H1524a H1524a
Rejoicing, exultation; intense communal or religious joy, often paired with simchah as its poetic parallel.
A noun from the root g-y-l meaning 'to spin around with joy,' conveying an exuberant, almost physical gladness. In the Psalms it appears as the 'joy of my rejoicing' (Ps 43:4) and as a shout rising from the meadows themselves (Ps 65:12). Prophetic texts pair it with simchah to describe the festive gladness that God removes as judgment—wine-treading joy ceasing in Moab (Isa 16:10; Jer 48:33) and harvest celebration stripped from Israel (Joel 1:16). Hosea warns Israel not to 'rejoice unto exultation' like the nations (Hos 9:1), showing that true gīl belongs to covenant relationship with God.
Senses
1. rejoicing, exultation — Rejoicing or exultation as an abstract quality—an intense, often communal gladness associated with worship, harvest, or covenant celebration. Multilingual renderings converge on 'rejoicing/gladness' (English), 'regocijo/gozo' (Spanish), 'allégresse/joie' (French), and 'Fröhlichkeit' (German), all pointing to a heightened, celebratory joy. Typically paralleled with simchah (Ps 45:15; Isa 16:10; Joel 1:16), it describes the kind of exuberant delight that characterizes right relationship with God (Ps 43:4) or whose absence signals divine judgment (Jer 48:33). 8×
AR["الابتِهاجِ", "الابْتِهاجِ", "بَهْجَتي", "وَ-الابْتِهاجُ", "وَ-الابْتِهَاجُ", "وَ-بِ-ابْتِهاجٍ", "وَابْتِهاجٍ", "وَالْبَهْجَةُ"]·ben["উল্লাস", "উল্লাস-আমার", "উল্লাসের", "এবং-উল্লাস", "ও-আনন্দে", "ও-উল্লাস"]·DE["[גיל]", "[וגיל]", "mein-Fröhlichkeit", "und-Jubel", "und-mit-Freude", "und-rejoicing"]·EN["and-gladness", "and-rejoicing", "and-with-joy", "exultation", "joy", "my-gladness"]·FR["et-allégresse", "et-joie", "joie", "גיל"]·heb["גיל", "גיל-י", "ו-גיל"]·HI["उल्लास", "उल्लास-मेरे-का", "और-आनंद", "और-उल्लास-के-साथ", "और-खुशी", "और-हर्ष?"]·ID["bersorak-sorai", "dan-kegembiraan?", "dan-kegirangan", "dan-keriangan", "sorak-sorai"]·IT["[גיל]", "[וגיל]", "e-gioia", "gioia"]·jav["kabungahan", "kabungahan-kula", "lan-kabungahan", "lan-kasukan", "lan-suka", "lan-surak", "saha-kabingahan", "surak"]·KO["그리고-기쁨-으로", "그리고-즐거움", "그리고-즐거움-이", "그리고-즐거움이", "기쁨", "내-즐거움-의", "즐거움"]·PT["e-de-alegria", "e-júbilo", "e-regozijo", "exultação", "júbilo", "meu-júbilo"]·RU["веселия-моего", "веселья", "и-веселии", "и-веселье", "и-радостью"]·ES["mi-alegría", "regocijo", "y-gozo", "y-regocijo", "y-regocijo?"]·SW["na-furaha", "na-shangwe", "shangwe", "shangwe-yangu"]·TR["coşkuya", "sevinçliğimin", "ve-nesei", "ve-neselenmek", "ve-neşe", "ve-neşeyle", "ve-sevinç"]·urd["اور-شادمانی", "اور-مسرت", "خوشی", "میری-شادمانی-کی", "ناچنا", "وَ-خوشی"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. גִּיל n.[m.] rejoicing—Jb 3:22 + 6times, גִּו֯ל Pr 23:24; sf. גִּילִי ψ 43:4;—rejoicing ψ 65:13 Pr 23:24; ‖ שׂמחה ψ 45:16 Is 16:10 Je 48:33 Jo 1:16, שִׂמְחַת גִילִי ψ 43:4, שׂמח אל גיל glad unto rejoicing Ho 9:1 Jb 3:22.