H0502 H0502
To learn (Qal); to teach, instruct (Piel) — acquiring or imparting knowledge and skill
A verb meaning 'to learn' in the Qal stem and 'to teach' in the Piel, cognate with Aramaic 'aleph (learn) and Arabic 'alifa (become familiar with). Though it occurs only four times in the Hebrew Bible — all in wisdom literature — it carries distinctive force. Eliphaz accuses Job's iniquity of 'teaching' his mouth deceit (Job 15:5), Elihu offers to 'teach' Job wisdom (Job 33:33), and God is praised as the One who 'teaches us' more than the beasts (Job 35:11). The sole Qal occurrence warns against learning the ways of a hot-tempered man (Prov 22:25).
Senses
1. sense 1 — To learn or teach, depending on verbal stem. In the Qal, it means to learn or become familiar with — 'lest you learn his ways' (Prov 22:25), warning against absorbing a wrathful person's habits. In the Piel, it means to teach or instruct: iniquity 'teaches' the mouth craftiness (Job 15:5), God 'teaches us' beyond the animals (Job 35:11), and Elihu pledges 'I will teach you wisdom' (Job 33:33). Spanish captures the dual sense neatly with 'enseñar' (teach) and 'aprender' (learn), while English likewise distinguishes 'teach' and 'learn.' The domain assignment as MOVEMENT is misleading; this is fundamentally a word of intellectual formation and moral instruction. 4×
AR["تَتَعَلَّمَ", "مُعَلِّمُنا", "وَ-أُعَلِّمُكَ", "يُعَلِّمُ"]·ben["আর-শেখাব-তোমাকে", "যিনি-আমাদের-শেখান", "শিখে-যাও", "শেখায়"]·DE["[ואאלפך]", "[יאלף]", "[מלפנו]", "[תאלף]"]·EN["and-I-will-teach-you", "teaches", "the-One-teaching-us", "you-learn"]·FR["et-ואאלפך-toi", "יאלף", "מלפנו-nous", "תאלף"]·heb["ו-אאלפך", "יאלף", "מלמדנו", "תאלף"]·HI["और-सिखाऊँगा-तुझे-मैं", "सिखाता-है", "सिखानेवाला-हमें", "सीखेगा"]·ID["Yang mengajar kita", "dan-aku akan mengajarmu", "engkau-belajar", "mengajar"]·IT["e-e-Io-will-teach-voi-tuo", "il-One-teaching-noi-nostro", "teaches", "voi-learn"]·jav["Ingkang-mulang-kita", "lan-kula-badhe-mulang-panjenengan", "mulang", "sinau"]·KO["가르치는구나", "그리고-내가-가르치리라-너에게", "배우리라-네가", "우리-를-가르치시는-이가"]·PT["Ensinando-nos", "aprendas", "e-ensinar-te-ei", "ensina"]·RU["и-научу-тебя", "научающий-нас", "научился", "учит"]·ES["Enseñándonos", "aprendas", "enseña", "y-te-enseñaré"]·SW["anayetufundisha", "kinafundisha", "na-nitakufundisha", "ukajifunza"]·TR["ve-öğreteyim-sana", "Öğretenimiz", "öğrenirsin", "öğretir"]·urd["اور-میں تجھے سکھاؤں گا", "سکھاتا-ہے", "سکھانے والا ہمیں", "سیکھے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [אָלַף] vb. learn (Arabic أَلِفَ keep, cleave to, become familiar with; Aramaic אֲלַף, ܝܺܠܶܦ, learn, ܐܰܠܶܦ, Pa teach). Qal Impf. 2 ms. תֶּאְלַף אֹרְחֹתָו֯ Pr 22:25; Pi. teach, sq. acc. יְאַלֵּף פִּיךָ Jb 15:5 (subj. עֲוֹנְךָ); so Pt. מַלְּפֵנוּ (for מְאַלְּ׳ Sta§ 111, 3 KöI, 388 Ge§ 68 fin., cf. Ew§ 73 b) Jb 35:11; sq. 2 acc. אֲאַלֶּפְךָ חָכְמָה Jb 33:33.