H1523 H1523
To rejoice, exult, or be glad; expressive jubilation often paired with simchah in worship contexts
A verb of exuberant, outward joy frequently paired with samach (rejoice) in the Psalms. Gil carries a sense of spinning or whirling delight — Arabic cognates suggest circular, excited motion. It appears most often in calls to worship (Ps 2:11, "Rejoice with trembling") and prophetic promises of restoration (Isa 49:13; Zech 9:9). Spanish "gozarse" and French "exulter" both capture the intensity that distinguishes gil from quieter forms of gladness.
Senses
1. rejoice, be glad — The core verbal sense: to rejoice, be glad, exult. Nearly always appears alongside samach or in worship contexts — "Let the heavens rejoice" (Ps 96:11), "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion" (Zech 9:9). Multilingual glosses consistently choose strong terms: Spanish gozarse, French exulter, English rejoice, pointing to demonstrative, exuberant joy rather than mere contentment. 43×
AR["اِبْتَهِجوا", "اِبْتَهِجي", "تَبْتَهِج", "تَبْتَهِجُ", "نَبْتَهِجُ", "نَجِيلَه", "وَ-أَبْتَهِجُ", "وَ-ابْتَهِجُوا", "وَ-تَبْتَهِجُ", "وَ-يَبْتَهِجُ", "وَابْتَهِجُوا", "يَبْتَهِجُ", "يَبْتَهِجُونَ"]·ben["-এবং-আনন্দিত-হও", "-এবং-আমি-উল্লাস-করব", "-এবং-উল্লাস-কর", "আনন্দ-কর", "আনন্দ-করবে", "আনন্দিত-হই", "আনন্দিত-হবে", "আমরা-আনন্দ-করব", "উল্লাস-করবে", "উল্লাস-করুক", "এবং-আনন্দ-কর", "এবং-উল্লাস-করুক", "ও-উল্লাস-কর", "ও-উল্লাস-করবে", "ও-উল্লাস-করুক"]·DE["[גילו]", "[גילי]", "[ותגל]", "[נגילה]", "frohlockte", "jubeln", "lass-sein-glad", "lass-sich-freuen", "und-frohlockte", "und-jubeln", "und-jubelt"]·EN["And-I-shall-rejoice", "and-be-glad", "and-dry-land", "and-exult", "and-let-be-glad", "and-rejoice", "let-be-glad", "let-rejoice", "let-us-rejoice", "rejoice", "shall-rejoice", "will-exult"]·FR["[ותגל]", "et-exulter", "exulter", "nous-nous-réjouirons", "réjouir"]·heb["גילוּ", "גילי", "ו-גילו", "ו-גלתי", "ו-תגל", "יגילו", "יגל", "נגילה", "תגיל", "תגלנה"]·HI["आनंदित-हों", "आनंदित-होगा", "आनन्दित-हो", "और-आनन्द-करो", "और-आनन्दित-होगी", "और-खुशी-मनाएँगा-मैं", "और-खुशी-मनाओ", "और-मगन-करे", "और-मगन-करो", "और-मगन-हो", "मगन-हो", "मगन-हों", "मगन-होंगे", "हम-मग्न-होंगे"]·ID["Dan-Aku-akan-bergembira", "bersorak", "bersoraklah", "bersukacita", "bersukaria", "dan-akan-bergirang", "dan-bergembiralah", "dan-bersoraklah", "dan-biarlah-bersorak", "mari-kita-bersorak-sorak", "marilah-kita-bersukacita"]·IT["[ותגל]", "e-esultare", "e-esulto'", "esultare", "esulto'", "gioia"]·jav["Gusti Allah", "Lan-Kawula-badhe-surak", "badhe-gumbira", "bingah-bingah", "bingaha", "ing-batos", "kita-bingah", "lan", "lan-mugi-surak", "lan-suka", "lan-surak", "lan-surak-surak", "saha-bingah-a", "sumangga-kita-bingah", "surak-surak", "tiyang"]·KO["그-와-즐거워하라", "그리고-기뽑하라", "그리고-내가-기뻐할-것이다", "그리고-즐거워하라", "그리고-즐거워하리라", "그리고-즐거워할-것이다", "기뻐하리로다", "기뻐하리이다", "기뽐하리이다", "우리-가-기뻐하리라", "즐거워하게-하소서", "즐거워하라", "즐거워하리이다", "즐거워하며", "즐거워할-것이다"]·PT["E-exultarei", "e-exultai", "e-exultará", "e-exulte", "exulta", "exultai", "exultaremos", "exultará", "exultarão", "exulte", "exultem"]·RU["будем-радоваться", "возрадуется", "возрадуются", "да-возрадуются", "да-радуются", "и-веселитесь", "и-возвеселится", "и-возрадуюсь-Я", "и-да-веселится", "и-радуйтесь", "радуйся", "радуйтесь"]·ES["Y-me-gozaré", "gocense", "nos-gozaremos", "regocijaos", "regocíjate", "se-gocen", "se-gozará", "se-gozarán", "y-alegraos", "y-gozaos", "y-regocijaos", "y-regocíjese", "y-se-gozará", "y-se-regocijará"]·SW["atashangilia", "furahia", "furahini", "itafurahi", "kwa-kutetemeka", "litafurahi", "na-ishangilie", "na-itashangilia", "na-nitashangilia", "na-shangilieni", "tushangilie", "tutafurahi", "wafurahi", "watashangilia", "zifurahi"]·TR["Ve-sevinecegim", "sevin", "sevinecekler", "sevinelim", "sevinin", "sevinsin", "sevinsinler", "ve-coskacak", "ve-coskuyla-sevinin", "ve-coşsun", "ve-coşun", "ve-sevinin", "ve-sevinsin"]·urd["اور-خوش-ہو", "اور-خوشی-منائے", "اور-خوشی-کرو", "اور-شاد-ہوگی", "اور-شادمان-ہو", "اور-میں-خوش-ہوں-گا", "خوش-ہو", "خوش-ہوں", "خوش-ہوں-گے", "خوشی-منائے", "شادمان-ہوں", "ہم-خوشی-مناتے-ہیں"]
2. rejoicing (nominal/adverbial) — The infinitive absolute used adverbially or nominally to express the manner or act of rejoicing, as in Prov 23:24 where a father "shall greatly rejoice" (gil yagil). German and French leave this form untranslated, while Spanish renders it as the gerund regocijando, highlighting its intensifying function within the verbal system. 2×
AR["(ابْتِهاجٌ)", "[تبتهج]"]·ben["[কেতীব]", "অবশ্যই-আনন্দ-করবে"]·DE["[(גיל)]", "[[גול]]"]·EN["[rejoicing]", "rejoicing"]·FR["se-réjouir"]·heb["(גיל)", "[גול]"]·HI["(आनंद)", "[आनंद]"]·ID["(bersorak-sorai)", "[bersorak-sorai]"]·IT["esultare"]·jav["bingah"]·KO["(기뻐함으로)", "[기뻐함으로]"]·PT["[Alegrar]", "alegrar"]·RU["[ктив:радостью]", "радостью"]·ES["(regocijando)", "[regocijando]"]·SW["(furaha)", "[furaha]"]·TR["(sevinç-duyar)", "[sevinç-duyar]"]·urd["خوشی-سے"]
3. sense 3 — A single disputed occurrence at Hosea 10:5 where context suggests trembling fear rather than joy — English renders "shall tremble" while Spanish retains "shall rejoice" (se regocijarán). The ambiguity likely arises from ironic prophetic reversal: what was worship-joy for the golden calf becomes fearful anguish at its removal. 1×
AR["يَبتَهِجونَ"]·ben["উল্লাস-করবে"]·DE["[יגילו]"]·EN["shall-tremble"]·FR["réjouir"]·heb["יגילו"]·HI["खुशी-मनाएँगे"]·IT["gioia"]·jav["sami-njerit"]·KO["기믭하는도다"]·PT["exultarão"]·RU["восклицают"]·ES["se-regocijarán"]·SW["watalia"]·TR["sevinecekler"]·urd["خوشی-منائیں-گے"]
Related Senses
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גִּיל] vb. rejoice (NöZMG 1883, 537; cf. Arabic جَالَ go round or about, be excited to levity, etc.)— Qal Pf. גַּלְתִּי Is 65:19; Impf. יָגִיל, תָּגִיל ψ 21:2 + 4 times (ψ 21:2 Kt יגיל, Qr יָ֫גֶל with retracted tone); יָגֵל, תָּגֵל ψ 13:6 + 11 times, וַיָּגֶל ψ 16:9, אָגִילָה, נָגִילָה ψ 9:15 + 5 times, יָגִילוּ ψ 13:5 + 5 times, יְגִילוּן ψ 89:17, תָּגֵלְנָה ψ 48:12 + 2 times; יָגִו֯ל Pr…