Sickness and Illness

† I. חָלָה vb. be weak, sick (NH id.; Aramaic חֲלָא suffer (rare); Assyrian ḫalû, sickness, grief, DlPr 181)— Qal Pf. ח׳ 1 K 14:1 + 8 times; 2 fs. חָלִית Is 57:10; 1 s. חָלִיתִי 1 S 30:13 + 2 times; וְחָלִי֫תִי consec. Ju 16:7, 11, 17, חָלוּ֫ Je 5:3 (so read, v. infr.); Impf. וַיָּ֑חַל 2 K 1:2; Inf. sf. חֲלֹתוֹ Is 38:9; חֲלוֹתִי ψ 77:11 cf. sub Pi.; חֲלוֹתָם ψ 35:13; Pt. חֹלֶה Gn 48:1 + 6 times + 1 S 22:8 (v. infr.); חוֹלֶה Ne 2:2 Mal 1:13; f. חוֹלָה Ec 5:12 + 3 times (for Je 4:31 v. I. חוּל), cstr. חוֹלַת Ct 2:5; 5:8;— 1. be or become weak, Samson Ju 16:7, 11, 17; feel weak Is 57:10 (Che) Ez 34:4, 16. 2. become sick, ill Gn 48:1 (E) 1 S 19:14; 30:13 1 K 14:1, 5; 15:23 (of Asa, = חלא 2 Ch 16:2) 17:17 2 K 1:2; 8:7; 13:14 (c. acc. cogn.) 20:12 = Is 39:1, Is 33:24; 38:9 Pr 23:35 ψ 35:13 Ne 2:2, cf. ψ 77:11 חֲלוֹתִי for חַלּוֹתִי Che after Bi; lame and sick—i.e. imperfect for sacrifice—of animals Mal 1:8, 13; sick from effect of wounds 2 K 8:29 = 2 Ch 22:6, cf. Pr 23:35, מַכָּה with חֳלִי Dt 28:59, 61 Je 6:7; 10:19; hyperbol. sick from love חוֹלַת אַהֲבָה אני Ct 2:5; 5:8; be sick unto dying חלה לָמוּת 2 K 20:1 = Is 38:1, ח׳עד־למות (late) 2 Ch 32:24; Je 5:3 read prob. לֹא חָלוּ֫ (for MT חָ֫לוּ, v. I. חול) of the people, unmoved by י׳’s chastisements; thou hast smitten them, but they are not sick (cf. Niph. Am 6:6); of sickness of the mind in MT 1 S 22:8 sq. עַל (but read rather חֹמֵל 𝔊 Gr Klo Dr); pt. as adj. severe, sore רָעָה חוֹלָה Ec 5:12, 15;—on Je 4:31 v. חוּל" dir="rtl" >I. חול. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נֶחֱלֵיתִי Dn 8:27; 3 pl. נֶחְלוּ Am 6:6 Je 12:13; Pt. f. נַחֲלָה Is 17:11 + 4 times; pl. נַחְלוֹת Ez 34:4 (del. Co) v 21;— 1. make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself Je 12:13 (but Gr נִלְאוּ). 2. be made sick Dn 8:27; לֹא נֶח׳ of indifference, apathy Am 6:6 sq. על (cf. Qal Je 5:3); pt. diseased, as subst. c. art. Ez 34:4 (del. Co) v 21; = severe, sore (pred. of מַכָּה) Na 3:19 Je 10:19; 14:17; 30:12; also (מַכָּה om.) Is 17:11. Pi. Pf. חִלָּה make sick, c. acc. cogn. + בְּ of land Dt 29:21; Inf. cstr. חַלּוֹתִי הִיא ψ 77:11 read prob. חֲלוֹתִי, Inf. Qal, my sickness, so Bi Che (others der. from חלל my wounding, v. De).—For other forms of Pi. v. חלה" dir="rtl" >II. חלה. Pu. Pf. be made weak, 2 ms. חֻלֵּיתָ Is 14:10. Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְחָ֑ל 2 S 13:6; Imv. הִתְחָ֑ל 2 S 13:5; Inf. הִתְחַלּוֹת 2 S 13:2;—make oneself sick, of Ammon’s morbid passion for his sister 2 S 13:2, sq. בַּעֲבוּר; of his pretended sickness of body 2 S 13:5, 6. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶחֱלִי Is 53:10; 1 s. הֶהֱלֵתִי Mi 6:13; pl. הֶחֱלוּ Ho 7:5 (on text v. infr.); Pt. מַחֲלָה Pr 13:12;— 1. make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting הַכּוֹתֶ֑ךָ Mi 6:13 (cf. Na 3:19, Niph.); obj. (implic.) a person, וי׳ חָפֵץ דַּכְּאוֹ הֶחֱלִי Is 53:10 it pleased י׳ to bruise him, making him sick = to bruise him sorely, v. further Di. 2. make sick, obj. לֵב (of hope deferred) Pr 13:12. 3. shew (signs of) sickness, become sick, only הֶח׳ שׂרים חֲמַת מִיָּ֑יִן Ho 7:5 princes are become sick with fever of wine (Now Che VB; > Vrss Hi-St who read הֵחֵלּוּ they begin the day with wine-fever). Hoph. Pf. be made sick = wounded הָֽחֳלֵיתִי 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, 2 Ch 35:23.

Included with: ἀσθέν-εια, ἡ, want of strength, weakness, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially feebleness, sickliness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 disease, sickness, Refs 2nd c.BC+; δι᾽ ἀσθένειανNT __3 ἀ. βίου poverty, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in moral sense, feebleness, weakness, τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεωςRefs 5th c.BC+ to be weak, feeble, sickly, ἀ. μέλη to be weak in limb, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἀσθένειαν NT+5th c.BC+; ἠσθένησε he fell sick, Refs 4th c.BC+sick man, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἠσθενηκόταRefs 2nd c.BC+ __2 to be needy, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἠσθενηκότες, of those unable to pay taxes, Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 with infinitive, to be too weak to do a thing, not to be able.., Refs 1st c.AD+ __4 decline, ἠσθένησεν ἡ ἡμέρα εἰς τὴν ἑσπέρανLXX

ἀσθεν-ής, ές, without strength, weak, __1 in body, feeble, sickly, τοὺς ἀσθενέας τῆς στρατιῆςRefs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς ἀσθενεστάτους ἐς τὰς ταλαιπωρίας least able to bear hardship, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀσθενέστερος πόνον ἐνεγκεῖν too weak to.., Refs 4th c.BC+. adverb ἀσθενῶς, ἴσχεινRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 in mind, and the like, τὸ ἀ. τῆς γνώμης the weakness, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 in power, weak, feeble, ἀ. δύναμιςRefs 5th c.BC+ __4 in property, weak, poor, οἱ χρήμασιν ἀσθενέστεροιRefs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἀσθενέστεροι the weaker sort, i.e. the poor, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 insignificant, οὐκ ἀσθενέστατος σοφιστὴς ἙλλήνωνRefs 5th c.BC+; paltry, ἀ. σόφισμαRefs 4th c.BC+; of streams, petty, small, Refs 5th c.BC+; of fluids, of small specific gravity, Refs; ἐς ἀσθενὲς ἔρχεται comes to nothing, Refs. adverb -νῶς feebly, without energy, Refs 5th c.BC+; on slight evidence, ἀπαγγέλλεσθαιRefs 1st c.AD+Praef.: comparative ἀσθενεστέρως, ἐπιθυμεῖνRefs 5th c.BC+ -έστερον Refs -έστερα Refs 5th c.BC+

παρα-λῠτικός, ή, όν, paralytic, NT+1st c.AD+

† I. [אָנַשׁ] vb. be weak, sick (Assyrian anâšu ZimBP 56, 70; Wetzst in DePsalmen, ed. 4, 882 der. from II. אנשׁ per antiphrasin; DlPr 160 identified with III. אנשׁ; v. also DePsalmen, ed. 4, 904; so LagBN 60, who comp. سَيْف أَنِيث, weichliches d.h. stumpfes Schwert. It seems safer at present to keep the three distinct). Qal Pt. pass. אָנוּשׁ Jb 34:6 +; אֲנוּשָׁה Je 15:18; Mi 1:9 & so read ψ 69:21 (Bi Che) etc.; as adj. incurable, of wound, but metaph. (מַכָּה) Mi 1:9; Je 15:18; cf. Jb 34:6 (חֵץ), Je 30:12 (שֵׁבֶר; ‖ נַחְלָה מַכָּה); so כְּאֵב אָנוּשׁ Is 17:11; cf. Je 30:15 (מַכְאֹב); cf. יוֹם" dir="rtl" >יוֹם אָנוּשׁ 17:16; also in phr. עָקֹב הַלֵּב מִכֹּל וְאָנֻשׁ הוּא Je 17:9. Niph. Impf. וַיֵּאָנַ֑֯שׁ 2 S 12:15 be sick, of child.

† יֵרָקוֹן n.m. mildew, paleness, lividness; 1. rust Am 4:9 Dt 28:22 1 K 8:37 Hg 2:17 2 Ch 6:28 (all ‖ שִׁדָּפוֹן). 2. paleness (of face) Je 30:6.

ἄρρωστ-ος, ον, (ῥώννυμι) weak, sickly, Refs 4th c.BC+. adverb -τως, ἔχεινRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 in moral sense, weak, feeble, τὴν ψυχήνRefs 5th c.BC+ __3 ἀρρωστότερος ἐς τὴν μισθοδοσίαν remiss in payment, Refs 5th c.BC+

παραλύω [see. λύω]: __I with accusative of things, loose and take off, detach, τὰ πηδάλια τῶν νεῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ taking off the rudders, Refs 5th c.BC+ — _passive_, παραλελυμέναι τοὺς ταρσούς with their oars taken off, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, π. τὴν ῥαφὴν [τοῦ χιτῶνος] Refs:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.b hamstring, ἅρματα LXX __I.2 undo, put an end to, πόνους Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν τοῦ παιδίου ἀμφισβήτησιν relinquish it, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, get rid of, τὸν κίνδυνον Refs 1st c.BC+ __I.3 undo secretly, τὰ σακκία τῶν χρημάτων Refs 1st c.BC+ __I.4 pay a penalty, LXX; = Latin persolvo, νόμισμα Refs 6th c.AD+ __II with accusative person et genitive of things, part from, πολλοὺς ἤδη παρέλυσεν θάνατος δάμαρτος Refs 5th c.BC+ was detached from them, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ τῆς στρατιῆς release from military service, Refs (and in passive, to be exempt from it, Refs 3rd c.BC+; π. τινὰ δυσφρονᾶν set free from cares, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὰ τῆς στρατηγίης dismiss from the command, Refs 5th c.BC+ (so in passive, π. τῆς φυλακῆς Refs 5th c.BC+; also τὴν ἀρχήν τινι π. Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς Ἀθηναίους π. τῆς ἐς αὐτὸν ὀργῆς set them free, release them from.., Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative only, set free, δυστάνου ψυχάν Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, obtain leave of absence from, τοὺς παιδονόμους Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III loose besides, in addition, π. καὶ ἑτέραν [κύνα] Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV disable, enfeeble, Refs 5th c.BC+:—mostly in passive, to be paralysed, δεξιὴ χεὶρ παρελύθη Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, to be exhausted, flag, ἡ δύναμις.. τῆς πόλεως παρελύθη Refs 5th c.BC+

† דָּוֶה adj. faint, unwell—דָּוֶה La 5:17, f. דָּוָה Lv 15:33 = 3 times; 1. faint, La 1:13 (‖ שֹׁמֵמָה) 5:17. 2. unwell, menstruous Lv 15:33; 20:18; Is 30:22 דָּוָה perhaps = כְּלִי דָוָה De.

σελην-ιάζομαι, passive, to be moonstruck, i.e. epileptic, NT+2nd c.AD+ __2 to be sublunar, i.e. subject to change and decay, -ομένης τῆς φύσεωςRefs 5th c.BC+

† שַׁחֶ֫פֶת n.f. wasting disease, consumption Dt 28:22; Lv 26:16 (H).

νοσ-έω (no Ionic dialect form νουσέω is found), to be sick, ail, whether in body or mind, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς πόλεως.. οὔπω νενοσηκυίας not yet having suffered from the plague, Refs 5th c.BC+diseased, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ νοσοῦν, ={νόσος}, Refs 5th c.BC+aorist νοσῆσαι, fall sick, Refs 5th c.BC+; of things, γῆ νοσεῖ Refs 5th c.BC+; of plants, Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, ἡμέραι αἱ νοσούμεναι days on which one is ill, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of passion, ν. μάταν to be mad, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξ ἀλαστόρων ν. Refs; νοσῶν alone, opposed to σώφρων,Refs 5th c.BC+; ν. περὶ δόξαν to have a morbid craving for fame, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 generally, suffer, νοσεῖ τὰ τῶν θεῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκεῖ νοσοῦμεν ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; especially of states, suffer from faction and the like, ἡ Μίλητος νοσήσασα στάσι Refs 5th c.BC+

ὑδρωπ-ικός, ή, όν, suffering from dropsy, NT+5th c.BC+

† [דּוּב] vb. pine away (cf. דאב, דאבון)— Hiph. Pt. f. pl. מְדִיבֹת נפשׁ Lv 26:16 (diseases) causing to pine away the soul (life), cf. Di; in 1 S 2:33 read prob. Inf. לְהָדִיב את נפשׁך (for MT לַאֲדִיב) so Dr; trans. to cause thy (al. his) soul to pine away (cf. VB).

† I. [חָלָא] vb. be sick, diseased (= חלה, v. Ges§ 75, 22)— Qal Impf. וַיֶּחֱלֶא אָסָא … בְּרַגְלָיו 2 Ch 16:12 (= חלה 1 K 15:23).

† [נוּשׁ] vb. be sick, si vera l. ( = I. אנשׁ according to Thes who comp. Syriac ܢܰܫ );— Qal Impf. 1 s. וָֽאָנוּשָׁה ψ 69:21, but read perhaps [מַכַּת נַפְשִׁי] וַאֲנוּשָׁה (‖ חֶרְפָּה שָֽׁבְרָה לִבִּי), Bi Che crit. n., cf. 𝔊, v. אָנַשׁ" dir="rtl" >I. אנשׁ; or (קַוֹּן) וְאָנוּשׁ הוּא קַוֵּה (with different word-division), Weir Acad. 1870, 257 (who cp. Je 17:9; 8:15).

† I. [נָסַס] vb. be sick (?; cf. Syriac ܢܰܣ id., and especially ܢܰܣܺܝܣ debilis, infirmus, aegrotans, etc., PS2387; 𝔗 נְסַס be sad; Assyrian nasâsu, wail, lament DlHWB 427; Arabic نَسَّ is go at a gentle pace);—only Qal Pt. act. (si vera l.) כִּמְסֹס נֹסֵס Is 10:18 like the wasting away of a sick man (so Thes Ew De Che Di Du).