H0645 H0645
then, now then — an enclitic emphatic particle used in questions and inferential statements
Epho is a subtle but rhetorically charged particle that intensifies questions and draws inferences. It adds urgency or emphasis much like English 'then' in 'who then was it?' Isaac's trembling question mi epho ('who then?', Gen 27:33) upon discovering Jacob's deception is its most dramatic occurrence. In Job it punctuates anguished reasoning: 'where then is my hope?' (17:15). The particle also appears in deliberative contexts: 'if it must be so, then do this' (Gen 43:11). German 'also/denn,' Spanish 'entonces/pues,' and French 'alors' each approximate this emphatic-inferential nuance.
Senses
1. then, therefore (emphatic particle) — An enclitic emphatic particle intensifying interrogative or inferential statements. Characteristically paired with question words: mi epho ('who then?', Gen 27:33), ayyeh epho ('where then?', Judg 9:38; Isa 19:12; Job 17:15), ubammeh yivvada epho ('wherein shall it be known?', Exod 33:16). Also used in deliberative contexts (Gen 43:11). Functionally parallels Greek ara/pote and Latin tandem. 15×
AR["إذن", "إذَن", "إِذاً", "إِذًا", "إِذَن", "إِذَنْ", "هٰكَذَا"]·ben["অতএব", "আচ্ছা", "আছে", "এখন", "তবে", "তাহলে"]·DE["[אפו]", "[אפוא]", "also", "dann", "darum", "denn"]·EN["indeed", "then", "therefore"]·FR["[אפוא]", "alors", "c'est-pourquoi"]·heb["איפוא", "אפו", "אפוא"]·HI["अब", "एपो", "कहां", "तब", "तो", "तो-फिर", "भला"]·ID["kalau-begitu", "lalu", "maka", "sekarang"]·IT["[אפוא]", "allora", "dunque", "perciò"]·jav["dados", "lajeng", "mila", "sapunika"]·KO["그러면", "그러므로", "그렇다면", "어디에", "있느냐"]·PT["então", "pois", "pois,"]·RU["же", "так", "теперь", "тогда", "тогда,"]·ES["entonces", "es-él,", "pues"]·SW["basi", "lazima", "sasa"]·TR["o-halde", "o-zaman", "simdi", "öyleyse", "şimdi"]·urd["اب", "تو", "تو-پھر", "پھر", "کوئی"]
Related Senses
H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G2250 1. day (388×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)H2320 1. month, calendar period (260×)H0310a 2. after (temporal) (258×)H3915 1. night, period of darkness (234×)H1242 1. morning (214×)H5750 2. still, yet (continuative) (166×)G5119 1. then (160×)G3568 1. now (147×)G2193 1. until (143×)G3825 1. (141×)G3752 1. (123×)H6153 1. evening, time of day (123×)H0227a 1. then (122×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אֵפוֹ (Jb 17:15; 19:6, 23; 24:25), elsewhere אֵפוֹא (cf. רִבּוֹ and רִבּוֹא), enclitic part. then (prob. from פּוֹ, a part. with a demonstr. force, cf. פּוֹ, פֹּה here, with א prefixed. In the Targs. פּוֹן is used somewhat similary, e.g. Gn 26:10 Nu 11:29 Is 1:9; 48:18, 19),—used 1. in connexion with interrogatory pronouns or adverbs (like ἄρα, ποτε, tandem): מִי אֵפוֹא Gn 27:33 who, then, …? v…