H1739 H1739
faint, sick, unwell; menstruous, in a state of menstrual impurity
An adjective describing a state of physical weakness, illness, or ritual impurity from menstruation. In Lamentations it conveys deep emotional and spiritual faintness: Jerusalem's heart is faint (1:13), and Zion's eyes grow dim (5:17). In the Levitical purity laws, the feminine form describes a woman during menstruation (Lev 15:33; 20:18). Isaiah 30:22 uses it metaphorically, comparing the rejection of idols to casting away something unclean. The convergence of physical debility and ritual impurity in a single term reflects the Hebrew holistic view of bodily and spiritual wholeness.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Faint, sick, languishing. Used of emotional or spiritual exhaustion, as in Lam 1:13 where Jerusalem is left desolate and faint, and Lam 5:17 where the heart is sick with grief. Spanish 'enfermo' (sick) and French 'malade' confirm the general illness sense. The parallelism with shomemah (desolate) in Lam 1:13 underscores the totality of debilitation. 5×
AR["فِي-طَمْثِهَا", "مَرِيضًا", "مَرِيضَةً", "نِجَاسَةٍ", "وَ-ال-مَرِيضَةُ"]·ben["অশুদ্ধতা", "অসুস্থ", "এবং-সেই-অসুস্থা"]·DE["[דוה]", "krank", "menstruating", "und-der-schwach"]·EN["and-the-faint", "faint", "menstruating", "you-shall-say"]·FR["et-le-faint", "malade", "menstruating"]·heb["דוה", "דווה", "ו-ה-והדוה"]·HI["अशुद्ध-वस्तु", "और-वाली की", "बीमार", "बेहोश", "रजस्वला"]·ID["Dan-yang-sakit", "kain-haid", "lemah", "yang-sedang-sakit"]·IT["e-il-debole", "languente", "menstruating"]·jav["barang-kotor", "ingkang-gerah,", "lan-tiyang-ingkang-gerah", "lara", "lemes"]·KO["그리고-아픈-여자-와", "병든", "불결한-것을", "아픈"]·PT["E-a-enferma", "enferma", "enfermo", "imundice", "menstruada"]·RU["болезненной", "болезненным", "больной", "и-больной", "нечистоту"]·ES["enferma", "enfermo", "inmundicia", "y-la-enferma"]·SW["Na-mwenye-hedhi", "mgonjwa", "mwenye-hedhi", "uchafu"]·TR["adet-gören", "hasta", "kirli-bez", "ve-hasta-olan"]·urd["اور-بیمار", "بیمار", "ناپاکی"]
Related Senses
H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0398 1. eat (consume food) (697×)H4191 1. die (Qal: natural/general death) (645×)G3708 1. see, perceive visually (419×)G0191 1. hear, perceive sound (360×)H???? 3. (352×)G3708 2. behold, look (exclamatory) (256×)H7272 1. foot (body part) (236×)H8354 1. drink, consume liquid (209×)H3205 1. Qal active: bear/give birth (female subject) (204×)H3205 2. Qal active: beget/father (male subject) (198×)H2421 1. Qal: live, be alive (177×)H8085 2. Qal: listen, heed, pay attention (172×)H2416a 1. alive, living (state/attribute) (146×)H2416e 1. life, lifespan, lifetime (145×)G2198 1. be alive, have life (133×)H8193 1. lip, lips (body part) (123×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† דָּוֶה adj. faint, unwell—דָּוֶה La 5:17, f. דָּוָה Lv 15:33 = 3 times; 1. faint, La 1:13 (‖ שֹׁמֵמָה) 5:17. 2. unwell, menstruous Lv 15:33; 20:18; Is 30:22 דָּוָה perhaps = כְּלִי דָוָה De.