from an older root sense of 'substance/capacity' that Proverbs preserves in fossilized form. 2×
AR["كَفى"]·ben["যথেষ্ট"]·DE["Reichtum"]·EN["enough"]·FR["richesse"]·heb["הון"]·HI["बहुत।"]·ID["cukup"]·IT["ricchezza"]·jav["cekap"]·KO["족하다"]·PT["basta"]·RU["довольно"]·ES["basta"]·SW["tosha"]·TR["yeter"]·urd["کافی"]
Related Senses
H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)H8147 1. cardinal number two (666×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† הוֹן n.m. Pr 8:18, wealth, sufficiency (poet., almost wholly WisdLt, especially Pr; cf. 1. אוֹן p. 20 supr.)—abs. הוֹן Pr 1:13 + 15 times + Ez 27:12, 18 (where 𝔊 𝔖 Co הוֹנֵךְ); cstr. Pr 6:31 + 3 times; sf. הוֶֹנ֑ךָ Pr 3:9; הוֹנֵךְ Ez 27:27 + v 12, 18 Co; הוֹנוֹ Pr 28:8; pl. sf. הוֹנַיִךְ Ez 27:33— 1. wealth ψ 112:3 (‖ עֹשֶׁר) Pr 8:18 (‖ id.) 1:13 (‖ שָׁלָל) cf. עָשִׁיר" dir="rtl" >הוֹן…