H1523 H1523
To rejoice, exult, or be glad; expressive jubilation often paired with simchah in worship contexts
A verb of exuberant, outward joy frequently paired with samach (rejoice) in the Psalms. Gil carries a sense of spinning or whirling delight — Arabic cognates suggest circular, excited motion. It appears most often in calls to worship (Ps 2:11, "Rejoice with trembling") and prophetic promises of restoration (Isa 49:13; Zech 9:9). Spanish "gozarse" and French "exulter" both capture the intensity that distinguishes gil from quieter forms of gladness.
Senses
1. rejoice, be glad — The core verbal sense: to rejoice, be glad, exult. Nearly always appears alongside samach or in worship contexts — "Let the heavens rejoice" (Ps 96:11), "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion" (Zech 9:9). Multilingual glosses consistently choose strong terms: Spanish gozarse, French exulter, English rejoice, pointing to demonstrative, exuberant joy rather than mere contentment. 43×
AR["اِبْتَهِجوا","اِبْتَهِجي","تَبْتَهِج","تَبْتَهِجُ","نَبْتَهِجُ","نَجِيلَه","وَ-أَبْتَهِجُ","وَ-ابْتَهِجُوا","وَ-تَبْتَهِجُ","وَ-يَبْتَهِجُ","وَابْتَهِجُوا","يَبْتَهِجُ","يَبْتَهِجُونَ"]·ben["-এবং-আনন্দিত-হও","-এবং-আমি-উল্লাস-করব","-এবং-উল্লাস-কর","আনন্দ-কর","আনন্দ-করবে","আনন্দিত-হই","আনন্দিত-হবে","আমরা-আনন্দ-করব","উল্লাস-করবে","উল্লাস-করুক","এবং-আনন্দ-কর","এবং-উল্লাস-করুক","ও-উল্লাস-কর","ও-উল্লাস-করবে","ও-উল্লাস-করুক"]·DE["[גילו]","[גילי]","[ותגל]","[נגילה]","frohlockte","jubeln","lass-sein-glad","lass-sich-freuen","und-frohlockte","und-jubeln","und-jubelt"]·EN["And-I-shall-rejoice","and-be-glad","and-dry-land","and-exult","and-let-be-glad","and-rejoice","let-be-glad","let-rejoice","let-us-rejoice","rejoice","shall-rejoice","will-exult"]·FR["[ותגל]","et-exulter","exulter","nous-nous-réjouirons","réjouir"]·heb["גילוּ","גילי","ו-גילו","ו-גלתי","ו-תגל","יגילו","יגל","נגילה","תגיל","תגלנה"]·HI["आनंदित-हों","आनंदित-होगा","आनन्दित-हो","और-आनन्द-करो","और-आनन्दित-होगी","और-खुशी-मनाएँगा-मैं","और-खुशी-मनाओ","और-मगन-करे","और-मगन-करो","और-मगन-हो","मगन-हो","मगन-हों","मगन-होंगे","हम-मग्न-होंगे"]·ID["Dan-Aku-akan-bergembira","bersorak","bersoraklah","bersukacita","bersukaria","dan-akan-bergirang","dan-bergembiralah","dan-bersoraklah","dan-biarlah-bersorak","mari-kita-bersorak-sorak","marilah-kita-bersukacita"]·IT["[ותגל]","e-esultare","e-esulto'","esultare","esulto'","gioia"]·jav["Gusti Allah","Lan-Kawula-badhe-surak","badhe-gumbira","bingah-bingah","bingaha","ing-batos","kita-bingah","lan","lan-mugi-surak","lan-suka","lan-surak","lan-surak-surak","saha-bingah-a","sumangga-kita-bingah","surak-surak","tiyang"]·KO["그-와-즐거워하라","그리고-기뽑하라","그리고-내가-기뻐할-것이다","그리고-즐거워하라","그리고-즐거워하리라","그리고-즐거워할-것이다","기뻐하리로다","기뻐하리이다","기뽐하리이다","우리-가-기뻐하리라","즐거워하게-하소서","즐거워하라","즐거워하리이다","즐거워하며","즐거워할-것이다"]·PT["E-exultarei","e-exultai","e-exultará","e-exulte","exulta","exultai","exultaremos","exultará","exultarão","exulte","exultem"]·RU["будем-радоваться","возрадуется","возрадуются","да-возрадуются","да-радуются","и-веселитесь","и-возвеселится","и-возрадуюсь-Я","и-да-веселится","и-радуйтесь","радуйся","радуйтесь"]·ES["Y-me-gozaré","gocense","nos-gozaremos","regocijaos","regocíjate","se-gocen","se-gozará","se-gozarán","y-alegraos","y-gozaos","y-regocijaos","y-regocíjese","y-se-gozará","y-se-regocijará"]·SW["atashangilia","furahia","furahini","itafurahi","kwa-kutetemeka","litafurahi","na-ishangilie","na-itashangilia","na-nitashangilia","na-shangilieni","tushangilie","tutafurahi","wafurahi","watashangilia","zifurahi"]·TR["Ve-sevinecegim","sevin","sevinecekler","sevinelim","sevinin","sevinsin","sevinsinler","ve-coskacak","ve-coskuyla-sevinin","ve-coşsun","ve-coşun","ve-sevinin","ve-sevinsin"]·urd["اور-خوش-ہو","اور-خوشی-منائے","اور-خوشی-کرو","اور-شاد-ہوگی","اور-شادمان-ہو","اور-میں-خوش-ہوں-گا","خوش-ہو","خوش-ہوں","خوش-ہوں-گے","خوشی-منائے","شادمان-ہوں","ہم-خوشی-مناتے-ہیں"]
2. rejoicing (nominal/adverbial) — The infinitive absolute used adverbially or nominally to express the manner or act of rejoicing, as in Prov 23:24 where a father "shall greatly rejoice" (gil yagil). German and French leave this form untranslated, while Spanish renders it as the gerund regocijando, highlighting its intensifying function within the verbal system. 2×
AR["(ابْتِهاجٌ)","[تبتهج]"]·ben["[কেতীব]","অবশ্যই-আনন্দ-করবে"]·DE["[(גיל)]","[[גול]]"]·EN["[rejoicing]","rejoicing"]·FR["se-réjouir"]·heb["(גיל)","[גול]"]·HI["(आनंद)","[आनंद]"]·ID["(bersorak-sorai)","[bersorak-sorai]"]·IT["esultare"]·jav["bingah"]·KO["(기뻐함으로)","[기뻐함으로]"]·PT["[Alegrar]","alegrar"]·RU["[ктив:радостью]","радостью"]·ES["(regocijando)","[regocijando]"]·SW["(furaha)","[furaha]"]·TR["(sevinç-duyar)","[sevinç-duyar]"]·urd["خوشی-سے"]
3. sense 3 — A single disputed occurrence at Hosea 10:5 where context suggests trembling fear rather than joy — English renders "shall tremble" while Spanish retains "shall rejoice" (se regocijarán). The ambiguity likely arises from ironic prophetic reversal: what was worship-joy for the golden calf becomes fearful anguish at its removal. 1×
AR["يَبتَهِجونَ"]·ben["উল্লাস-করবে"]·DE["[יגילו]"]·EN["shall-tremble"]·FR["réjouir"]·heb["יגילו"]·HI["खुशी-मनाएँगे"]·IT["gioia"]·jav["sami-njerit"]·KO["기믭하는도다"]·PT["exultarão"]·RU["восклицают"]·ES["se-regocijarán"]·SW["watalia"]·TR["sevinecekler"]·urd["خوشی-منائیں-گے"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גִּיל] vb. rejoice (NöZMG 1883, 537; cf. Arabic جَالَ go round or about, be excited to levity, etc.)— Qal Pf. גַּלְתִּי Is 65:19; Impf. יָגִיל, תָּגִיל ψ 21:2 + 4 times (ψ 21:2 Kt יגיל, Qr יָ֫גֶל with retracted tone); יָגֵל, תָּגֵל ψ 13:6 + 11 times, וַיָּגֶל ψ 16:9, אָגִילָה, נָגִילָה ψ 9:15 + 5 times, יָגִילוּ ψ 13:5 + 5 times, יְגִילוּן ψ 89:17, תָּגֵלְנָה ψ 48:12 + 2 times; יָגִו֯ל Pr…