Search / H1499
H1499 H1499
N-msc  |  2× in 1 sense
robbery, plunder — violent seizure of others' property; that which is seized by force
This noun describes both the act of robbing and the plundered goods themselves. It appears in legal texts (Leviticus on restitution for robbery), wisdom literature (Psalms warning against trusting in robbery), and prophetic oracles (Isaiah declaring God hates robbery, Ezekiel condemning those who commit it). The word emphasizes violence and wrongful seizure—taking by force what belongs to another. Paired with terms for oppression and injustice, robbery represents economic violence that destroys community and violates covenant. The prophets particularly target religious people who commit robbery, revealing the hypocrisy of worship without justice.

Senses
1. sense 1 Violent theft or plunder; property taken by force. Ecclesiastes 5:8 (in a difficult text) may reference robbery of justice, while Ezekiel 18:18 condemns one who 'robbed his brother' or 'committed robbery.' The noun can denote the act itself or the stolen goods. Arabic cognates emphasize violent seizure. Prophetic usage consistently condemns robbery as covenant violation, especially when accompanied by religious pretense. Translations (robbery, robo, pillage, Raub) capture both the violence and the illegitimate transfer of property.
ECONOMICS_PROPERTY Possess, Transfer, Exchange Plunder and Spoil
AR["الكُلِّ", "غَصْبًا"]·ben["এবং-লুন্ঠন", "লুণ্ঠন"]·DE["[גזל]", "und-Raub"]·EN["and-robbery-of", "robbery"]·FR["et-וגזל", "pillage"]·heb["גזל", "ו-גזל"]·HI["और-लूट", "लूट"]·ID["dan-perampasan", "rampasan"]·IT["[גזל]", "e-e-robbery-of"]·jav["lan-rampasan", "rampasan"]·KO["강탈을", "그리고-강탈"]·PT["e-roubo-de", "roubo-de-"]·RU["грабежом", "и-грабёж"]·ES["robo-de", "y-robo-de"]·SW["na-kunyanganywa", "wizi"]·TR["ve-gasp", "yağmayı"]·urd["اور-لوٹ", "لوٹ-کا-مال"]

Related Senses
H5414 1. give, bestow (1855×)H3947 1. take, seize, grasp (Qal) (940×)G2192 1. possess / have (680×)G1325 1. give, bestow (336×)H5159 1. inherited land or property (170×)G2983 1. receive, obtain (134×)H3423 1. Qal: take possession of land (130×)G2983 2. take, take up (113×)G2398 1. one's own, belonging to oneself (91×)G3860 1. hand over, deliver to custody (78×)H7998 1. spoil, plunder, booty (74×)G1325 2. be given, be granted (70×)H5414 2. put, place, set (68×)H7999a 1. pay, repay, recompense (63×)H7069 1. Buy, purchase (59×)H1892 1. vanity, futility, absurdity (58×)H5159 2. heritage as covenant portion (52×)H6299 1. redeem or ransom (Qal active) (49×)H4376 1. Sell (Qal active) (47×)H1350a 1. Redeem, buy back (46×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
גָּזֵל n.[m.] robbery—abs. גָּזֵל Lv 5:21 + 3 times + Ez 18:18 cf. infr.; cstr. גֵּ֫זֶל Ec 5:7 Ez 18:18 (but cf. infr.);—robbery Lv 5:21 (P) ψ 62:11 (‖ עֹשֶׁק) Is 61:8; = thing plundered, taken as plunder, as acc. cogn. Ez 22:29 (גָּזַל גָּזֵל); fig. גֵּזֶל משפט = wresting of justice (cf. Is 10:2) Ec 5:7—Ez 18:18 has גֵּזֶל אָח, but 𝔊 Co del. אח; read then גָּזֵל.—Cf. LagBN 172.